Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T21:56:17.276Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Synergy of palladium species and hydrogenation for enhanced photocatalytic activity of {001} facets dominant TiO2 nanosheets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2017

Zhipeng Lyu ,
Bing Liu ,
Ran Wang  and
Lihong Tian
Zhipeng Lyu
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China; and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organochemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applications of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
Bing Liu
Affiliation:
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organochemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applications of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
Ran Wang
Affiliation:
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organochemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applications of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
Lihong Tian*
Affiliation:
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organochemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applications of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

{001} facets dominant TiO2 nanosheets have attracted intensive attention in the photocatalytic field, due to their undercoordinated Ti5c centers, higher surface energy, and photocatalytic activity than those of any other low-energy facet. However, a fluorine-rich (001) surface is controversial to the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanocrystals. We have removed the surface F atoms bonding with Ti by hydrogenation method successfully, and found that {001} facets dominant TiO2 nanosheets without the terminated F atoms showed dramatic enhancement in the photocatalytic activity. Moreover, the clean (001) surface was more in favor of the deposition of PdO than the fluorine-rich surface, and the amorphous structure from the hydrogenation is beneficial to the reduction of PdCl42− to Pd nanoparticles. The PdO attached on {001} facets and the amorphous structure promoted the separation of charge carriers, and Pd nanoparticles transferred plasmonic-induced electrons to the conduction band of hydrogenated TiO2 under simulated solar irradiation. Thus, a significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity of Pd–H–TiO2 is achieved on degrading organic environmental pollution, due to the synergy of palladium species and hydrogenation on {001} facets exposed TiO2.

Keywords

{001} facets dominant TiO2palladium speciesphotocatalytichydrogenation
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 32 , Issue 14 , 28 July 2017 , pp. 2781 - 2789
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

b)

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Contributing Editor: Xiaobo Chen

