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Structure of amorphous Fe–Cr–P alloys prepared by electrodeposition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Patrick K. Ng ,
T. E. Mitchell ,
Ivan E. Locci  and
Augusto A. Ruiz
Patrick K. Ng
Affiliation:
Physical Chemistry Department, General Motors Research Laboratories, Warren, Michigan 48090-9055
T. E. Mitchell
Affiliation:
Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
Ivan E. Locci
Affiliation:
Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
Augusto A. Ruiz
Affiliation:
Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
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Abstract

Iron-chromium-phosphorus (Fe–Cr–P) alloys were prepared by electrodeposition from an acidic citrate electrolyte using sodium hypophosphite as the source of phosphorus. These alloys form a passive oxide layer when exposed to air and are useful as protective coatings on steel. The current efficiency of the plating process reaches a maximum of 20% at a current density of 100 mA/cm2 where the alloy has 10% Cr and 19% P. X-ray diffraction patterns and TEM analysis show that the alloy is amorphous. TEM results also indicate that small oxide particles (5–20 nm) are dispersed in the amorphous structure. Besides Fe, Cr, and P, the alloys contain a low level of oxygen (4–7%) in the form of mixed iron and chromium oxides, as confirmed by AES analysis. When heated, the amorphous structure transforms into a mixture of Fe3P and Cr3P, along with α–Fe–Cr grains. This phase transformation occurs in the temperature range of 450–460 °C for alloys with 19% P.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 4 , Issue 2 , April 1989 , pp. 300 - 308
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1989

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