Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T04:51:32.302Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Effect of experimental parameters and (Fe, Ni) doping on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of sol–gel dip-coated SnO2 films

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 April 2017

Salima Benkara*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Active Components and Materials, Larbi Ben M'Hidi University, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria; and Electrical Engineering Department, Larbi Ben M’hidi University, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
Houda Ghamri
Affiliation:
Physic Department, Hadj Lakhdar University, Batna 05000, Algeria
Djamil Rechem
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Active Components and Materials, Larbi Ben M'Hidi University, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria; and Electrical Engineering Department, Larbi Ben M’hidi University, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
Mourad Zaabat
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Active Components and Materials, Larbi Ben M'Hidi University, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

A pure and (Fe–Ni) doped tin oxide thin films were formed on glass substrates by sol–gel dip coating method. Some characterization techniques are used as X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the effect of method conditions and dopants on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of thin films. According to XRD results, no phase attributed to Fe or Ni were detected, which suggests the incorporation of Fe and Ni in SnO2 network. All the diffraction peaks can be assigned as rutile phase of pure SnO2 except (111) is attributed to cubic phase. The optic analyses have shown an average transmittance between 70 and 90%, and showed a direct band gap reducing with increase in Fe doping (3.82–3.72 eV) and Ni content (3.82–3.69 eV). AFM images have revealed that surface roughness is affected strongly by deposition conditions and dopant contents.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Winston V. Schoenfeld

