Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T16:29:48.008Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mullite Precursor Synthesis in Aqueous Conditions: Dependence of Mullite Crystallization and Grain Size and Morphology on Solution pH and Precursor Salt

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Jae-Ean Lee ,
Jae-Won Kim ,
Je-Hyun Lee ,
Yeon-Gil Jung  and
Ungyu Paik
Jae-Ean Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Kyungnam 641-773, Korea
Jae-Won Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Kyungnam 641-773, Korea
Je-Hyun Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Kyungnam 641-773, Korea
Yeon-Gil Jung*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Kyungnam 641-773, Korea
Ungyu Paik
Affiliation:
Department of Ceramic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The synthesis behavior of mullite in an aqueous system was investigated. Two kinds of aluminosilicate precursor sols were prepared by the dissolution of two kinds of salt (aluminum chloride hexahydrate, AlCl3·6H2O, and aluminum sulfate with 14–18 molecules of water, Al2[SO4]3·14–18H2O) into the mixture of colloidal silica sol. The effects of the solution pH, which was controlled by addition of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), and the type of aluminum salt on the mullite crystallization and the grain size and morphology in the sintered materials are discussed in this paper. It has been discovered that in an aqueous system, the mullitization temperature strongly depends on the solubility and decomposition temperature of the aluminum salt used and that the pH of the initial sol impacts the grain size and morphology of mullite, in addition to the homogeneity of mixture. Mullite is synthesized at 850 °C without resorting to the addition of an organic additive or nonaqueous solvent.

