Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T14:56:59.977Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Sintering phenomena and mechanical strength of nickel based materials in direct metal laser sintering process—a molecular dynamics study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2016

Yi Zhang  and
Jing Zhang Open the ORCID record for Jing Zhang [Opens in a new window]
Yi Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
Jing Zhang*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

This paper presents an atomistic scale model on sintering of nickel particles in direct metal laser sintering process. Both sintering phenomena and mechanical strength of sintered particles are simulated using molecular dynamics method. A two-particle atomistic model is developed to investigate the diffusion of atoms during nickel sintering. The diffusion of particle surface is higher than the particle core, with calculated activation energy of nickel particle diffusion 6.10 kJ/mol in the particle core, and 6.24 kJ/mol on the particle surface, which are reasonably in agreement with the experimental data of 7.89 kJ/mol. The sintered model shows a 5-fold twinning structure at 1200 K, and two parallel twin boundaries at 1300 K. The mechanical properties of nickel nanoparticles sintered at various heating rates are investigated using uniaxial tensile test simulations. The results show that higher heating rate during sintering increases the mechanical strength of the sintered material. Deformation mechanism of sintered structures is illustrated from the correlation between stress and dislocation evolution.

Keywords

sinteringsimulationmetal
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 31 , Issue 15 , 15 August 2016 , pp. 2233 - 2243
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Wikipedia. Direct metal laser sintering. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_metal_laser_sintering (accessed May 7, 2016).Google Scholar
Wikipedia. Inconel. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inconel (accessed May 7, 2016).Google Scholar
Xu, J., Sakanoi, R., Higuchi, Y., Ozawa, N., Sato, K., Hashida, T., and Kubo, M.: Molecular dynamics simulation of Ni nanoparticles sintering process in Ni/YSZ multi-nanoparticle system. J. Phys. Chem. C 117(19), 9663–9672 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, L.: Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Nanosintering Processes (University of Missouri, Columbia, 2010).Google Scholar
Cheng, B. and Ngan, A.H.W.: The sintering and densification behaviour of many copper nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study. Comput. Mater. Sci. 74, 1–11 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheng, B. and Ngan, A.H.W.: Thermally induced solid-solid structural transition of copper nanoparticles through direct geometrical conversion. J. Chem. Phys. 138(16), 164314 (2013).Google Scholar
Henz, B.J., Hawa, T., and Zachariah, M.: Molecular dynamics simulation of the kinetic sintering of Ni and Al nanoparticles. Mol. Simul. 35(10–11), 804–811 (2009).Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Wu, L., El-Mounayri, H., Brand, K., and Zhang, J.: Molecular dynamics study of the strength of laser sintered iron nanoparticles. Procedia Manufacturing 1, 296–307 (2015).Google Scholar
Plimpton, S.: Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics. J. Comput. Phys. 117(1), 1–19 (1995).Google Scholar
Bonny, G., Pasianot, R.C., and Malerba, L.: Fe–Ni many-body potential for metallurgical applications. Modell. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 17(2), 025010 (2009).Google Scholar
Daw, M.S. and Baskes, M.I.: Embedded-atom method: Derivation and application to impurities, surfaces, and other defects in metals. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 29(12), 6443–6453 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coble, R.L.: Sintering crystalline solids. I. Intermediate and final state diffusion models. J. Appl. Phys. 32(5), 787–792 (1961).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pan, H., Ko, S.H., and Grigoropoulos, C.P.: The solid-state neck growth mechanisms in low energy laser sintering of gold nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics simulation study. J. Heat Transfer 130(9), 092404–092404 (2008).Google Scholar
LAMMPS, http://www.cs.sandia.gov/∼sjplimp/lammps.html (accessed May 7, 2016).Google Scholar
German, R.M. and Munir, Z.A.: Surface area reduction during isothermal sintering. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 59(9–10), 379–383 (1976).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elliot, A.G. and Munir, Z.A.: The sintering of nickel/aluminium spheres to nickel plates. J. Mater. Sci. 3(2), 150–157 (1968).Google Scholar
Qian, B., Taimisto, L., Lehti, A., Piili, H., Nyrhilä, O., Salminen, A., and Shen, Z.: Monitoring of temperature profiles and surface morphologies during laser sintering of alumina ceramics. J. Asian Ceram. Soc. 2(2), 123–131 (2014).Google Scholar
Moitra, A., Kim, S., Kim, S.-G., Park, S.J., German, R.M., and Horstemeyer, M.F.: Investigation on sintering mechanism of nanoscale tungsten powder based on atomistic simulation. Acta Mater. 58(11), 3939–3951 (2010).Google Scholar
German, R.M.: Chapter Seven—Thermodynamic, and kinetic treatments. In Sintering: from Empirical Observations to Scientific Principles (Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, 2014); pp. 183–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheng, B. and Ngan, A.H.W.: The crystal structures of sintered copper nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study. Int. J. Plast. 47, 65–79 (2013).Google Scholar
Cheng, B. and Ngan, A.H.W.: Crystal plasticity of Cu nanocrystals during collision. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 585, 326–334 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, S. and Karsten, A.: Extracting dislocations and non-dislocation crystal defects from atomistic simulation data. Modell. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 18(8), 085001 (2010).Google Scholar
Wikipedia. Nickel. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel (accessed May 7, 2016).Google Scholar