Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T06:37:01.020Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Part I. The Determination of Urinary Acidity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 February 2018

S. A. Mann ,
R. W. Morris  and
G. K. Rowe
S. A. Mann
Affiliation:
Central Pathological Laboratory of the London County Mental Hospitals
R. W. Morris
Affiliation:
Central Pathological Laboratory of the London County Mental Hospitals
G. K. Rowe
Affiliation:
Central Pathological Laboratory of the London County Mental Hospitals
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The following is the first of a series of communications relating to urinary excretion in cases of mental disorder with special reference to acid excretion. In this paper it is proposed only to deal with the make-up of urinary acidity and the methods for the determination of the acid characters. It is well known that respiratory regulation constitutes the first line of defence against change of body reaction, and that the kidneys afford the second protection against alteration by variations in the acid-base ratio of the urine. It is also fully established that urinary acidity is dependent on the nature of diet ingested, but it is not so well recognized that the urinary reaction is also dependent on the adequacy of the respiratory compensatory mechanism, and it would appear that those interested in dietetics and chemical effects on urinary acidity have not appreciated sufficiently the significance of the physiological influences, and those concerned with the respiratory side have been apt to disregard the influence of diet. The organism promptly defends itself against alkalinity by the excretion of bicarbonate, whether the alkalinity be due to ingested alkali or excessive exhalation of acid (CO2), and this excretion of bicarbonate appears to be independent of any particular renal threshold for bicarbonate. The response of the organism to acidity, however, is a much longer process, and in this case the kidney compensation takes the form of retention of base by ammonium base production and the retention of bicarbonate by alteration of the ratio of mono- and dibasic phosphate excreted according to the equation—

Type
Part I.—Original Articles
Information
Journal of Mental Science , Volume 74 , Issue 306 , July 1928 , pp. 425 - 435
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1928 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

(1) Davies, , Haldane, and Kennaway, , Journ. Physiol., 1921, liv, p. 32.Google Scholar
(2) Benedict, and Nash, , Journ. Biol. Chem., 1921, xlviii, p. 463.Google Scholar
(3) Rabinowitch, , Canadian Med. Assoc. Journ., 1923, xiii, p. 742.Google Scholar
(4) Idem., Journ. Biol. Chem., 1926, lxix, p. 283.Google Scholar
(5) Haldane, , Journ. Physiol., 1921, lv, p. 265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(6) Marriott, and Howland, , Arch. Int. Med., 1918, xxii, p. 477.Google Scholar
(7) Hubbard, and Munford, , Journ. Biol. Chem., 1922, liv, p. 465.Google Scholar
(8) Haldane, , Hill, and Luck, , Journ. Physiol., 1923, lvii, p. 301.Google Scholar
(9) Ambard, and Schmid, , Compt. Rend. Soc. de Biol., 1922, lxxxvi, pp. 6 and 7.Google Scholar
(10) Rafflin, , Bull. de la Soc. de Chem. Biol., 1926, viii, p. 294.Google Scholar
(11) Polnovski, and Boulanger, , Compt. Rend. Soc. de Biol., 1928, xcviii, p. 522.Google Scholar
(12) Fiske, , Journ. Biol. Chem., 1920, xli, p. 39.Google Scholar
(13) Kleitmann, , Amer. Journ. Physiol., 1925, lxxiv, p. 225.Google Scholar
(14) Henderson, L. J., and Spiro, , Journ. Biol. Chem., 1909, vi, p. 39.Google Scholar
(15) Van Slyke, and Palmer, , ibid., 1920, xli, p. 567.Google Scholar
(16) Palmer, , ibid., 1926, lxviii, p. 245.Google Scholar
(17) Henderson, L. J., and Palmer, ,. ibid., 1913, xiii, p. 393, and 1913, xiv, p. 81.Google Scholar
(18) Blatherwick, , Arch. Int. Med.,. 1914, xiv, p. 409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(19) Leathes, , Brit. Med. Journ., 1919, ii, p. 165.Google Scholar
(20) Orr, , Biochem. Journ., 1924, xviii, p. 317.Google Scholar
(21) Tarugi, and Lenci, , Boll. Chim. Farm., 1912, 1, p. 907.Google Scholar
(22) Malfatti, , Zeitschr. Anal. Chem., 1908, xlvii, p. 273.Google Scholar
(23) Weltmann, , Weiner Arch. inn. Med., 1921, ii, p. 107.Google Scholar
(24) Buscaino, , Rivista di patologia nervosa e mental, 1922, xxvii, p. 178.Google Scholar
(25) Briggs, , Journ. Biol. Chem., 1922, liii, p. 13.Google Scholar
(26) Folin, , ibid., 1922, li, p. 377.Google Scholar
(27) Goiffon, and Nepveux, , Compt. Rend. Soc. de Biol., 1927, lxxxvii, p. 1107.Google Scholar
(28) Laignel-Lavastine, and Cornélius, , ibid., 1923, lxxxix, p. 160.Google Scholar
(29) Idem, ibid., 1924, xci, p. 872.Google Scholar
(30) Idem, Presse Médicale, 1925, ii, p. 1521.Google Scholar
(31) Goiffon, , ibid., 1925, ii, p. 1316.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.