Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T21:22:51.484Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Numerical analysis of out-of-plane thermal conductivity of C/C composites by flexible oriented 3D weaving process considering voids and fiber volume fractions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2020

Zheng Sun
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Forming Technology and Equipment, China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology, Beijing100044, China Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
Zhongde Shan*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Forming Technology and Equipment, China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology, Beijing100044, China
Tianmin Shao
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
Qun Zhang
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Forming Technology and Equipment, China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology, Beijing100044, China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Thermal conductivity behaviors are one of the most important evaluations of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon matrix (C/C) composites in the field of thermal protective structures. In order to deepen the understanding of the thermal conductivity behaviors of C/C composites, the out-of-plane thermal conductivity of C/C composites is studied by considering voids and the fiber volume fractions. The representative volume element (RVE) models of microscale and mesoscale are proposed. The parameters of the RVE models are captured by X-ray micro-computed tomography. The carbon matrix equivalent models and fiber volume fraction models along the z-direction were established. The effects of the porosity and fiber volume fraction along the z-direction on the thermal conductivity were analyzed. The proposed model was validated by experimental results at room temperature. Further, the numerical methods developed in this study can provide guidance for predicting the thermal conductivity of C/C composites with complex structures.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Jin, X.C., Fan, X.L., Lu, C.S., and Wang, T.J.: Advances in oxidation and ablation resistance of high and ultra-high temperature ceramics modified coated carbon/carbon composites. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 38, 128 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, T.Q., Xu, Z.H., Hu, Z.J., and Yang, X.G.: Application of a high thermal conductivity C/C composite in a heat-redistribution thermal protection system. Carbon 48, 912928 (2010).Google Scholar
Feng, Z.H., Fan, Z., Kong, Q., Xiong, X., and Huang, B.Y.: Effect of high temperature treatment on the structure and thermal conductivity of 2D carbon/carbon composites with a high thermal conductivity. New Carbon. Mater. 29, 357362 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xue, L.Z., Li, K.Z., Jia, Y., Ren, J.J., and Zhang, S.Y.: Effects of hypervelocity impact on thermal expansion behavior of 2.5D carbon/carbon composites from 850°C to 2500°C. Compos. Struct. 178, 210216 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miravete, A., Bielsa, J.M., Chiminelli, A., Cuartero, J., Serrano, S., Tolosana, N., and Guzman, R.V.: 3D mesomechanical analysis of three-axial braided composite materials. Compos. Sci. Technol. 66, 29542964 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piat, R., Lapusta, Y., Böhlke, T., Guellali, M., Reznik, B., Gerthsen, D., Chen, T.F., Oberacker, R., and Hoffmann, M.J.: Microstructure-induced thermal stresses in pyrolytic carbon matrices at temperatures up to 2900°C. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 27, 48134820 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sziroczak, D. and Smith, H.: A review of design issues specific to hypersonic flight vehicles. Prog. Aerosp. Sci. 84, 128 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauder, C., Lamon, J., and Pailler, R.: Thermomechanical properties of carbon fibers at high temperatures(up to 2000C). Compos. Sci. Technol. 62, 499504 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luo, R.Y., Liu, T., Li, J.S., Zhang, H.B., Chen, Z.J., and Tian, G.L.: Thermophysical properties of carbon/carbon composites and physical mechanism of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. Carbon 42, 28872895 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baxter, R.I., Rawlings, R.D., Iwashita, N., and Sawada, Y.: Effect of chemical vapor infiltration on erosion and thermal properties of porous carbon/carbon composite thermal insulation. Carbon 38, 441449 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jie, C., Xiang, X., and Peng, X.: Thermal conductivity of unidirectional carbon/carbon composites with different carbon matrixes. Mater. Design 30, 14131416 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, M.Y., Li, K.Z., Shi, X.H., Guo, L.J., Feng, L., and Duan, T.: Influence of cryogenic thermal cycling treatment on the thermophysical properties of carbon/carbon composites between room temperature and 1900°C. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 34, 409415 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, M.V., Mahajan, P., and Mittal, R.K.: Effect of architecture on mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites. Compos. Struct. 83, 131142 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomková, B., Šejnoha, M., Novák, J., and Zeman, J.: Evaluation of effective thermal conductivities of porous textile composites. Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. 6, 153167 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schuster, J., Heider, D., Sharp, K., and Glowania, M.: Thermal conductivities of three-dimensionally woven fabric composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 68, 20852091 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bamborin, M.Y., Yartsev, D.V., and Kolesnikov, S.A.: Effect of high-temperature treatment on carbon-carbon composite material X-ray structural properties. Refract. Ind. Ceram. 54, 319323 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ma, J.Q., Xu, Y.D., Zhang, L.T., Cheng, L.F., Nie, J.J., and Dong, N.: Microstructure characterization and tensile behavior of 2.5D C/SiC composites fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration. Scr. Mater. 54, 19671971 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alghamdi, A., Mummery, P., and Sheikh, M.A.: Multi-scale 3D image-based modelling of a carbon/carbon composite. Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. 21, 085014 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, H.L., Sun, B.Z., and Gu, B.H.: Numerical modeling on compressive behaviors of 3-D braided composites under high temperatures at microstructure level. Compos. Struct. 160, 925–638 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Y., Qu, Z.G., Guo, J., and Zhao, X.M.: Numerical study on effective thermal conductivities of plain woven C/SiC composites with considering pores in interlaced woven yarns. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 140, 410419 (2019).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gereke, T. and Cherif, C.: A review of numerical models for 3D woven composite reinforcements. Compos. Struct. 209, 6066 (2019).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vorel, J. and Šejnoha, M.: Evaluation of homogenized thermal conductivities of imperfect carbon-carbon textile composites using the Mori-Tanaka method. Struct. Eng. Mech. 33, 429446 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ai, S.G., He, R.J., and Pei, Y.M.: A numerical study on the thermal conductivity of 3D woven C/C composites at high temperature. Appl. Compos. Mater. 22, 823835 (2015).Google Scholar
Grujicic, M., Zhao, C.L., Dusel, E.C., Morgan, D.R., Miller, R.S., and Beasley, D.E.: Computational analysis of the thermal conductivity of the carbon–carbon composite materials. J. Mater. Sci. 41, 82448256 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klett, J.W., Ervin, V.J., and Edi, D.D.: Finite-element modeling of heat transfer in carbon–carbon composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 59, 593607 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shan, Z.D., Liu, F., Dong, X.L., and Lin, Z.L.: Three-dimensional weave-forming method for composites. United State Patent No. 8600541B2.Google Scholar
Kang, H.R., Shan, Z.D., Zang, Y., and Liu, F.: Effect of yarn distortion on the mechanical properties of fiber-bar composites reinforced by three-dimensional weaving. Appl. Compos. Mater. 23, 119138 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kang, H.R., Shan, Z.D., Zang, Y., and Liu, F.: Progressive damage analysis and strength properties of fiber-bar composites reinforced by three-dimensional weaving under uniaxial tension. Compos. Struct. 141, 264281 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lomov, S.V., Perie, G., Ivanov, D.S., Verpoest, I., and Marsal, D.: Modelling three-dimensional fabrics and three-dimensional reinforced composites: Challenges and solutions. Text. Res. J. 81, 2841 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, L.C., Sun, X.H., Chen, M.W., Zhu, Y.B., and Wu, H.A.: Multiscale modeling and theoretical prediction for the thermal conductivity of porous plain-woven carbonized silica/phenolic composites. Compos. Struct. 215, 278288 (2019).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Múgica, J.I., Lopes, C.S., Naya, F., Herráez, M., Martínez, V., and González, C.: Multiscale modelling of thermoplastic woven fabric composites: From micromechanics to mesomechanics. Compos. Struct. 228, 111340 (2019).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, H.Z., Li, S.G., and Wang, Y.C.: Prediction of effective thermal conductivities of woven fabric composites using unit cells at multiple length scales. J. Mater. Res. 26, 384394 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bria, A.H. and Feng, X.M.: Application field, Preparation Technology and Development Prospect of Carbon/Carbon Composites (Northwestern Polytechnical University Press, Xi'an, China, 2017); p. 56.Google Scholar
Xu, Y.J., Ren, S.X., and Zhang, W.H.: Thermal conductivities of plain woven C/SiC composite: Micromechanical model considering PyC interphase thermal conductance and manufacture-induced voids. Compos. Struct. 193, 212223 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar