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Structural characterization of heat-treated activated carbon fibers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

A.M. Rao ,
A.W.P. Fung ,
M.S. Dresselhaus  and
M. Endo
A.M. Rao*
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
A.W.P. Fung
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
M.S. Dresselhaus
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
M. Endo
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano 380, Japan
*
a)Present address: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506.

Abstract

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Raman scattering, x-ray diffraction, and BET measurements are used to study the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) and to correlate the structural changes with the metal-insulator transition observed in the electronic transport properties of heat-treated ACFs. A sequence of events is identified, starting with desorption, followed by micropore collapse plus the stacking of basic structural units in the c-direction, and ending up with in-plane crystallization. The graphitization process closely resembles that depicted by Oberlin's model, except that the final material at high-temperature heat treatment remains turbostratic. Because the metal-insulator transition was observed to occur at heat-treatment temperature THT ≃ 1200 °C, which is well below the THT value (2000 °C) for in-plane crystallization, we conclude that this electronic transition is not due to in-plane ordering but rather to the collapse of the micropore structure in the ACFs. Raman scattering also provides strong evidence for the presence of local two-dimensional graphene structures, which is the basis for the transport phenomena observed in heat-treated ACFs.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 7 , Issue 7 , July 1992 , pp. 1788 - 1794
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1992

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