Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T17:26:31.241Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Oxidation behavior of high-purity nonstoichiometric Ti2AlC powders in flowing air

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2017

Fanyu Kong ,
Ke Feng ,
Yuelei Bai ,
Ning Li ,
Xinxin Qi ,
Yongting Zheng ,
Rongguo Wang  and
Xiaodong He
Fanyu Kong
Affiliation:
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Ke Feng
Affiliation:
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Yuelei Bai*
Affiliation:
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Ning Li
Affiliation:
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Xinxin Qi
Affiliation:
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Yongting Zheng
Affiliation:
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Rongguo Wang
Affiliation:
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Xiaodong He
Affiliation:
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The oxidation behavior of nonstoichiometric Ti2AlC x (x = 0.69) powders synthesized by combustion synthesis was investigated in flowing air by means of simultaneous thermal gravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectroscopy, with an effect of powder size. The oxidation of the fine Ti2AlC powders with the size of about 1 μm starts at 300 °C and completes at 980 °C, while with increasing the powder size around 10 μm the corresponding temperature increases to 400 and 1040 °C, respectively. The oxidation of nonstoichiometric Ti2AlC x (x = 0.69) powders is controlled by surface reaction in 400–600 °C, and mainly diffusion in 600–900 °C, with the corresponding oxidation activation energy of 2.35 eV and 0.12 eV, respectively. In other words, the critical temperature of changing oxidation controlling step is around 600 °C. The oxidation products were mainly rutile-TiO2 and α-Al2O3. The tiny white flocculent particles of α-Al2O3 appeared on the surface of fine Ti2AlC powders and increased with increasing the oxidation temperature.

Keywords

Ti2AlCoxidationMAX phasesnonstoichiometrycombustion synthesis
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 32 , Issue 14 , 28 July 2017 , pp. 2747 - 2754
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Yanchun Zhou

