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Synthesis, growth mechanism, and morphology control of LiFe1/3Mn1/3Co1/3PO4 via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2015

Kunpeng Wang ,
Alexander Ottmann ,
Jianxiu Zhang ,
Hans-Peter Meyer  and
Rüdiger Klingeler
Kunpeng Wang*
Affiliation:
Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
Alexander Ottmann
Affiliation:
Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
Jianxiu Zhang
Affiliation:
Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
Hans-Peter Meyer
Affiliation:
Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
Rüdiger Klingeler
Affiliation:
Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany; and Centre for Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

LiFe1/3Mn1/3Co1/3PO4 (LFMC) has been synthesized by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique. During the crystal growth, two evolutionary routes coexist and compete with each other after the nuclei have been stably formed. One of them is the continuous growth of single particles and the other one is agglomeration. The size and morphology of the products are determined by the interplay of the two competing routes. The growth morphology is quantitatively analyzed from first principle calculations. A phase diagram is constructed, which guides to control the morphology by adjusting CM and pH. Static magnetic properties imply long range antiferromagnetic order below TN = 39 K and a paramagnetic Curie–Weiss-like behavior with θ = 75 K and peff = 5.51 μB at high temperatures. Cyclic voltammetry shows two distinct peaks corresponding to the Fe2+/Fe3+ and Co2+/Co3+ redox couples, respectively, whereas the Mn2+/Mn3+ redox couple is not observed due to its sluggish kinetics induced by the Jahn–Teller effect of Mn3+.

Keywords

LiFe1/3Mn1/3Co1/3PO4microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesislithium-ion batteries
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 30 , Issue 7 , 14 April 2015 , pp. 914 - 923
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2015 

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