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Germanium–single-wall carbon nanotube anodes for lithium ion batteries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Roberta A. DiLeo ,
Matthew J. Ganter ,
Brian J. Landi  and
Ryne P. Raffaelle
Roberta A. DiLeo
Affiliation:
Department of Microsystems Engineering and NanoPower Research Laboratories, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623
Matthew J. Ganter
Affiliation:
NanoPower Research Laboratories and Golisano Institute for Sustainability, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623
Brian J. Landi*
Affiliation:
NanoPower Research Laboratories, Golisano Institute for Sustainability, and Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623
Ryne P. Raffaelle
Affiliation:
Department of Microsystems Engineering, NanoPower Research Laboratories, Golisano Institute for Sustainability, and Department of Physics, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

High-capacity thin-film germanium was coupled with free-standing single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) current collectors as a novel lithium ion battery anode. A series of Ge–SWCNT compositions were fabricated and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The lithium ion storage capacities of the anodes were measured to be proportional to the Ge weight loading, with a 40 wt% Ge–SWCNT electrode measuring 800 mAh/g. Full batteries comprising a Ge–SWCNT anode in concert with a LiCoO2 cathode have demonstrated a nominal voltage of 3.35 V and anode energy densities 3× the conventional graphite-based value. The higher observed energy density for Ge–SWCNT anodes has been used to calculate the relative improvement in full battery performance when capacity matched with conventional cathodes (e.g., LiCoO2, LiNiCoAlO2, and LiFePO4). The results show a >50% increase in both specific and volumetric energy densities, with values approaching 275 Wh/kg and 700 Wh/L.

Keywords

NanostructureEnergy storageRaman spectroscopy
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 25 , Issue 8: Materials for Electrical Energy Storage , August 2010 , pp. 1441 - 1446
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

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