Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T21:25:13.991Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Induction of Illusory and Hallucinatory Voices with Considerations of Behaviour Therapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

Ian Oswald
Ian Oswald*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Edinburgh
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In recent years interest has attached to the fact that experiences allied to those described by patients during acute schizophrenic illnesses can be induced in normal people by the use of certain drugs, sometimes called “hallucinogens”. In so far as these drugs have caused hallucinations, however, they have induced predominantly visual hallucinations, whereas in schizophrenia the outstanding hallucinations are auditory ones, of voices—often making remarks in the third person singular, sometimes making apparently senseless or absurd remarks. In this paper, attention is drawn to means whereby non-schizophrenic persons can be caused to experience hallucinatory and illusory voices by primarily psychological and not pharmacological techniques. These techniques are also applicable to normal volunteers, but this paper will deal with first experiences of them during the treatment of some sexual deviants and alcohol addicts.

Type
Psychopathology
Information
Journal of Mental Science , Volume 108 , Issue 453 , March 1962 , pp. 196 - 212
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1962 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barker, J. C., Thorpe, J. G., Blakemore, C. B., Lavin, N. I., and Conway, C. G., Lancet, 1961, i, 510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, D. E., Levy, L., Rubenstein, L., and Malmo, R. B., Amer. J. Psychiat., 1959, 115, 985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, B. D., Rosenbaum, G., Dobie, S. I., and Gottlieb, J. S., J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 1959, 129, 486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellson, D. G., J. Exp. Psychol., 1941, 28, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eysenck, H. J., Behaviour Therapy and the Neuroses, 1960. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Freeman, H. L., and Kendrick, D. C., Brit. Med. J., 1960, ii, 497.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glynn, J. B., and Harper, P., Lancet, 1961, i, 619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnstone, J. M., Hunt, A. C., and Ward, E. M., Brit. Med. J., 1960, ii, 1714.Google Scholar
Lindsley, D. B., in Sensory Deprivation, A Symposium held at Harvard Medical School, 1961. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Macdonald, I. J., Lancet, 1961, i, 889.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mowrer, O. H., Psychol. Rev., 1938, 45, 62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oswald, I., J. Ment. Sci., 1959a, 105, 269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Idem , 1959b, ibid, 105, 795.Google Scholar
Idem , 1960, Brit. Med. J., i, 1450.Google Scholar
Idem , 1962, Sleeping and Waking; Physiology and Psychology. London: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Idem , Taylor, A. M., and Treisman, M., 1960, Brain, 83, 440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raymond, M. J., Brit. Med J., 1956, 2, 854.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sargant, W., Battle for the Mind: A Physiology of Conversion and Brain-Washing, 1957. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F., J. Psychol., 1936, 2, 71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. E., Brit. Med. J., 1956, ii, 1301.Google Scholar
Stevenson, I., ibid, 1960, 2, 1313.Google Scholar
Titchener, E. B. Lectures on the Elementary Psychology of Feeling and Attention, 1908. New York: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, R. M., Brit. J. Psychol., 1961, 52, 249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Idem and Gregory, R. L., Amer. J. Psychol., 1958, 71, 612.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.