Keywords

Sol-gelMorphologyMicrostructure
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , April 2004 , pp. 1133 - 1138
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Hoffman, D.W., Roy, R. and Komarneni, S.: Diphasic xerogels, a new class of materials: Phases in the system Al2O3-SiO2. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 67, 468 (1984).Google Scholar
2Jaymes, I., Douy, A., Massiot, D. and Coutures, J.P.: Characterization of mono- and diphasic mullite precursor prepared by aqueous rotes. Al-27 and Si-29 MAS-NMR spectroscopy investigation. J. Mater. Sci. 31, 4581 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Rajendran, S., Rossell, H.J. and Sanders, J.V.: Crystallization of a coprecipitated mullite precursor during heat treatment. J. Mater. Sci. 25, 4462 (1990).Google Scholar
4Chakraborty, A.K. and Ghosh, D.K.: Role of hydrolysis water-alcohol mixture on mullitization of Al2O3-SiO2 monophasic gels. J. Mater. Sci. 29, 6131 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Sacks, M.D., Wang, K., Scheiffele, G.W. and Bozkurt, N.: Effect of composition on mullitization behavior of alpha-alumina/silica microcomposite powders. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 80, 663 (1997).Google Scholar
6Ha, J.S. and Chawla, K.K.: The effect of precursor characteristics on the crystallization and densification of diphasic mullite gels. Ceram. Int. 19, 99 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Lee, J.E., Kim, J.W., Jung, Y.G., Jo, C.Y. and Paik, U.: Effects of precursor pH and sintering temperature on synthesizing and morphology of sol-gel processed mullite. Ceram. Int. 28, 935 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Kim, J.W., Lee, J.E., Jung, Y.G., Jo, C.Y., Lee, J.H. and Paik, U.: Synthesis behavior and grain morphology in mullite ceramics with precursor pH and sintering temperature. J. Mater. Res. 18, 81 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Lee, J.E., Kim, J.W., Jung, Y.G. and Paik, U.: Effects of precursor pH and composition on the grain morphology and size of mullite ceramics in aqueous system. Mater. Lett. 57, 3239 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Anilkumar, G.M., Mukundan, P., Damodaran, A.D. and Warrier, K.G.W.: Effect of precursor pH on the formation characteristics of sol-gel mullite. Mater. Lett. 33, 117 (1997).Google Scholar
11Sinko, K., Mezei, R. and Zrinyi, M.: Gelation of aluminosilicate systems under different chemical conditions. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 21, 147 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Cassidy, D.J., Woolfrey, J.L., Bartlett, J.R. and Ben-Nissan, B.: The effect of precursor chemistry on the crystallization and densification of sol-gel derived mullite gels and powders. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 10, 19 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Hernandez, C. and Pierre, A.C.: Evolution of the texture and structure of SiO2-Al2O3 xerogels and aerogels as a function of the Si to Al molar ratio. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 20, 227 (2001).Google Scholar
14Schmucker, M. and Schneider, H.: Structural development of single phase (Type I) mullite gels. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 15, 191 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Voll, D., Beran, A. and Schneider, H.: Temperature-dependent dehydration of sol-gel-derived mullite precursors: An FTIR spectroscopic study. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 18, 1101 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Sales, M. and Alarcón, J.: Synthesis and phase transformations of mullites obtained from SiO2-Al2O3 gels. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 16, 781 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Jin, X.H., Gao, L. and Guo, J.K.: The structural change in diphasic mullite gel studied by XRD and FTIR spectrum analysis. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 22, 1307 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Aelion, R., Loebel, A. and Eirich, F.: Hydrolysis of ethyl silicate. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 5705 (1950).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Aelion, R., Loebel, A. and Eirich, F.: Recueil Travaux Chimiques. 69, 61 (1950).Google Scholar
20Satoshi, S., Contreras, C., Juárez, H., Aguilera, A. and Serrato, J.: Homogeneous precipitation and thermal phase transformation of mullite ceramic precursor. Inter. J. Inorg. Mater. 3, 625 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Satoshi, S. and Contreras, C.: Fine pure mullite powder by homogeneous precipitation. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 18, 1145 (1998).Google Scholar
22Kara, F. and Little, J.A.: Sintering of pre-mullite powder obtained by chemical-processing. J. Mater. Sci. 28, 1323 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Shinga, H., Ismail, M.G.M.U. and Katayama, K.: Sintering of ZrO2 toughened mullite ceramics and its microstructure. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 99, 798 (1991).Google Scholar
24Schneider, H., Okada, K. and Pask, J.A.: Mullite and Mullite Ceramics (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1994)Google Scholar
25Song, K.C.: Preparation of mullite fibers from aluminum isopropoxide-aluminum nitrate-tetraethylorithosilicate solutions by sol-gel method. Mater. Lett. 35, 290 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Livage, J., Henry, M. and Sanchez, C.: Sol-gel chemistry of transition-metal oxides. Solid State Chem. 18, 259 (1989).Google Scholar
27Livage, J. and Henry, M. in Ultrastructure Processing of Advanced Ceramics (Wiley, New York, 1988), p. 183Google Scholar
28Jayme, I., Douy, A. and Massiot, D.: Synthesis of a mullite precursor from aluminum nitride and tetraethoxysilane via aqueous homogeneous precipitation—an Al-27 and Si-29 liquid-state and solid-state NMR spectroscopy study. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78, 2648 (1995).Google Scholar
29Okada, K. and Tsuka, N.: Characterization of the spinel phase from SiO2-Al2O3 xerogels and the formation process of mullite. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 69, 652 (1986).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30Leonard, A., Suzuki, S., Fripiat, J.J. and De Kimpe, C.: Structure and properties of amorphous silicoaluminas. I. Structure from X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. 68, 2608 (1964).Google Scholar
31Brinker, C.J. and Scherer, G.W.: Sol-Gel Science (Academic Press, 1990), pp. 108–151Google Scholar
32Ellis, A.B., Geselbracht, M.J., Johonson, B.J., Lisensky, G.C. and Robinson, W.R.Teaching General Chemistry (A Mater. Sci. Comp., Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC., 1993), p. 461Google Scholar
33 Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 64th ed., (CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1983), p. B-66.Google Scholar