Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T23:18:01.206Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The kinetics and microstructural evolution during metadynamic recrystallization of medium carbon Cr–Ni–Mo alloyed steel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2017

Chi Zhang
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; and State Key Lab of Rolling Technologies and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Liwen Zhang*
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Wenfei Shen
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Yingnan Xia
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The metadynamic recrystallization (MDRX) behavior of a medium carbon Cr–Ni–Mo alloyed steel 34CrNiMo was investigated using two-stage hot compression test on a Gleeble thermal-mechanical simulator in the temperature range of 1273–1423 K, strain rate range of 0.1–5.0 s−1, and interval times of 0.5–5 s. The softening of the flow stress at the second stage of compression and microstructure observation confirm the occurrence of MDRX at the elevated temperatures within very short interval time. Then the MDRX softening fraction was calculated based on the flow stress curves. The results indicate that the MDRX softening fraction increased with increasing interval time, deformation temperature, and strain rate. The kinetics of MDRX softening behavior was established using Avrami equation and the apparent activation energy of MDRX for 34CrNiMo steel was evaluated as 93 kJ/mol. The predicted results show good agreements with the experimental ones, indicating the efficiency of proposed kinetics equation.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Jürgen Eckert

References

REFERENCES

Jin, X., Rong, Y., and Zhong, X.: Wind turbine manufacturing industry in China: Current situation and problems. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 33, 729 (2014).Google Scholar
Tsai, N-C. and Chiang, C-W.: Spindle position regulation for wind power generators. Mech Syst Signal Process. 24(3), 873 (2010).Google Scholar
Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Shen, W., Liu, C., Xia, Y., and Li, R.: Study on constitutive modeling and processing maps for hot deformation of medium carbon Cr–Ni–Mo alloyed steel. Mater. Des. 90, 804 (2016).Google Scholar
Sakai, T., Ohashi, M., Chiba, K., and Jonas, J.J.: Recovery and recrystallization of polycrystalline nickel after hot working. Acta Metall. 36(7), 1781 (1988).Google Scholar
Petkovic, R.A., Luton, M.J., and Jonas, J.J.: Recovery and recrystallization of carbon steel between intervals of hot working. Can. Metall. Q. 14(2), 137 (1975).Google Scholar
Elwazri, A.M., Essadiqi, E., and Yue, S.: Kinetics of metadynamic recrystallization in microalloyed hypereutectoid steels. ISIJ Int. 44(4), 744 (2004).Google Scholar
Uranga, P., Fernández, A.I., López, B., and Rodriguez-Ibabe, J.M.: Transition between static and metadynamic recrystallization kinetics in coarse Nb microalloyed austenite. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 345(1–2), 319 (2003).Google Scholar
Elwazri, A.M., Wanjara, P., and Yue, S.: Metadynamic and static recrystallization of hypereutectoid steel. ISIJ Int. 43(7), 1080 (2003).Google Scholar
Lin, Y.C., Chen, M.S., and Zhong, J.: Study of metadynamic recrystallization behaviors in a low alloy steel. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 209(5), 2477 (2009).Google Scholar
Lin, Y.C. and Chen, M.S.: Study of microstructural evolution during metadynamic recrystallization in a low-alloy steel. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 501(1–2), 229 (2009).Google Scholar
Liu, Y.G., Liu, J., Li, M.Q., and Lin, H.: The study on kinetics of static recrystallization in the two-stage isothermal compression of 300M steel. Comput. Mater. Sci. 84(0), 115 (2014).Google Scholar
Liu, Y.G., Li, M.Q., and Luo, J.: The modelling of dynamic recrystallization in the isothermal compression of 300M steel. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 574, 1 (2013).Google Scholar
Liu, J., Liu, Y.G., Lin, H., and Li, M.Q.: The metadynamic recrystallization in the two-stage isothermal compression of 300M steel. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 565(0), 126 (2013).Google Scholar
Chen, F., Cui, Z., Sui, D., and Fu, B.: Recrystallization of 30Cr2Ni4MoV ultra-super-critical rotor steel during hot deformation. Part III: Metadynamic recrystallization. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 540(0), 46 (2012).Google Scholar
Sommitsch, C., Huber, D., and Stockinger, M.: Metadynamic recrystallization of the nickel-based superalloy Allvac 718Plus. Mater. Sci. Forum 638–642, 2327 (2010).Google Scholar
Medeiros, S.C., Prasad, Y.V.R.K., Frazier, W.G., and Srinivasan, R.: Microstructural modeling of metadynamic recrystallization in hot working of IN 718 superalloy. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 293(1–2), 198 (2000).Google Scholar
Bianchi, J.H. and Karjalainen, L.P.: Modelling of dynamic and metadynamic recrystallisation during bar rolling of a medium carbon spring steel. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 160(3), 267 (2005).Google Scholar
Zhou, L.X. and Baker, T.N.: Effects on dynamic and metadynamic recrystallization on microstructures of wrought IN-718 due to hot deformation. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 196(1–2), 89 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Shen, W., Liu, C., and Xia, Y.: The kinetics of metadynamic recrystallization in a Ni–Cr–Mo-based superalloy Hastelloy C-276. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 25(2), 545 (2016).Google Scholar
Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Xu, Q., Xia, Y., and Shen, W.: The kinetics and cellular automaton modeling of dynamic recrystallization behavior of a medium carbon Cr–Ni–Mo alloyed steel in hot working process. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 678, 33 (2016).Google Scholar
Sakai, T., Belyakov, A., Kaibyshev, R., Miura, H., and Jonas, J.J.: Dynamic and post-dynamic recrystallization under hot, cold and severe plastic deformation conditions. Prog. Mater. Sci. 60(0), 130 (2014).Google Scholar
Lin, Y.C., Li, L.T., and Xia, Y.C.: A new method to predict the metadynamic recrystallization behavior in 2124 aluminum alloy. Comput. Mater. Sci. 50(7), 2038 (2011).Google Scholar
Laasraoui, A. and Jonas, J.J.: Recrystallization of austenite after deformation at high temperatures and strain rates—analysis and modeling. Metall. Trans. A 22(1), 151 (1991).Google Scholar
Gu, S., Zhang, C., Zhang, L., and Shen, W.: Characteristics of metadynamic recrystallization of Nimonic 80A superalloy. J. Mater. Res. 30(4), 538 (2015).Google Scholar
Roucoules, C., Yue, S., and Jonas, J.J.: Effect of alloying elements on metadynamic recrystallization in HSLA steels. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 26(1), 181 (1995).Google Scholar
Lin, Y.C., Chen, X-M., Chen, M-S., Zhou, Y., Wen, D-X., and He, D-G.: A new method to predict the metadynamic recrystallization behavior in a typical nickel-based superalloy. Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 122(6), 601 (2016).Google Scholar
Shen, G., Semiatin, S.L., and Shivpuri, R.: Modeling microstructural development during the forging of Waspaloy. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 26(7), 1795 (1995).Google Scholar
Zahiri, S.H., Byon, S.M., Kim, S-I., Lee, Y., and Hodgson, P.D.: Static and metadynamic recrystallization of interstitial free steels during hot deformation. ISIJ Int. 44(11), 1918 (2004).Google Scholar
Dehghan-Manshadi, A., Jonas, J.J., Hodgson, P.D., and Barnett, M.R.: Correlation between the deformation and post-deformation softening behaviours in hot worked austenite. ISIJ Int. 48(2), 208 (2008).Google Scholar
Sellars, C.M. and Whiteman, J.A.: Recrystallization and grain growth in hot rolling. Met. Sci. 13(3–4), 187 (1979).Google Scholar