In this paper, the authors point out the frequency with which gynæcological troubles are found associated with mental perversions, and they insist upon the dependence in many cases of the latter upon the pelvic mischief. According to the traditions of asylum practice in France a pelvic examination is only performed after the consent of the relations has been obtained. At the asylum of Ville-Evrard, with 400 to 450 beds, this consent was obtained in sixty-six cases only. Excluding, for reasons, five of these cases, there were found gynæcological troubles in fifty-nine out of the remaining sixty-one cases. With this enormous proportion in view, and the frequent ætiological relationship between this form of disease and mental aberration, the refusal of the relations to allow the necessary examination of patients who are themselves not able to act on their own behalf becomes a very serious matter, and the authors ask whether society, which takes upon itself to commit a patient to an asylum and by law to administer and protect the property of the individual, cannot take better care of that other form of property—health. True, in cases where symptoms are urgent we may take it upon our own consciences and act then and there as we deem best for the patient, but, as MM. Picqué and Febvré insist, where does urgency begin in matters medical and surgical?