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Particle size effects on yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phase formation by solid-state reaction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 September 2014

Elizabeth R. Kupp ,
Sujarinee Kochawattana ,
Sang-Ho Lee ,
Scott Misture  and
Gary L. Messing
Elizabeth R. Kupp
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
Sujarinee Kochawattana
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
Sang-Ho Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
Scott Misture
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University, Alfred, NY 14802, USA
Gary L. Messing*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
*
d)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The solid-state reaction of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG, Y3Al5O12) during the heat treatment of Y2O3 and Al2O3 powder mixtures, differing in particle size and size ratio, was quantified using in situ high-temperature x-ray analysis and Rietveld refinement. Y2O3 particle size has the most profound effect on YAG formation. When the Y2O3 particle size was decreased from 5000 to 30 nm (on reaction with 270 nm Al2O3), the YAG formation rate increased from 20 to 48 vol% min−1 over the temperature range of 1350–1450 °C. In this case, the final YAG content increased from 75 to 91 vol%. A simple model that includes the reactant particle coordination number, and thus particle size ratio, shows that when the size ratio (dA/dY) is >1 diffusion through the alumina powder is rate controlling whereas when the ratio is <1, diffusion through the yttria, intermediate phases, and YAG is rate controlling.

Keywords

phase transformationx-ray diffractiondiffusion
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 29 , Issue 19: Focus Issue: Optical Ceramics Science , 14 October 2014 , pp. 2303 - 2311
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

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