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Alternative etching methods to expand nanocasting, and use in the synthesis of hierarchically porous nickel oxide, zinc oxide, and copper monoliths

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2013

Amy J. Grano ,
Franchessa D. Sayler ,
Jan-Henrik Smått  and
Martin G. Bakker
Amy J. Grano
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336
Franchessa D. Sayler*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336
Jan-Henrik Smått
Affiliation:
Center for Functional Materials and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3-5, FIN-20500, Turku, Finland
Martin G. Bakker*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336
*
b)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Nanocasting into silica templates for preparation of mesoporous materials has up to now been limited to those metal oxides and metals that can withstand the harsh silica etching processes currently used. Two new methods of removing the silica template are reported, either by dissolving the silica in methanolic base or by dissolution in aqueous base under an external potential. The utility of these methods is demonstrated in the synthesis of hierarchically porous zinc oxide, nickel oxide, and copper monoliths that would dissolve or react using other template removal methods. The successful etching of monolithic zinc oxide using methanolic base etching can be explained by the reduced solubility of zinc oxide in methanol compared with an aqueous base, while it also reduces the formation of hydroxides when etching the nickel oxide and copper monoliths. Alternatively, the formation of highly soluble copper oxide/hydroxide can be avoided by holding the copper monolith at a sufficiently negative potential while etching with an aqueous base.

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Articles
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Journal of Materials Research , Volume 28 , Issue 17: Focus Issue: Advances in the Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Bulk Porous Materials , 14 September 2013 , pp. 2483 - 2489
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2013 

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