Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T04:27:02.542Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Focusing effect of electromagnetic fields and its influence on sintering during the microwave processing of metallic particles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2015

Yongcun Li
Affiliation:
College of Mechanics, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Material Strength & Structural Impact, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
Feng Xu*
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
Xiaofang Hu
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
Yunbo Luan
Affiliation:
College of Mechanics, Shanxi Key Lab of Material Strength & Structural Impact, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
Zhijun Han
Affiliation:
College of Mechanics, Shanxi Key Lab of Material Strength & Structural Impact, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
Zhiyong Wang
Affiliation:
College of Mechanics, Shanxi Key Lab of Material Strength & Structural Impact, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Microwave sintering is a novel and efficient technology for the rapid preparation of metallic materials. In this paper, an investigation has been performed on the distribution of microwave electromagnetic fields in a metallic particle system and its influence on sintering behavior. The results show that the microstructure of the “metallic-void” will induce a nonuniform distribution and focusing effect of electromagnetic fields during microwave processing, which may accelerate the sintering process. However, further study shows that the focusing effect will decline as the neck grows larger, and will also decline from outside to inside within the loosely packed powder system, which will result in the slowdown of the sintering rate. These results were supported by the synchrotron radiation computed tomography experimental observation of the microstructure evolution of metallic powders during an entire uninterrupted microwave sintering process.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Yadoji, P., Peelamedu, R., Agrawal, D., and Roy, R.: Microwave sintering of Ni-Zn ferrites: Comparison with conventional sintering. Mater. Sci. Eng., B 98, 269 (2003).Google Scholar
Agrawal, D.: Latest global developments in microwave materials processing. Mater. Res. Innovations 14(1), 3 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, D.E., Folz, D.C., and West, J.K.: Processing materials with microwave energy. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 287, 153 (2000).Google Scholar
Oghbaei, M. and Mirzaee, O.: Microwave versus conventional sintering: A review of fundamentals, advantages and applications. J. Alloys Compd. 494, 175 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menezes, R.R., Souto, P.M., and Kiminami, R.H.G.A.: Microwave hybrid fast sintering of porcelain bodies. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 190, 223 (2007).Google Scholar
Cheng, J., Agrawal, D., Zhang, Y., and Roy, R.: Microwave sintering of transparent alumina. Mater. Lett. 56, 587 (2002).Google Scholar
Roy, R., Agrawal, D., Cheng, J., and Gedevanishvili, Sh.: Full sintering of powdered-metal bodies in a microwave field. Nature 339, 668 (1999).Google Scholar
Wilson, B.A., Lee, K.Y., and Case, E.D.: Diffusive crack-healing behavior in polycrystalline alumina: A comparison between microwave annealing and conventional annealing. Mater. Res. Bull. 32(12), 1607 (1997).Google Scholar
Janney, M.A., Kimrey, H.D., Schmidt, M.A., and Kiggans, J.O.: Grain growth in microwave-annealed alumina. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 74(7), 1675 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janney, M.A., Kimrey, H.D., Allen, W.R., and Kiggans, J.O.: Enhanced diffusion in sapphire during microwave heating. J. Mater. Sci. 32, 1347 (1997).Google Scholar
Demirskyi, D., Agrawal, D., and Ragulya, A.: Neck growth kinetics during microwave sintering of nickel powder. J. Alloys Compd. 509(5), 1790 (2011).Google Scholar
Yoshikawa, N.: Fundamentals and applications of microwave heating of metals. J. Microwave Power Electromagn. Energy 44(1), 4 (2010).Google Scholar
Demirskyi, D., Agrawal, D., and Ragulya, A.: Neck growth kinetics during microwave sintering of copper. Scr. Mater. 62, 552 (2010).Google Scholar
Demirskyi, D., Agrawal, D., and Ragulya, A.: Neck formation between copper spherical particles under single-mode and multimode microwave sintering. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 527, 2142 (2010).Google Scholar
Saji, T.: Microwave Sintering of Large Products. In Microwave Processing of Materials V, Iskander, M.F., Kiggins, J.O. Jr., and Bolomey, J.C. eds.; Materials Research Society: Pittsburgh, PA, 1996.Google Scholar
Birnboim, A., Calame, J.P., and Carmel, Y.: Microfocusing and polarization effects in spherical neck ceramic microstructures during microwave. J. Appl. Phys. 85, 478 (1999).Google Scholar
Ma, J., Diehl, J.F., Johnson, E.J., Martin, K.R., Miskovsky, N.M., Smith, C.T., Weisel, G.J., Weiss, B.L., and Zimmerman, D.T.: Systematic study of microwave absorption, heating and microstructure evolution of porous copper powder metal compacts. J. Appl. Phys. 101, 074906 (2007).Google Scholar
Galek, T., Porath, K., Burkel, E., and van Rienen, U.: Extraction of effective permittivity and permeability of metallic powders in the microwave range. Modell. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 18, 025015 (2010).Google Scholar
Cheng, J., Roy, R., and Agrawal, D.: Radically different effects on materials by separated microwave electric and magnetic fields. Mater. Res. Innovations 5, 170 (2002).Google Scholar
Rybakov, K.I., Semenov, V.E., Egorov, S.V., Eremeev, A.G., Plotnikov, I.V., and Bykov, Yu.V.: Microwave heating of conductive powder materials. J. Appl. Phys. 99, 023506 (2006).Google Scholar
Roy, R., Peelamedu, P.D., Hurtt, L., Cheng, J.P., and Agrawal, D.: Definitive experimental evidence for microwave effects: Radically new effects of separated E and H fields, such as decrystallization of oxides in seconds. Mater. Res. Innovations 6, 128 (2002).Google Scholar
Xu, F., Li, Y., Hu, X., Niu, Y., Zhao, J., and Zhang, Z.: In situ investigation of metal's microwave sintering. Mater. Lett. 67, 162 (2012).Google Scholar
Li, X. and Hu, X.F.: Synchrotron radiation tomography for reconstruction of layer structures and internal damage of composite material. Chin. J. Lasers, B B8(6), 503 (1999).Google Scholar
Rybakov, K.I., Olevsky, E.A., and Krikun, E.V.: Microwave sintering: Fundamentals and modeling. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 96(4), 1003 (2013).Google Scholar