Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-31T19:46:44.015Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Schizophrenic Symptoms and Cerebral Pathology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

Karl Kleist
Karl Kleist*
Affiliation:
Frankfort-on-Main
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The illness which was first described by Kraepelin and which he called dementia praecox was more correctly designated as a Zerfallskrankheit (disintegrative illness) by Eugen Bleuler, who called the illness schizophrenia. In this disease, or rather group of diseases, not only does one find characteristic symptoms and symptoms which occur in other functional psychoses, but, if suitable methods of examination are employed, symptoms which are found in gross brain diseases, especially those associated with focal lesions, are also elicited. Apart from this, many other symptoms acquire a new aspect when viewed from the standpoint of neuropathology. This may justify our attempt to consider all schizophrenic symptomatology from the point of view of neuropathology. I attempted to do this in my “Report on Cerebral Pathology and its Importance for Neurology and Psychiatry” which I delivered 21 years ago at the annual meeting of the Association of German Neurologists and Psychiatrists at Frankfort-on-Main. Not much space was devoted to the problem of schizophrenia in this report. However, since that time more neuropathological knowledge has been acquired as a result of the Second World War, and this has added to the not inconsiderable knowledge of neuropathology which we already had in 1936 as a result of the First World War. The increasing number of brain injuries due to road accidents has also increased our knowledge of neuropathology. New approaches to the schizophrenic syndromes have been made possible by this growth of our knowledge of the effects of brain injury. Apart from this, I was able, in collaboration with Professor Leonhard and others, to finish a few years ago the clinical follow-up studies on schizophrenia which I began in 1936. In this work we encountered a large number of schizophrenic symptoms which had neurological characteristics.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Mental Science , Volume 106 , Issue 442 , January 1960 , pp. 246 - 255
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1960 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Albert, E., Criança portuguesa XII, 1953. Lisboa.Google Scholar
2. Beck, E., Mschr. Psychiat. Neurol. 1935, 92.Google Scholar
3. Bäumler, H., J. Hirnforsch., 1954, 1.Google Scholar
4. Fleischhacker, H., Mschr. Psychiat. Neurol., 1930, 77.Google Scholar
5. Funfgeld, E. W., J. Hirnforsch., 1954, 1.Google Scholar
6. Hoheisellu, , Walch, , Arch. Psychiat. u. Z. Neur., 1952, 25.Google Scholar
7. Hopf, A., J. Hirnforsch., 1954, 1.Google Scholar
8. Kleist, K., Die Katatonien, Nervenarzt, 1943, 16.Google Scholar
9. Idem , Leonhard, K., and Pittrich, J., Katatonie. Archivfilm B447/1951 (mit Filmtext) Wiss. Inst. f. Film u. Bild, Göttingen.Google Scholar
10. Idem, Nervenarzt, 1947, 18.Google Scholar
11. Idem and Schwab, H., Arch. Psychiatr. Z. Neur., 1949, 182.Google Scholar
12. Iidem, ibid., 1951, 184.Google Scholar
13. Idem , Leonhard, K., and Faust, E., ibid., 1950, 185, and 1951, 186.Google Scholar
14. Idem, Gehirnpathologie, 1934. Leipzig: J. A. Barth.Google Scholar
15. Idem, Z. ges. Neurol., 1937, 158.Google Scholar
16. Idem, Arch. Psychiat. Nervenkr., 1935, 103.Google Scholar
17. Idem, Gegenwartsprobleme der psychiatr.-neurologischen Forschung, herausg. von. V. Roggenbau, 1939. Stuttgart: F. Enke.Google Scholar
18. Idem, Fortschritte der Psychiatrie, 1947. Frankfurt-am-Main: W. Kramer.Google Scholar
19. Idem, Dtsch. med. Wschr., 1951, 76. Nr. 39.Google Scholar
20. Pittrich, H., Denkstörungen bei Hirnverletzten, 1944. Leipzig: G. Thieme.Google Scholar
21. Schneider, C., Die schizophrenen Symptomenverbände, 1942. Berlin: J. Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Vogt, C., and Vogt, O., Congrès international d'histopathologie du système nervaux, 1952. Roma.Google Scholar
23. Vogt, O., “Proposition de fonder une organisation internationale pour l'étude de l'anatomie pathologique de la schizophrénie et d'autres psychoses dites fonctionnelles”, 1952. Roma.Google Scholar
24. Wyrsch, J., Schizophrenie, in Reichardt, M., Allgemeine und specielle Psychiatrie. 4. Aufl. herausg. v. E. Grünthal u. E. G. Störring, 1955. Basel: S. Karger.Google Scholar
25. Zülch, J. K., Zbl. Neurochir., 1950, 10.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.