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Overview: Damage in brittle layer structures from concentrated loads

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Brian R. Lawn ,
Yan Deng ,
Pedro Miranda ,
Antonia Pajares ,
Herzl Chai  and
Do Kyung Kim
Brian R. Lawn
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
Yan Deng
Affiliation:
Department of Materials and Nuclear Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2115
Pedro Miranda
Affiliation:
Departamento de Electrónica e Ingeniería Electromecánica, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
Antonia Pajares
Affiliation:
Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidäd de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
Herzl Chai
Affiliation:
Department of Solid Mechanics, Materials and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Do Kyung Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yusong, Taejon 305-701, Korea
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Abstract

In this article, we review recent advances in the understanding and analysis of damage initiation and evolution in laminate structures with brittle outerlayers and compliant sublayers in concentrated loading. The relevance of such damage to lifetime-limiting failures of engineering and biomechanical layer systems is emphasized. We describe the results of contact studies on monolayer, bilayer, trilayer, and multilayer test specimens that enable simple elucidation of fundamental damage mechanics and yet simulate essential function in a wide range of practical structures. Damage processes are observed using post mortem (“bonded-interface”) sectioning and direct in situ viewing during loading. The observations reveal a competition between damage modes in the brittle outerlayers—cone cracks or quasiplasticity at the top (near-contact) surfaces and laterally extending radial cracks at the lower surfaces. In metal or polymeric support layers, yield or viscoelasticity can become limiting factors. Analytical relations for the critical loads to initiate each damage mode are presented in terms of key system variables: geometrical (layer thickness and indenter radius); material (elastic modulus, strength and toughness of brittle components, hardness of deformable components). Such relations provide a sound physical basis for the design of brittle layer systems with optimal damage thresholds. Other elements of the damage process—damage evolution to failure, crack kinetics (and fatigue), flaw statistics, and complex (tangential) loading—are also considered.

Type
Review
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 17 , Issue 12 , December 2002 , pp. 3019 - 3036
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2002

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