Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T15:43:59.805Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A four-point bending technique for studying subcritical crack growth in thin films and at interfaces

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Qing Ma
Affiliation:
Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, California 95052
Get access

Abstract

A technique was developed to obtain the subcritical crack growth velocity in a 4-point bending sample by analyzing the load-displacement curve. This was based on the observation that the compliance of a beam increases as the crack grows. Beam theory was used to analyze the general configuration where two cracks propagated in the opposite directions. A simple equation relating the crack velocity to the load and displacement was established, taking advantage of the fact that the compliance was linearly proportional to the crack lengths; thus the absolute crack length was not important. Two methods of obtaining crack velocity as a function of load were demonstrated. First, by analyzing a load-displacement curve, a corresponding velocity curve was obtained. Second, by changing the displacement rate and measuring the corresponding plateau load, a velocity value was calculated for each plateau load. While the former was capable of obtaining the dependence of crack velocity versus load from a single test, the latter was found to be simpler and more consistent. Applications were made to a CVD SiO2 system. In both cases of crack propagation either inside the SiO2 layer or along its interface with a TiN layer, the crack growth velocity changed with the stress intensity at the crack tip exponentially. As a result, a small crack will grow larger under essentially any tensile stresses typically existing in devices, provided that chemical agents facilitating stress corrosion mechanisms are also present.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Michalske, T. A. and Bunker, B. C., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 76, 2613 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Ma, Q., Fujimoto, H., Flinn, P., Jain, V., Adibi-Rizi, F., Moghadam, F., and Dauskardt, R. H., in Materials Reliability in Microelectronics V, edited by Oates, A. S., Filter, W. F., Rosenberg, R., Greer, A. L., and Gadepally, K. (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 391, Pittsburgh, PA, 1995), pp. 9196.Google Scholar
3.Charalambides, P. G., Cao, H. C., Lund, J., and Evans, A. G., Mechanics of Materials 8, 269 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Charalambides, P. G., Lund, J., Evans, A. G., and McMeeking, R. M., J. Appl. Mech. 111, 77 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Turner, M. R., Dalgleish, B. J., He, M. Y., and Evans, A. G., Acta Metall. Mater. 43, 3459 (1995).Google Scholar
6.Cannon, R. M., Dalgleish, B. J., Dauskardt, R. H., Oh, T. S., and Ritchie, R. O., Acta Metall. Mater. 39, 2145 (1991).Google Scholar