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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 January 2011
Hydrogen implanted into ceramic YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) with a dose of 1 × 1017 H+ cm−2 started to effuse as molecular hydrogen from the YBCO to atmosphere at a temperature of 200 °C, effuse predominantly as water by reacting with oxygen at temperatures of 300–700 °C, and again effuse as molecular hydrogen at temperatures above 800 °C. The improvement of the superconducting properties of the proton implanted YBCO occurred at annealing temperatures for which implanted hydrogen effused predominantly as water by reacting with oxygen.