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The Collapse of the National Road Haulage Company in Tanzania

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2008

Ngila Mwase
Ngila Mwase
Affiliation:
Senior Research Fellow, Economic Research Bureau, University of Dar es Salaam
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Extract

The post-colonial evolution of the Tanzanian economy has been strongly influenced by public policy, notably since the adoption of the Arusha Declaration in 1967,1 which established the following guidelines:

1. Self-reliance, albeit not self-sufficiency or autarky, since, at least in theory, selected foreign assistance may be the catalyst rather than the basis of development.

2. General social equality, aimed at regional, inter-personal, and rural—urban equity.

3. Socialist and co-operative economic activities, emphasising priority for rural development per se, with a bias towards co-operative work through communal ujamaa villages.

4. Public ownership and control of the ‘commanding heights’ of the economy.

Type
Africana
Information
The Journal of Modern African Studies , Volume 23 , Issue 4 , December 1985 , pp. 703 - 713
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

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References

page 703 note 1 The Arusha Declaration: TANU's policy of socialism and self-reliance (Dar es Salaam, 1967), p. 3.Google Scholar

page 703 note 2 Clark, W. E., ‘Socialist Development and Public Investment in Tanzania, 1964–73’, Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., 1974, p. 279.Google Scholar

page 704 note 1 No profits or losses were reported for the remaining 51 accounts, either because the relevant institutions were still in an embryonic stage of development, or because the accounts were merely funds created under various statutes. Tanzania Audit Corporation, 15th Annual Report for 1982/83 (Dar es Salaam, 1984).Google Scholar

page 705 note 1 Tanzania Government, Report of the Presidential Commission of Inquiry into the Co-operative Movement and Marketing Boards, 1966 (Dar es Salaam, 1966), p. 51.Google Scholar

page 705 note 2 East African Common Services Organisation, The Treaty for East African Co-operation, 1967 (Nairobi, 1967).Google Scholar

page 706 note 1 Ministry of Communications, Transport, and Works, ‘Report of the Task Force Committee on the National Road Haulage Company’, Dar es Salaam, 1970.

page 707 note 1 Source of Tables 1 to 4: calculated and summarised by the author from N.R.H.C. files.

page 709 note 1 Ministry of Communications, Transport, and Works, ‘Report on the Regional Transport Shortages and a Proposal to Expand National Road Haulage Company’, Planning Unit Working Paper, Dar es Salaam, 1972, p. 15.

page 709 note 2 The substantial contribution of the private road-haulage firms has been documented by Mwase, Ngila, ‘The Supply of Road Vehicles in Tanzania: the problem of suppressed demand’, in Journal of Transport Economics and Policy (London), XVIII, 1, 01 1983, pp. 77–89.Google Scholar

page 711 note 1 Reginald H. Green, ‘Towards Ujamaa na Kujitegemea: income distribution and absolute poverty eradication aspects of the Tanzania transition to socialism’, I.D.S. Discussion Paper No. 66, University of Sussex, Brighton, December 1974, p. 20.

page 711 note 2 Kavana, Elisha, ‘A Short Memorandum on the Present Financial and Operational Problems of NRHC’, London, 1977, p. 3.Google Scholar

page 711 note 3 Cited in Subramanian, V. E., ‘Problems of NRHC’, National Transport Corporation, Dar es Salaam, 1977, p. 2.Google Scholar

page 712 note 1 Davidson, J. E. T. and Millinga, B., ‘A Study of Cooperative Transport in Tanzania’, Rural Development Division, Prime Minister's Office, Dar es Salaam, 1973.Google Scholar

page 712 note 2 Jamal, Amir H., Policy Statement to Parliament on the Estimates of Revenue and Expenditure of the Ministry of Communications and Transport (Dar es Salaam, 1977).Google Scholar

page 712 note 3 Nove, Alec, Efficiency Criteria for Nationalized Industries (London, 1973), p. 15.Google Scholar

page 713 note 1 The transport sector has been described as the externality industry par excellence. See, for example, Thomson, J., Modern Transport Economics (Harmondsworth, 1974), p. 46,Google Scholar and Bonavia, M. R., The Economics of Transport (Cambridge, 1954 edn.).Google Scholar