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Aphasia or Loss of Speech in Cerebral Disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 February 2018

Frederic Bateman*
Affiliation:
Physician to the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital

Extract

Having in my last paper noticed the different forms in which loss or lesion of the Faculty of Articulate Language is met with by the clinical observer, I now propose to consider the various causes which give rise to this morbid symptom.

Type
Part I.—Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1869 

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References

(Continued from Journal of Mental Science for Jan., April, and Oct, 1868, and Jan., 1869.)Google Scholar

On Aphasia, New York, 1867.Google Scholar

Localisation de la faculté spéciale du Langage Articulé, p. 99.Google Scholar

La Surdi-Mutité, par Dr. Blanchet, Chirurgien de l'Institut National des Sourds-Muets, tom. ii., p. 12.Google Scholar

On the Function of Articulate Speech, p. 32.Google Scholar

Popham, op. cit., p. 9.Google Scholar

Nouveau Dictionnaire de Médecine et de Chirurgie Pratique, Article Aphasie.Google Scholar

Dublin Quarterly Journal, Nov. 1868. Translated from the Hygiea, by Moore, W. D. Dr. This is a short review of the aphasic question by a Swedish physician, together with some original cases of great interest; the author, however, seems but imperfectly acquainted with the contributions of British authors.Google Scholar

We may assume that these vegetations are more likely to pass up the left carotid.Google Scholar

Studi Clinici sulle Malattie Mentali, p. 9.Google Scholar

Abercrombie, . Diseases of the Brain, p. 357.Google Scholar

Clinical Lectures on Diseases of the Brain, p. 278.Google Scholar

Medical Psychology, p. 77.Google Scholar

Deutsche Klinik. Jahrgang, 1855. S. 451.Google Scholar

Odmansson op cit., p. 493.Google Scholar

Dublin Journal of Medical Science, Jan., 1834, p. 419.Google Scholar

Medical Communications, vol. 2, p. 501. London, 1790.Google Scholar

Nosologia Methodica, Tom., i., p. 779.Google Scholar

Hoffmanni Opera, Tom, iii., cap. vii., obs. iii.Google Scholar

Lancet, Aug. 9, 1862.Google Scholar

§ Abercrombie, , op. cit., p, 155.Google Scholar

Nosologia Methodica, Tom. i, p. 177.Google Scholar

St. George's Hospital Reports, 1868, p. 159, where minute details of this interesting case are given.Google Scholar

Lancet, Aug. 22, 1868.Google Scholar

Op. citato, Tom. iii., cap. vii., obs. i. Google Scholar

“Edinburgh Medical Journal,” Jan., 1847.Google Scholar

Clinque Médicale, Tom. iii., p. 618.Google Scholar

§ Gazette des Hôpitaux, March 8, 1866 Google Scholar

Moore's, W. D. Dr. Translation p. 162.Google Scholar

Hoffmann uses the word a honia in the description of his cases, as does also Smith, Carmichael Dr., in his extremely interesting paper in the Medical Communications for 1790; but it will be seen from a perusal of their clinical histories that the authors intended to describe instances of inability to articulate.Google Scholar

I am by DO means prepared to say that this assumption is absolutely correct, but whether it be so or not, inquiries in this direction cannot be otherwise than useful.Google Scholar

Dr. Todd further remarks that there are many other points of interest in connexion with the state of the urine in brain disease, which can only be settled by many observers, such as the variations of the phosphates, the quantity of the sulphates and the chlorides, and whether, in the marked increase or decrease of these salts or elements of the urinary secretion, we can derive any trustworthy aid to determine the inflammatory or non-inflammatory nature of the brain lesion.—Clinical Lectures on Diseases of the Brain, p. 311.Google Scholar

It is to be hoped that Dr. Sansom will be induced to publish this most interesting case in extenso. Google Scholar

M. Broca's method of taking the temperature in these cases is as follows :— He takes two perfectly similar thermometers, covers them with little bags of wadding, and then applies them on each side of the head, fixing them by means of a circular band. It is essential that the two little bags should be of the same thickness, weight, and form. At the end of ten minutes he reads off the position of the mercury, and marks the difference.Google Scholar

Clinque Médicale, Tom. ii., p. 625.Google Scholar

In reference to the persistence of amnesic aphasia after the disappearance of all other morbid cerebral symptoms, Van Swieten has the following passage :— “Vidi plures, qui ab apoplexia curati omnibus functionibus cerebri recte valebant nisi quod deesset hoc unicum, quod non possent vera rebus designandis vocabula invenire; manibus, pedibus, totius corporis nixu conabantur explicare miseri, quid vellent, nec poterant tamen. Malum illud per plures annos sæpe insanabile perstat.”Van Swieten Commentaria in Boerhaave, Tom iii., § 1018.Google Scholar

Edinburgh Medical Journal, 1809, p. 281 Google Scholar

Gazette des Hôpitaux, June 15, 1865.Google Scholar

Medical Communications, Vol. II., p. 488. London, 1790. The particulars of this case are of extreme interest, as also those of two others described in the same communication.Google Scholar

Medical Times, July 29th, 1865.Google Scholar

In the “Lancet,” for January 23rd, 1869, Dr. Marcet has mentioned a most striking instance of the benefit of electricity in a case of hemiplegia with aphasia, where, after recovery from the paralysis, the loss of speech continued. Dr. Marcet, having determined to try galvanism with Smee's battery, one of the electrodes was applied, by means of Mackenzie's galvaniser, to the tongue, and the other to the bac of the neck, in contact with the spine. Speech began to return from the very first application of the galvanism, and continued steadily to improve each time it was used.Google Scholar

Herod. Hist. I., 85.Google Scholar

Gazette des Hopitaux, May 27, 1865.Google Scholar

Vide Journal of Mental Science, April, 1868.Google Scholar

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