Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T11:00:54.178Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Abnormal and Personality Correlates of Certainty

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

J. C. Brengelmann*
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London, S.E.5

Extract

In the present investigation verbal statements of certainty, or confidence in the performance of immediate recall and recognition, were related to the neurotic/schizophrenic dichotomy and, within the neurotic group, to personality questionnaires of rigidity, extreme response set, extraversion and neuroticism. The aim was to find pointers to conditions favourable for the investigation of individual differences in certainty and to assess the relative validity of a number of independent personality criteria. Statements of certainty analysed are derived from an immediate recall experiment, the results of which have already been reported (6). An analysis of the interaction between certainty and other measures derived from the same experiment is to be presented at a later date.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1959 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Allport, F. H., and Hartman, D. A., “The measurement and motivation of atypical opinion in a certain group”, Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev., 1925, 19, 753763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Barnes, E. H., “The relationship of biased test responses to psychopathology”, J. abn. soc. Psychol., 1955, 51, 286290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Berg, I. A., “The reliability of extreme position response sets in two tests”, J. Psychol., 1953, 36, 39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Idem , “Research notes from here and there. Deviant responses and deviant people: the formulation of the deviation hypothesis”, J. counsel Psychol., 1957, 4, 154160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Block, J., and Petersen, P., “Some personality correlates of confidence, caution, and speed in a decision situation”, J. abnorm. soc. Psychol., 1955, 51, 3441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Brengelmann, J. C., “The effects of exposure time in immediate recall on abnormal and questionnaire criteria of personality”, J. Ment. Sci., 1958, 104, 665680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Cady, V. M., “The estimation of juvenile incorrigibility”, J. Delinq. Monogr., 1923, No. 2.Google Scholar
8. Cronbach, L. J., “Further evidence on response sets and test design”, Educ. and Psychol Measurement, 1950, 10, 331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Epstein, S., “Unconscious self-evaluation in a normal and a schizophrenic group”, J. abnorm. soc. Psychol., 1955, 50, 6570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Eysenck, H. J., Dimensions of Personality, 1946. London: Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
11. Idem , “Probleme der diagnostischen Untersuchung und Demonstration des Charakter-Interpretationstestes”, Z. exp. and angew. Psychol., 1954, 2, 132.Google Scholar
12. Idem , “The questionnaire measurement of extraversion and neuroticism”, Riv. psychol., 1956, 50, 113140.Google Scholar
13. Idem and Himmelweit, , Hilde, T., “An experimental study of the reactions of neurotics to experiences of success and failure”, J. gen. Psychol., 1946, 35, 5976.Google Scholar
14. Fisher, R. A., Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Biological Monographs and Manuals (Ed.: Crew, F. A. E.). Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1950.Google Scholar
15. Idem and Yates, F., Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research, Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd.Google Scholar
16. Fisher, S., “An overview of trends in research dealing with personality rigidity”, J. Pers., 1949, 17, 342351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Franks, C. M., “L'échelle de Taylor et l'analyse dimensioneile de l'anxiété”, Rev. psychol. appl., 1956, 6, 3544.Google Scholar
18. Friedman, , Ira, , “Phenomenal, ideal and projected conceptions of self”, J. abnorm. soc. Psychol., 1955, 51, 611615.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19. Goldstein, K., “Concerning rigidity”, Charact. and Personal, 1943, 11, 209226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Himmelweit, Hilde T., “A comparative study of the level of aspiration of normal and neurotic persons”, Brit. J. Psychol., 1947, 37, 4159.Google Scholar
21. Inglis, J., “Mediation, motivation and avoidance: the experimental study of some aspects of ‘ego-function’,” in Eysenck, H. J. (ed.), Handbook of Abnormal Psychology, 1959. London: Pitman Med. Publ. (To appear.)Google Scholar
22. Iverson, M. A., and Reuder, Mary E., “Ego-involvement as an experimental variable”, Psychol. Rep., 1956, 2, 147181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Jensen, A., “The Maudsley Personality Inventory”, Acta Psychol. 1958, 14, 314325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Johnson, D. M., The Psychology of Thought and Judgment, 1955. New York: Harper & Brothers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Jost, K. C., “The level of aspiration of schizophrenic and normal subjects”, J. abnorm. soc. Psychol., 1955, 50, 315320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Kelly, E. L., and Fiske, D. W., The Prediction of Performance in Clinical Psychology, 1951. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27. Lehmusvuori, , Heimo, , The Effects of Teachers' Authoritarian and Democratic Attitudes on the Children's Level of Aspiration after Success and Failure , 1958. Reports, Dept. of Psychol., Institute of Pedagogics, Jyväskyla, No. 13.Google Scholar
28. Lewis, N. A., and Taylor, J. A., “Anxiety and extreme response preferences”, Educ. and Psychol. Measmt., 1955, 15, 111116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29. Miller, D. R., “Responses of psychiatric patients to threat of failure”, J. abnorm. soc. Psychol., 1951, 46, 378387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30. Nigniewttzky, R. D., “A statistical study of rigidity as a personality variable”, 1955. M.A. Thesis (unpubl.), Univer. of London.Google Scholar
31. Öbrink, J., “An experimental investigation of confidence”, 1948. Tierp, Sweden: Tierps Tryckeri Aktiebolag. (U. Uppsala, Ph.D. Thesis.)Google Scholar
32. Payne, R. W., “Cognitive abnormalities”, in Eysenck, H. J. (ed.), Handbook of Abnormal Psychology, 1959. London: Pitman Med. Publ. (To appear.)Google Scholar
33. Pullen, M. S., and Stagner, R., “Rigidity and shock therapy of psychotics: an experimental study”, J. consult. Psychol., 1953, 17, 7986.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34. Rundquist, E. A., “Response sets: a note on consistency in taking extreme positions”, Educ. and Psychol. Measmt., 1950, 10, 9799.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35. Soueiff, M. I., “Extreme response sets as a measure of intolerance of ambiguity”. Brit. J. Psychol. 1958, 49, 329334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
36. Sutcliffe, J. P., “Judgment of random events as a function of belief in control”, Austral. J. Psychol., 1956, 8, 128139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
37. Weiner, H., and Ross, S., “Manifest anxiety and perceptual judgment”, J. soc. Psychol., 1956, 44, 8387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
38. Wolff, W. M., “Certainty: generality and relation to manifest anxiety”, J. abnorm. soc. Psychol., 1955, 50, 5970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.