References

REFERENCES

Barsoum, M.W.: The M N+1AX N phases: A new class of solids: Thermodynamically stable nanolaminates. Prog. Solid State Chem. 28, 201 (2000).Google Scholar
Barsoum, M.W., Salama, I.I., Elraghy, T., Golczewski, J., Seifert, H.J., Aldinger, F., Porter, W., and Wang, H.: Thermal and electrical properties of Nb2AlC, (Ti,Nb)2AlC and Ti2AlC. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 33, 2775 (2002).Google Scholar
Zhou, Y.C. and Wang, X.H.: Deformation of polycrystalline Ti2AlC under compression. Mater. Res. Innovations 5, 87 (2001).Google Scholar
Adamaki, V., Minster, T., Thomas, T., Fourlaris, G., and Bowen, C.R.: Study of the mechanical properties of Ti2AlC after thermal shock. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 667, 9 (2016).Google Scholar
Radovic, M., Barsoum, M.W., Ganguly, A., Zhen, T., Finkel, P., Kalidindi, S.R., and Laracurzio, E.: On the elastic properties and mechanical damping of Ti3SiC2, Ti3GeC2, Ti3Si0.5Al0.5C2 and Ti2AlC in the 300–1573 K temperature range. Acta Mater. 54, 2757 (2006).Google Scholar
Wang, X.H. and Zhou, Y.: High-temperature oxidation behavior of Ti2AlC in air. Oxid. Met. 59, 303 (2003).Google Scholar
Barsoum, M.W. and Radovic, M.: Elastic and mechanical properties of the MAX phases. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 41, 195 (2011).Google Scholar
Jeitschko, W., Nowotny, H., and Benesovsky, F.: Ternary carbide (H-phase). Monatsh. Chem. 94, 672 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barsoum, M.W., Brodkin, D., and Elraghy, T.: Layered machinable ceramics for high temperature applications. Scr. Mater. 36, 535 (1997).Google Scholar
Barsoum, M.W., Elraghy, T., and Ali, M.F.: Processing and characterization of Ti2AlC, Ti2AlN, and Ti2AlC0.5N0.5 . Metall. Mater. Trans. A 31, 1857 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bai, Y., He, X., Li, Y., Zhu, C., and Zhang, S.: Rapid synthesis of bulk Ti2AlC by self-propagating high temperature combustion synthesis with a pseudo-hot isostatic pressing process. J. Mater. Res. 24, 2528 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bai, Y., Zhang, H., He, X., Zhu, C., Wang, R., Sun, Y., Chen, G., and Xiao, P.: Growth morphology and microstructural characterization of nonstoichiometric Ti2AlC bulk synthesized by self-propagating high temperature combustion synthesis with pseudo hot isostatic pressing. Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 45, 58 (2014).Google Scholar
Bai, Y., He, X., Zhu, C., and Chen, G.: Microstructures, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of bulk Ti2AlC synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature combustion synthesis with pseudo hot isostatic pressing. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 95, 358 (2012).Google Scholar
Bai, Y., He, X., Wang, R., Sun, Y., Zhu, C., Wang, S., and Chen, G.: High temperature physical and mechanical properties of large-scale Ti2AlC bulk synthesized by self-propagating high temperature combustion synthesis with pseudo hot isostatic pressing. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 33, 2435 (2013).Google Scholar
Tallman, D.J., Anasori, B., and Barsoum, M.W.: A critical review of the oxidation of Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC2 and Cr2AlC in air. Mater. Res. Lett. 1, 115 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barsoum, M.W. and Elraghy, T.: A progress report on Ti3SiC2, Ti3GeC2, and the H-phases, M2BX. J. Mater. Synth. Process. 5, 197 (1997).Google Scholar
Wang, X.H. and Zhou, Y.C.: Intermediate-temperature oxidation behavior of Ti2AlC in air. J. Mater. Res. 17, 2974 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byeon, J., Liu, J., Hopkins, M., Fischer, W., Garimella, N., Park, K.B., Brady, M.P., Radovic, M., Elraghy, T., and Sohn, Y.H.: Microstructure and residual stress of alumina scale formed on Ti2AlC at high temperature in air. Oxid. Met. 68, 97 (2007).Google Scholar
Yang, H., Pei, Y.T., Rao, J., De Hosson, J.T.M., Li, S.B., and Song, G.M.: High temperature healing of Ti2AlC: On the origin of inhomogeneous oxide scale. Scr. Mater. 65, 135 (2011).Google Scholar
Cui, B., Jayaseelan, D.D., and Lee, W.E.: TEM study of the early stages of Ti2AlC oxidation at 900 °C. Scr. Mater. 67, 830 (2012).Google Scholar
Cui, B., Jayaseelan, D.D., and Lee, W.E.: Microstructural evolution during high-temperature oxidation of Ti2AlC ceramics. Acta Mater. 59, 4116 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, H., Pei, Y.T., Rao, J., and De Hosson, J.T.M.: Self-healing performance of Ti2AlC ceramic. J. Mater. Chem. 22, 8304 (2012).Google Scholar
Basu, S., Obando, N., Gowdy, A., Karaman, I., and Radovic, M.: Long-term oxidation of Ti2AlC in air and water vapor at 1000–1300 °C temperature range. J. Electrochem. Soc. 159, C90–C96 (2012).Google Scholar
Zhang, Z., Lim, S.H., Lai, D.M.Y., Tan, S.Y., Koh, X.Q., Chai, J., Wang, S.J., Jin, H., and Pan, J.S.: Probing the oxidation behavior of Ti2AlC MAX phase powders between 200 and 1000 °C. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 37, 43 (2017).Google Scholar
Dong, H.Y., Yan, C.K., Chen, S.Q., and Zhou, Y.C.: Solid–liquid reaction synthesis and thermal stability of Ti2SnC powders. J. Mater. Chem. 11, 1402 (2001).Google Scholar
Lin, Z.J., Li, M.S., Wang, J.Y., and Zhou, Y.C.: High-temperature oxidation and hot corrosion of Cr2AlC. Acta Mater. 55, 6182 (2007).Google Scholar
Kulkarni, S.R., Merlini, M., Phatak, N., Saxena, S.K., Artioli, G., Amini, S., and Barsoum, M.W.: Thermal expansion and stability of Ti2SC in air and inert atmospheres. J. Alloys Compd. 469, 395 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.H. and Zhou, Y.C.: Oxidation behavior of Ti3AlC2 powders in flowing air. J. Mater. Chem. 12, 2781 (2002).Google Scholar
Smialek, J.L.: Environmental resistance of a Ti2AlC-type MAX phase in a high pressure burner rig. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 37, 23 (2017).Google Scholar
Smialek, J.L.: Kinetic aspects of Ti2AlC MAX phase oxidation. Oxid. Met. 83, 351 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.H. and Zhou, Y.C.: Stability and selective oxidation of aluminum in nano-laminate Ti3AlC2 upon heating in argon. Chem. Mater. 15, 3716 (2003).Google Scholar
Bai, Y., He, X., Wang, R., Wang, S., and Kong, F.: Effect of transition metal (M) and M-C slabs on equilibrium properties of Al-containing MAX carbides: An ab initio study. Comput. Mater. Sci. 91, 28 (2014).Google Scholar