References

REFERENCES

Hoffmann, M.R., Martin, S.T., Choi, W., and Bahnemannt, D.W.: Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chem. Rev. 69, 95 (1995).Google Scholar
Chen, X., Shen, S., Guo, L., and Mao, S.S.: Semiconductor-based photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Chem. Rev. 6503, 110 (2010).Google Scholar
Fujishima, A. and Honda, K.: Photolysis-decomposition of water at the surface of an irradiated semiconductor. Nature 37, 238 (1972).Google Scholar
Chen, X. and Selloni, A.: Introduction: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials. Chem. Rev. 9281, 114 (2014).Google Scholar
Chen, X. and Mao, S.S.: Titanium dioxide nanomaterials: Synthesis, properties, modifications, and applications. Chem. Rev. 2891, 107 (2007).Google Scholar
Chen, X. and Burda, C.: The electronic origin of the visible-light absorption properties of C-, N- and S-doped TiO2 nanomaterials. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 5018, 130 (2008).Google Scholar
Liu, F., Yan, X., Chen, X., Tian, L., Xia, Q., and Chen, X.: Mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles terminated with carbonate-like groups: Amorphous/crystalline structure and visible-light photocatalytic activity. Catal. Today 243, 264 (2016).Google Scholar
Lazzeri, M., Vittadini, A., and Selloni, A.: Structure and energetics of stoichiometric TiO2 anatase surfaces. Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 119901, 65 (2002).Google Scholar
Wang, Y., Sun, H., Tan, S., Feng, H., Cheng, Z., Zhao, J., Zhao, A., Wang, B., Luo, Y., Yang, J., and Hou, J.G.: Role of point defects on the reactivity of reconstructed anatase titanium dioxide (001) surface. Nat. Commun. 2214, 4 (2013).Google Scholar
Yang, H.G., Sun, H.S., Qiao, S.Z., Zou, J., Liu, G., Smith, S.C., Cheng, H.M., and Lu, G.Q.: Anatase TiO2 single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets. Nature 453, 638 (2008).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kuang, Q., Wang, X., Jiang, Z., Xie, Z., and Zheng, L.: High-energy-surface engineered metal oxide micro- and nanocrystallites and their applications. Acc. Chem. Res. 308, 47 (2014).Google Scholar
Kwon, S.G. and Hyeon, T.: Colloidal chemical synthesis and formation kinetics of uniformly sized nanocrystals of metals, oxides, and chalcogenides. Acc. Chem. Res. 1696, 41 (2008).Google Scholar
Xia, Y.N., Xiong, Y.J., Lim, B., and Skrabalak, S.E.: Shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals: Simple chemistry meets complex physics? Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 60, 48 (2009).Google Scholar
Han, X., Kuang, Q., Jin, M., Xie, Z., and Zheng, L.: Synthesis of titania nanosheets with a high percentage of exposed (001) facets and related photocatalytic properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 3152, 131 (2009).Google Scholar
Liu, G., Yang, H.G., Wang, X., Cheng, L., Pan, J., Lu, G.Q., and Cheng, H.M.: Visible light responsive nitrogen doped anatase TiO2 sheets with dominant {001} facets derived from TiN. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 12868, 131 (2009).Google Scholar
Selloni, A.: Crystal growth: Anatase shows its reactive side. Nat. Mater. 613, 7 (2008).Google Scholar
Liu, G., Sun, C., Yang, H.G., Smith, S.C., Wang, L., (Max) Lu, G.Q., and Cheng, H.M.: Nanosized anatase TiO2 single crystals for enhanced photocatalytic activity. Chem. Commun. 755, 46 (2010).Google Scholar
Han, X.G., Kuang, Q., Jin, M.S., Xie, Z.X., and Zheng, L.S.: Synthesis of titania nanosheets with a high percentage of exposed (001) facets and related photocatalytic properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 3152, 131 (2009).Google Scholar
Mrowetz, M. and Selli, E.: H2O2 evolution during the photocatalytic degradation of organic molecules on fluorinated TiO2 . New J. Chem. 108, 30 (2006).Google Scholar
Xiang, Q., Lv, K., and Yu, J.: Pivotal role of fluorine in enhanced photocatalytic activity of anatase TiO2 nanosheets with dominant (001) facets for the photocatalytic degradation of acetone in air. Appl. Catal., B 557, 96 (2010).Google Scholar
Zhang, H., Wang, Y., Liu, P., Han, Y., Yao, X., Zou, J., Cheng, H., and Zhao, H.: Anatase TiO2 crystal facet growth: Mechanistic role of hydrofluoric acid and photoelectrocatalytic activity. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2472, 3 (2011).Google Scholar