References

REFERENCES

Snaith, H.J. and Ducati, C.: SnO2-based dye-sensitized hybrid solar cells exhibiting near unity absorbed photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. Nano Lett. 10, 1259 (2010).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rani, S., Roy, S.C., and Bhatnagar, M.C.: Effect of Fe doping on the gas sensing properties of nano-crystalline SnO2 thin films. Sens. Actuators, B 122, 204 (2007).Google Scholar
Feng, G.U., Wang, S.F., Lu, M.K., Qi, Y.X., Zhou, G.J., Xu, D., and Yuan, D.R.: Luminescent characteristics of Eu3+ in SnO2 nanoparticles. Opt. Mater. 25, 59 (2004).Google Scholar
Wang, H., Sun, F., Zhang, Y., Li, L., Chen, H., Wu, Q., and Yu, J.C.: Photochemical growth of nanoporous SnO2 at the air–water interface and its high photocatalytic activity. J. Mater. Chem. 20, 5641 (2010).Google Scholar
Gu, F., Wang, S.F., , M.K., Zhou, G.J., Xu, D., and Yuan, D.R.: Photoluminescence properties of SnO2 nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel method. J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 8119 (2004).Google Scholar
Wang, Y., Ma, J., Ji, F., Yu, X., and Ma, H.: Structural and photoluminescence characters of SnO2:Sb films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering. J. Lumin. 114, 71 (2005).Google Scholar
Elangovan, E., Shivashankar, S.A., and Ramamurthi, K.: Studies on structural and electrical properties of sprayed SnO2:Sb films. J. Cryst. Growth 276, 215 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cabrera, A.F., Navarro, A.M.M., Torres, C., and Sánchez, F.H.: Mechanosynthesis of Fe-doped SnO2 nanoparticles. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 398, 215 (2007).Google Scholar
Adhikari, R., Das, A.K., Karmakar, D., Rao, T.V.C., and Ghatak, J.: Structure and magnetism of Fe-doped SnO2 nanoparticles. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 78, 024404 (2008).Google Scholar
Chikhale, L.P., Patil, J.Y., Rajgure, A.V., Shaikh, F.I., Mulla, I.S., and Suryavanshi, S.S.: Co-precipitation synthesis of nanocrystalline SnO2: Effect of Fe doping on structural, morphological and ethanol vapor response properties. Measurement 57, 46 (2014).Google Scholar
Bhise, A.B., Late, D.J., Sathe, B.R., and More, M.A.: Field emission investigation of single Fe-doped SnO2 wire. Solid State Sci. 11, 1114 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seo, M., Akutsu, Y., and Kagemoto, H.: Preparation and properties of Sb-doped SnO2/metal substrates by sol–gel and dip coating. Ceram. Int. 33, 625 (2007).Google Scholar
Subramanyam, K., Sreelekha, N., Murali, G., Amaranatha, R.D., and Vijayalakshmi, R.P.: Structural, optical and magnetic properties of Cr doped SnO2 nanoparticles stabilized with polyethylene glycol. Phys. B 454, 86 (2014).Google Scholar
Sumaira, M., Shahnawaze, A.M., and Alimuddin, : Structural, electrical and magnetic properties of (Fe, Co) co-doped SnO2 diluted magnetic semiconductor nanostructures. Phys. E 65, 84 (2015).Google Scholar
Sathyaseelan, B., Senthilnathan, K., Alagesan, T., Jayavel, R., and Sivakumar, K.: A study on structural and optical properties of Mn- and Co-doped SnO2 nanocrystallites. Mater. Chem. Phys. 124, 1046 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caglar, M. and Cemil Atar, K.: Effect of both deposition temperature and indium doping on the properties of sol–gel dip-coated SnO2 films. Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 96, 882 (2012).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aditya, S., Mayora, V., Shalendra, K., Verma, K.D., and Ravi, K.: Magnetic properties of Fe and Ni doped SnO2 nanoparticles. Nanomater. Nanotechnol. 1, 29 (2011).Google Scholar
Vasiliev, R.B., Rumyantseva, M.N., Yakovlev, N.V., and Gaskov, A.M.: CuO/SnO2 thin film heterostructures as chemical sensors to H2S. Sens. Actuators, B 50, 186 (1998).Google Scholar
Shi, L., Bao, K., Cao, J., and Qian, Y.: Controlled fabrication of SnO2 solid and hollow nanocubes with a simple hydrothermal route. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 152511 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tong, M.S., Dai, G.R., and Gao, D.S.: Gas-sensing properties of PdO-modified SnO2–Fe2O3 double-layer thin-film sensor prepared by PECVD technique. Vacuum 59, 877 (2000).Google Scholar
Ang, G.T., Toh, G.H., Abu Bakar, M.Z., Abdullah, A.Z., and Othman, M.R.: High sensitivity and fast response SnO2 and La-SnO2 catalytic pellet sensors in detecting volatile organic compounds. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 89, 186 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brinzari, V., Korotcenkov, G., Golovanov, V., Schwank, J., Lantto, V., and Saukko, S.: Morphological rank of nano-scale tin dioxide films deposited by spray pyrolysis from SnCl4_5H2O water solution. Thin Solid Films 408, 51 (2002).Google Scholar
Bagheri-Mohagheghi, M.M., Shahtahmasebi, N., Alinejad, M.R., Youssefi, A., and Youssefi, M.: The effect of the post-annealing temperature on the nano-structure and energy band gap of SnO2 semiconducting oxide nano-particles synthesized by polymerizing–complexing sol–gel method. Phys. B 403, 2431 (2008).Google Scholar
Vadivel, K., Arivazhagan, V., and Rajesh, S.: Room temperature ferromagnetism of Ni implanted SnO2 nanopowders. Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res. 1, 492 (2011).Google Scholar
Patterson, A.L.: The Scherer formula for X-ray particle size determination. Phys. Rev. 56, 978 (1939).Google Scholar
Nomura, K., Okabayashi, J., Okamura, K., and Yamada, Y.: Magnetic properties of Fe and Co codoped SnO2 prepared by sol–gel method. J. Appl. Phys. 110, 083901 (2011).Google Scholar
Khan, Z.R., Khan, M.S., Zulfequar, M., and Khan, M.S.: Optical and structural properties of ZnO thin films fabricated by sol–gel method. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2, 340 (2011).Google Scholar
Pan, Z., Zhang, P., Tian, X., Cheng, G., Xie, Y., Zhang, H., Zeng, X., Xiao, C., Hu, G., and Wei, Z.: Properties of fluorine and tin co-doped ZnO thin films deposited by sol–gel method. J. Alloys Compd. 576, 31 (2013).Google Scholar
Xu, L. and Li, X.: Influence of Fe-doping on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films prepared by sol–gel method. J. Cryst. Growth 312, 851 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J.H. and Park, B.O.: Transparent conducting ZnO: Al, in and Sn thin films deposited by the sol–gel method. Thin Solid Films 426, 94 (2003).Google Scholar
Tariq, A.D. and Karrar, A.A.: Effect of doping by Mg on the optical and structural properties of SnO2 nanoparticles. Int. J. Adv. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2, 857 (2015).Google Scholar
Lekshmy, S.S., Daniel, G.P., and Joy, K.: Microstructure and physical properties of sol gel derived SnO2:Sb thin films for optoelectronic applications. Appl. Surf. Sci. 274, 95 (2013).Google Scholar
Moure-Flores, F., Guillén-Cervantes, A., and Nieto-Zepeda, K.E.: SnO2:F thin films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering: Effect of the SnF2 amount in the target on the physical properties. Rev. Mex. Fis. 59, 335 (2013).Google Scholar
Demet, T. and Bahattin, D.: The relationship between the doping levels and some physical properties of SnO2:F thin films spray-deposited on optical glass. Pramana 79, 137 (2012).Google Scholar
Khodja, S., Touam, T., Chelouche, A., and Boudjouan, F.: Effects of stabilizer ratio on structural, morphological, optical and waveguide properties of ZnO nano-structured thin films by a sol–gel process. Superlattices Microstruct. 75, 485 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martinez, D.Y.T., Perez, R.C., Delgado, G.T., and Angel, O.Z.: Structural, morphological, optical and photocatalytic characterization of ZnO–SnO2 thin films prepared by the sol–gel technique. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 235, 49 (2012).Google Scholar
Adawiya, J.H., Khalid, A.S., and Khaled, Z.Y.: Ag doped tin-oxide laser deposition (PLD). J. College. Education. 6th Conf. Phys. 3, 181 (2009).Google Scholar
Shajira, P.S., Junaid Bushiri, M., Nair, B.B., and Ganesh Chandra, P.V.: Energy band structure investigation of blue and green light emitting Mg doped SnO2 nanostructures synthesized by combustion method. J. Lumin. 145, 425 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J.H. and Park, B.O.: Transparent conducting ZnO:Al, In and Sn thin films deposited by the sol–gel method. Thin Solid Films 426, 94 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Znaidi, L.: Sol–gel-deposited ZnO thin films: A review. Mater. Sci. Eng., B 174, 18 (2010).Google Scholar
Salaken, S.M., Farzana, E., and Podder, J.: Effect of Fe-doping on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. J. Semicond. 34, 7 (2013).Google Scholar
Muiva, C.M., Sathiaraj, Y.S., and Maabong, K.: Effect of doping concentration on the properties of aluminium doped zinc oxide thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis for transparent electrode applications. Ceram. Int. 37, 555 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar