Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T14:24:41.800Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An Investigation of Relationship Between Birth-Duration and Childhood Anxieties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

B. J. Bolin
B. J. Bolin*
Affiliation:
Central Hospital, Lakeland, Kentucky
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Historical Background. The possibility of relationship between a person's birth experiences and his later reaction tendencies has long been recognized. Such recognition is expressed in the ancient Chinese saying (translated approximately), “Difficult birth, difficult child”. As early as 1794, Erasmus Darwin (4) wrote that “the association of the disagreeable sensations and actions occasioned by birth” persists throughout life and forms the basis of all later fear reactions.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Mental Science , Volume 105 , Issue 441 , October 1959 , pp. 1045 - 1052
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1959 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Arey, L. B., Developmental Anatomy, 1942. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co.Google Scholar
2. Beck, S. J., Rorschach's Test, II: A Variety of Personality Pictures, 1946. New York: Grune and Stratton, 382–385; 33–36; 27.Google Scholar
3. Bochner, R., and Halpern, F., The Clinical Application of the Rorschach Test, 1942. New York: Grune and Stratton, 80–81.Google Scholar
4. Darwin, E., Zoonomia: or The Laws of Organic Life, I, 1801 (first printing, 1794). London: J. Johnson, p. 205.Google Scholar
5. Despert, J. L., Nerv. Child., 1946, 5, 8–34.Google Scholar
6. Drillen, M. C., J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp., 1947, 54, 300–323; 443–468.Google Scholar
7. Idem, Arch. Dis. Childhood, 1948, 23, 69–83.Google Scholar
8. Fodor, N., The Search for the Beloved: A Clinical Investigation of the Trauma of Birth and Prenatal Conditioning, 1949. New York: Hermitage Press.Google Scholar
9. Forbes, H. S., and Forbes, H. B., J. Comp. Psychol., 1927, 7, 353–355.Google Scholar
10. Freud, S., A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis (translated by Hall, G. S.), 1920. New York: Liveright, p. 345.Google Scholar
11. Greenacre, P., “The Predisposition to Anxiety”, in Tomkins, S. (editor), Contemporary Psychopathology, a Source Book, 1943. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
12. Idem , “The Biological Economy of Birth”, in The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, I, 1945. New York: International Universities Press, 31–35.Google Scholar
13. Hirschl, D., Levy, H., and Litvak, A. M., Arch. Pediat., 1948, 65, 648–653.Google Scholar
14. Hooker, D., Research Publications, 1939, 19, 237–343. Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Diseases.Google Scholar
15. Kappers, C. V. A., J. Comp. Neurol., 1917, 27, 261–398.Google Scholar
16. Kenworthy, M. E., “The Pre-Natal and Early Post-Natal Phenomena of Consciousness”, in Sturges, E. (editor), The Unconscious: a Symposium, 1928. Chicago: Alfred A. Knopf, 353–355.Google Scholar
17. Klopfer, B., and Kelley, D. McG., The Rorschach Technique, 1946. Yonkers-on-Hudson, New York: World Book Co., p. 282.Google Scholar
18. Langworthy, O. D., Contributions to Embryology, 1933, 25, 524–553. The Carnegie Institution of Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
19. Mowrer, O. H., and Kluckhohn, C., “Dynamic Theory of Personality”, in Hunt, J. McVey (editor), Personality and the Behavior Disorders, 1944. New York: Ronald Press, p. 871.Google Scholar
20. Pearson, G. H. J., Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 1931, 1, 284–294.Google Scholar
21. Preyer, W., Embryonic Motility and Sensitivity (translated Specielle Physiologie des Embryo), 1936. Washington: Society for Research in Child Development.Google Scholar
22. Rank, O., The Trauma of Birth, 1929. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co.Google Scholar
23. Rapaport, D., Diagnostic Psychological Testing, II, 1946. Chicago: The Year Book Publishers, pp. 140; 382–385.Google Scholar
24. Ray, W. S., Child Develpm., 1932, 3, 175–177.Google Scholar
25. Saboda, J. M., Cohen, B. H., and Beall, G., Psychol. Bull., 1954, 51, 172–175.Google Scholar
26. Shirley, M., Child Develpm., 1939, 10, 115–128.Google Scholar
27. Slater, E., J. Ment. Sci., 1953, 99, 44–52.Google Scholar
28. Sontao, L. W., and Wallace, R. F., Child Develpm., 1935, 6, 253–258.Google Scholar
29. Spelt, D. L., Psychol. Bull., 1938, 35, 712–713.Google Scholar
30. Wile, I. S., and Davis, R., Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 1941, 11, 320–335.Google Scholar
31. Windle, W. F., J. Comp. Neurol., 1933, 58, 643–723.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.