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The effects of the atmosphere on the surface modification of alumina by pulsed-laser-irradiation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Siqi Cao ,
A. J. Pedraza ,
L. F. Allard  and
D. H. Lowndes
Siqi Cao
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996–2200
A. J. Pedraza
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996–2200
L. F. Allard
Affiliation:
High Temperature Materials Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
D. H. Lowndes
Affiliation:
Solid State Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831–6056
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Abstract

A near-surface thin layer is melted when alumina is pulsed-laser-irradiated in an Ar–4% H2 atmosphere or in air. A thin layer of amorphous phase forms when the substrates are irradiated in Ar–4% H2 at 1 to 1.3 J/cm2 with multiple laser pulses. Amorphous phase is also found in samples laser-irradiated in air and oxygen. After a laser pulse at an energy density of 1.6 J/cm2 or higher the melt solidifies epitaxially from the unmelted substrate with a cellular microstructure. There is a decrease in the cooling rate of the melt as the laser energy density is increased because more heat must be dissipated. The amorphous phase forms when the heat input due to the laser pulse produces a superheated melt that cools down sufficiently fast to avoid crystallization. Very small particles of aluminum in the laser-melted and subsequently solidified layer are observed only in samples laser-irradiated in an Ar–4% H2 atmosphere. In this reducing atmosphere, the alumina is possibly reduced to metallic aluminum which is mixed into the melt by the turbulence provoked by the laser pulses. The effects of these metallic particles on copper deposition when the irradiated substrates are immersed in an electroless bath are discussed.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 12 , Issue 7 , July 1997 , pp. 1747 - 1754
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1997

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