Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T02:44:48.120Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Microstructural Evolution in Nanocrystalline Ni Coatings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

M. L. Lau ,
J. He ,
A. J. Melmed ,
T. A. Lusby ,
R. Schweinfest ,
M. Rühle  and
E. J. Lavernia
M. L. Lau
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697–2575
J. He
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697–2575
A. J. Melmed
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218–2689
T. A. Lusby
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218–2689
R. Schweinfest
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institute für Metallforschung, Seestrasse 92, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany
M. Rühle
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institute für Metallforschung, Seestrasse 92, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany
E. J. Lavernia
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697–2575
Get access

Extract

Gas-atomized Ni powders were mechanically milled under liquid nitrogen and subsequently sprayed using a high-velocity oxygen-fuel thermal spraying system. The resultant coatings were evaluated using various analytical methods, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy, and atom probe field ion microscopy (APFIM). The results indicated that the majority of the grains in nanocrystalline Ni coating were equiaxed with an average grain size of 50 ± 23 nm. SEM elemental dot mapping analysis suggested that oxide particles were distributed along the prior droplet boundaries and interpass boundaries in the coatings. The APFIM analysis indicated that the distribution of oxygen was very inhomogeneous in the nanocrystalline coating samples studied. Mostly small NiO precipitates with a size range of 1–7 nm were found throughout the grains, and the average size of these precipitates was approximately 4 nm. However, large oxide precipitates with a size up to 55 nm were also observed. In addition, increased amounts of oxygen were found at the grain boundaries and at structural defects.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 17 , Issue 5 , May 2002 , pp. 1041 - 1049
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Suryanarayana, C., Int. Mat. Rev. 40, 41 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Siegel, R.W., in Processing and Properties of Nanocrystalline Materials, edited by Suryanarayana, C., Singh, J., and Froes, F.H. (TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1996), pp. 3–10.Google Scholar
3.Tellkamp, V., Lau, M., Fabel, A., and Lavernia, E.J., NanoStruct. Mater. 9, 489 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Jiang, H.G., Lau, M.L., and Lavernia, E.J., J. Therm. Spray Technol. 7, 435 (1998).Google Scholar
5.Jiang, H.G., Lau, M.L., and Lavernia, E.J., in Thermal Spray: Meeting the Challenges of the 21st Century: Proceedings of the 15th International Thermal Spray Conference, edited by Coddet, C. (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1998), pp. 1265–1269.Google Scholar
6.Jiang, H.G., Lau, M.L., and Lavernia, E.J., J. Therm. Spray Technol. 7, 436 (1998).Google Scholar
7.Lau, M.L., Jiang, H.G., and Lavernia, E.J., in Thermal Spray: Meeting the Challenges of the 21st Century: Proceedings of the 15th International Spray Conference, edited by Coddet, C. (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1998), pp. 379–384.Google Scholar
8.Kear, B.H. and Strutt, P.R., Naval Reg. Rev. 4, 4 (1994).Google Scholar
9.Kear, B.H., Skandan, G., and Sadangi, R., J. Therm. Spray Technol. 7, 412 (1998).Google Scholar
10.He, J., Ice, M., Dallek, S., and Lavernia, E.J., Metall. Mater. Trans. A 31A, 541 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.He, J., Ice, M., Dallek, S., and Lavernia, E.J., Metall. Mater. Trans. A 31A, 555 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Lau, M.L., Jiang, H.G., Nuchter, W., and Lavernia, E.J., Phys. Status Solidi A 166, 257 (1998).3.0.CO;2-J>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Benjamin, J.S. and Volin, T.E., Metall. Trans. 5, 1929 (1974).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Luton, M.J., Jayanth, C.S., Disko, M.M., Matras, S., and Vallone, J., in Multicomponent Ultrafine Microstructures, edited by McCandlish, L.C., Polk, D.C., Siegel, R.W., and Kear, B.H. (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 132, Pittsburgh, PA, 1989), pp. 79–86.Google Scholar
15.Whittenberger, J.D. and Luton, M.J., J. Mater. Res. 10, 1171 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.He, J., Ajdelsztajn, L., and Lavernia, E.J., J. Mater. Res. (2001, in press).Google Scholar
17.Hayes, R.W., Tellkamp, V., and Lavernia, E.J., J. Mater. Res. 15, 2215 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Zoz, H., Ren, H., Reichardt, R., and Benz, H.U., P/M Sci. Technol. Briefs 1, 15 (1999).Google Scholar
19.Gilman, P.S. and Benjamin, J.S., in Annual Review of Materials Science, edited by Huggins, R.A., Bube, R.H., and Vermilyea, D.A. (Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, CA, 1983), pp. 279–300.Google Scholar
20.Koch, C.C., Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 19, 121 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Murty, B.S. and Ranganathan, S., Int. Mater. Rev. 43, 101 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Hellstern, E., Fecht, H.J., Garland, C., and Johnson, W.L., J. Appl. Phys. 65, 305 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Fecht, H.J., Nanostruct. Mater. 6, 33 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Eckert, J., Holzer, J.C., Kill, C.E. III, and Johnson, W.L., J. Mater. Res. 7, 1751 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.He, J. and Lavernia, E.J., J. Mater. Res. 16, 2724 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Pawlowski, L., The Science and Engineering of Thermal Spray Coatings (John Wiley & Sons, United Kingdom, 1995), p. 124.Google Scholar
27.Miller, M.K., Cerezo, A., Hetherington, M.G., and Smith, G.D.W., Atom Probe Field Ion Microscopy, (Clarendon, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28.Smith, M.F., Dykhuizen, R.C., and Neiser, R.A., in Thermal Spray: A United Forum for Scientific and Technological Advances, edited by Berndt, C.C. (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1997), pp. 885–893.Google Scholar
29.Sobolev, V.V., Guilemany, J.M., Nutting, J., and Miquel, J.R., Int. Mater. Rev. 42, 117 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Scharwaechter, P., Wimmer, M., Wurschum, R., Plachke, D., and Carstanjen, H.D., Nanostruct. Mater. 11, 37 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31.Vardelle, A., Fauchais, P., and Themelis, N.J., in Advances in Thermal Spray Science & Technology, edited by Berndt, C.C. and Sampath, S. (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1995), pp. 175–180.Google Scholar
32.Sobolev, V.V., Guilemany, J.M., and Martin, A.J., in Proceedings of the 15th International Thermal Spray Conference, edited by Coddet, C. (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1998), pp. 503–510.Google Scholar