A granular condition of the ventricular ependyma has long been recognised as a pathological condition in various cases of insanity, and is so common in cases of general paralysis that we are surprised when it is not present. It is, however, by no means confined to that specific class of case, but exists in others, and, although not so frequent, is sufficiently common to make one inquire into its cause and as to its bearing, if any, on insanity.