Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T16:01:34.473Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

From food aid to food security: the case of the Safety Net policy in Ethiopia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2010

Carly Bishop  and
Dorothea Hilhorst
Carly Bishop*
Affiliation:
Disaster Studies, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
Dorothea Hilhorst*
Affiliation:
Disaster Studies, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
*
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) is an attempt to bring food security to 5 million people by providing them with social security to close the yearly hunger gap, coupled with development projects to lift them permanently out of poverty. The programme is an example of the new policy arrangements that aim to link relief to social security and development. This paper analyses the early implementation of the PSNP in two villages of the Amhara Region. The paper shows how the programme was in practice interpreted and used by local authorities to realise a related programme of voluntary resettlement, and how this locally changed the objective from helping the most vulnerable people, to reserving the benefits of the programme for the more affluent and economically potent households. It shows how local responses to food security policies were informed by institutional patterns, discourses about food insecurity and the articulation of policy with adjacent or past policy practices.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Modern African Studies , Volume 48 , Issue 2 , June 2010 , pp. 181 - 202
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Apthorpe, R. & Gasper, D., eds. 1996. Arguing Development Policy: frames and discourses. London: Frank Cass.Google Scholar
Barrett, C. B. & Maxwell, D. G.. 2005. Food Aid after Fifty Years: recasting its role. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Buchanan-Smith, M. & Maxwell, S.. 1994. ‘Linking relief and development: an introduction and an overview’, IDS Bulletin 25, 4: 2–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, C., Hailekiros, D., Kahsay, W. S. & Getachew, Y.. 2001. Wag Lasta Woina Dega Food Economy Zone: baseline report. Addis Ababa: SCF-UK.Google Scholar
Colebatch, H.K. 2002. Policy: concepts from the social sciences, 2nd edn.Buckingham: Open University Press.Google Scholar
Devereux, S. & Maxwell, S., eds. 2001. Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa. London: ITDG Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffield, M. 1993. ‘NGOs, disaster relief and asset transfer in the Horn: political survival in a permanent emergency’, Development and Change 24, 1: 131–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffield, M. 2002. ‘Social reconstruction and the radicalization of development: aid as a relation of global liberal governance’, Development and Change 33, 5: 1049–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edkins, J. 2000. Whose Hunger? Concepts of famine, practices of aid. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), United Nations. 1999. The State of Food Insecurity in the World: when people must live with hunger and fear starvation. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
FAO. 2005. Voluntary Guidelines to Support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Forum for Social Sciences (FSS). 2006. ‘Understanding the dynamics of resettlement in Ethiopia’, FSS Policy Briefings no. 4, January 2006, Addis Ababa.Google Scholar
Gebre-Selassie, S. & Beshah, T.. 2003. Evaluation of Cash for Relief Project in South and North Wello Zones of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia, report. Addis Ababa: Ethiopian Economic Association/Ethiopian Economic Policy Research Institute.Google Scholar
Gilligan, D., Hoddinott, J. & Taffesse, A. S.. 2008. ‘The impact of Ethiopia's productive safety net programme and its linkages’, discussion paper 00839, Washington, DC: IFPRI.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gould, J. & Marcussen, H.. 2004. Ethnographies of Aid: exploring development. Roskilde: Department of International Development Studies.Google Scholar
Government of Ethiopia (GoE). 2003. The New Coalition for Food Security in Ethiopia. Vol. i. Food Security Programme Proposal. Addis Ababa: GoE.Google Scholar
GoE. 2004. Productive Safety Net Policy Programme Implementation Manual (PIM). Addis Ababa: GoE.Google Scholar
Hammond, L. 2004. ‘The making of a good citizen in an Ethiopian returnee settlement’, in Long, L. D. & Oxfeld, E., eds. Coming Home? Refugees, migrants, and those who stayed behind. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 187–205.Google Scholar
