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Microstructural evolution of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 thin films prepared by hybrid metallo-organic decomposition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

B.A. Tuttle ,
T.J. Headley ,
B.C. Bunker ,
R.W. Schwartz ,
T.J. Zender ,
C.L. Hernandez ,
D.C. Goodnow ,
R.J. Tissot ,
J. Michael  and
A.H. Carim
B.A. Tuttle
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
T.J. Headley
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
B.C. Bunker
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
R.W. Schwartz
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
T.J. Zender
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
C.L. Hernandez
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
D.C. Goodnow
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
R.J. Tissot
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
J. Michael
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratory, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
A.H. Carim
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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Abstract

We report on the microstructural analyses of chemically prepared Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 (PZT 53/47) films. Although several techniques were used to analyze films, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was emphasized. Phase evolution of these films, fabricated using hybrid metallo-organic decomposition (HMD), was determined by processing films at temperatures ranging from 500 °C to 650 °C. Our films, when observed with an optical microscope, appeared to consist of two distinct phases: (1) a featureless matrix and (2) 1–2 μm diameter “rosettes”. PZT films fired at 500 °C consisted of a pyrochlore containing phase (featureless matrix) and contained no perovskite, whereas films fired at 600 °C were ferroelectric and were approximately 90% perovskite (rosettes) by volume. Our TEM analysis showed that the pyrochlore-containing phase consisted of interpenetrating nanocrystalline pyrochlore and amorphous phases, both with dimensions on the order of 5 nm. For PZT films processed at 650 °C, the perovskite phase was observed in two forms: (1) large (≍2 μm) rosette structures containing 30 nm pores and (2) dense equiaxed particles on the order of 100 nm. We propose that phase evolution—with increasing temperature of HMD PZT 53/47 films—consists of the following steps: (1) phase separation, probably occurring in solution, (2) pyrochlore crystallization, (3) heterogeneous nucleation of perovskite PZT, and (4) homogeneous nucleation of perovskite PZT.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 7 , Issue 7 , July 1992 , pp. 1876 - 1882
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1992

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