Hammond, L. 2008. ‘Strategies of invisibilization: how Ethiopia's resettlement programme hides the poorest of the poor’, Journal of Refugee Studies 21, 4: 517–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrell-Bond, B.E. 1986. Imposing Aid: emergency assistance to refugees. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hilhorst, D. 2003. The Real World of NGOs: discourse, diversity and development. London: Zed.Google Scholar
Hilhorst, D. & Bankoff, G.. 2004. ‘Mapping vulnerability’, in Bankoff, G., Frerks, G. & Hilhorst, D., eds. Mapping Vulnerability: disaster, development and people. London: Earthscan, 1–10.Google Scholar
Ingleby, D. 2005. Forced Migration and Mental Health: rethinking the care of refugees and displaced persons. New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joint Government and Multi-Donor Identification Mission. February 2004. ‘Aide memoire for the Ethiopia Safety Net Programme’ (unpublished).Google Scholar
Keeley, J. & Scoones, I.. 2003. Understanding Environmental Policy Processes. London: Earthscan.Google Scholar
Keen, D. 1994. The Benefits of Famine: a political economy of famine and relief in south western Sudan, 1983–1989. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Kibreab, G. 1993. ‘The myth of dependency among camp refugees in Somalia 1979–1989’, Journal of Refugee Studies, 6, 4: 321–49.Google Scholar
Leach, M. & Mearns, R.. 1996. ‘Environmental change and policy’, in Leach, M. & Mearns, R., eds. The Lie of the Land: challenging received wisdom on the African environment. Oxford: James Currey, 1–33.Google Scholar
Lentz, E., Barrett, C. & Hoddinot, J.. 2005. ‘Food aid and dependency: implications for emergency food security assessments’, working paper series, Social Science Research Net, available at: www.papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1142287.Google Scholar
Levine, D.N. 1965. Wax and Gold: tradition and innovation in Ethiopian culture. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Long, N. 1992. ‘From paradigm lost to paradigm regained? The case for an actor-oriented sociology of development’, in Long, N. & Long, A., eds. Battlefields of Knowledge: the interlocking of theory and practice in social research and development. London: Routledge, 16–46.Google Scholar
Longley, C., Christoplos, I. & Slaymaker, T.. 2006. ‘Agricultural rehabilitation: mapping the linkages between humanitarian relief, social protection and development’, Humanitarian Policy Group research briefing no. 22, London: ODI.Google Scholar
Mosse, D. 2005. Cultivating Development: an ethnography of aid policy and practice. London: Pluto Press.Google Scholar
Pankhurst, A. & Piguet, F., eds. 2004. People, Space and the State: migration, resettlement and displacement in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Ethiopian Society of Sociologists, Social Workers and Anthropologists.Google Scholar
Raisin, J. 2001. ‘Beyond the merry go-round to the relief-development continuum: prospects for linking USAID relief and developmental resources in Amhara National Regional State (ANRS)’, Addis Ababa: USAID Mission to Ethiopia.Google Scholar
Scott, J.S. 1998. Seeing like a State: how certain schemes to improve the human condition have failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Sen, A. 1981. Poverty and Famines: an essay on entitlement and deprivation. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Sharp, K. 1998. Between Relief and Development: targeting food aid for disaster prevention in Ethiopia. London: ODI.Google Scholar
Sharp, K., Devereux, S. & Amare, Y.. 2003. Destitution in Ethiopia's North-Eastern Highlands (Amhara National Regional State). Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, for SCF -UK.Google Scholar
Subbarao, K. et al. 1997. Safety Net Programs and Poverty Reduction: lessons from cross-country experience. Washington, DC: The World Bank.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanguy, B., Taffesse, A. S. & Dercon, S.. 2008. Aspirations Failure and Well-Being Outcomes in Ethiopia: towards an empirical exploration. Available at: http://www.iig.ox.ac.uk/output/presentations/pdfs/E13-Aspirations-and-WellBeing-Outcomes-in-Ethiopia.pdf.Google Scholar
Waal, A. de. 1997. Famine Crimes: politics and the disaster relief industry in Africa. Oxford: James Currey.Google Scholar
Wilson, F. 2005. ‘From humanitarianism to good governance? Reflections on a Danish-Ethiopian aid model’, in Folke, S. & Nielsen, H., eds. Aid Impact and Poverty Reduction. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan, 95–129.Google Scholar
World Bank. 1986. Poverty and Hunger: issues and options for food security in developing countries. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
World Food Programme (WFP), United Nations. 2006. Annual Report. Rome: WFP.Google Scholar