Zhang, J., Xi, J., and Ji, Z.: Mo + N codoped TiO2 sheets with dominant {001} facets for enhancing visible-light photocatalytic activity. J. Mater. Chem. 17700, 22 (2012).Google Scholar
Zhu, S., Liang, S., Gu, Q., Xie, L., Wang, J., Ding, Z., and Liu, P.: Effect of Au supported TiO2 with dominant exposed {001} facets on the visible-light photocatalytic activity. Appl. Catal., B 146, 119–120 (2012).Google Scholar
Xing, M.Y., Yang, B.X., Yu, H., Tian, B.Z., Bagwasi, S., Zhang, J.L., and Gong, X.Q.: Enhanced photocatalysis by Au nanoparticle loading on TiO2 single-crystal (001) and (110) facets. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 3910, 4 (2013).Google Scholar
Gu, L., Wang, J., Zou, Z., and Han, X.: Graphitic-C3N4-hybridized TiO2 nanosheets with reactive {001} facets to enhance the UV- and visible-light photocatalytic activity. J. Hazard. Mater. 216, 268 (2014).Google Scholar
Ong, W.J., Tan, L.L., Chai, S.P., Yong, S.T., and Mohamed, A.R.: Self-assembly of nitrogen-doped TiO2 with exposed {001} facets on a graphene scaffold as photo-active hybrid nanostructures for reduction of carbon dioxide to methane. Nano Res. 1528, 7 (2014).Google Scholar
Chen, X., Liu, L., Yu, P.Y., and Mao, S.S.: Increasing solar absorption for photocatalysis with black hydrogenated titanium dioxide nanocrystals. Science 746, 331 (2011).Google Scholar
Zhao, Z., Tan, H., Zhao, H., Lv, Y., Zhou, L.J., Song, Y., and Sun, Z.: Reduced TiO2 rutile nanorods with well-defined facets and their visible-light photocatalytic activity. Chem. Commun. 2755, 50 (2014).Google Scholar
Myung, S.T., Kikuchi, M., Yoon, C.S., Yashiro, H., Kim, S.J., Sun, Y.K., and Scrosati, B.: Black anatase titania enabling ultra high cycling rates for rechargeable lithium batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 2609, 6 (2013).Google Scholar
Wang, G., Wang, H., Ling, Y., Tang, Y., Yang, X., Fitzmorris, R.C., Wang, C., Zhang, J.Z., and Li, Y.: Hydrogen-treated TiO2 nanowire arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Nano Lett. 3026, 11 (2011).Google Scholar
Zheng, Z., Huang, B., Lu, J., Wang, Z., Qin, X., Zhang, X., Dai, Y., and Whangbo, M.H.: Hydrogenated titania: Synergy of surface modification and morphology improvement for enhanced photocatalytic activity. Chem. Commun. 5733, 48 (2012).Google Scholar
Wang, W., Ni, Y., Lu, C., and Xu, Z.: Hydrogenation of TiO2 nanosheets with exposed {001} facets for enhanced photocatalytic activity. RSC Adv. 8286, 2 (2012).Google Scholar
Li, B., Zhao, Z., Zhou, Q., Meng, B., Meng, X., and Qiu, J.: Highly efficient low-temperature plasma-assisted modification of TiO2 nanosheets with exposed {001} facets for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. Chem.–Eur. J. 14763, 20 (2014).Google Scholar
Li, Q., Li, Y.W., Wu, P., Xie, R., and Shang, J.K.: Palladium oxide nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped titanium oxide: Accelerated photocatalytic disinfection and post-illumination catalytic “Memory”. Adv. Mater. 3717, 20 (2008).Google Scholar
Tomita, O., Otsubo, T., Higashi, M., Ohtani, B., and Abe, R.: Partial oxidation of alcohols on visible-light-responsive WO3 photocatalysts loaded with palladium oxide cocatalyst. ACS Catal. 1134, 6 (2016).Google Scholar
Su, R., Dimitratos, N., Liu, J., Carter, E., Althahban, S., Wang, X., Shen, Y., Wendt, S., Wen, X., (Hans) Niemantsverdriet, J.W., Iversen, B.B., Kiely, C.J., and Hutchings, G.J.: Mechanistic insight into the interaction between a titanium dioxide photocatalyst and Pd co-catalyst for improved photocatalytic performance. ACS Catal. 4239, 6 (2016).Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Xia, T., Shang, M., Wallenmeyer, P., Katelyn, D., Peterson, A., Murowchick, J., Dong, L., and Chen, X.: Structural evolution from TiO2 nanoparticles to nanosheets and their photocatalytic performance in hydrogen generation and environmental pollution removal. RSC Adv. 16146, 4 (2014).Google Scholar
Jenkins, R. and Snyder, R.L.: Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry (JohnWiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xia, T., Li, N., Zhang, Y., Kruger, M.B., Murowchick, J., Selloni, A., and Chen, X.: Directional heat dissipation across the interface in anatase-rutile nanocomposites. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9883, 5 (2013).Google Scholar
Brun, M., Berthet, A., and Bertolini, J.C.: XPS, AES and Auger parameter of Pd and PdO. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 55, 104 (1999).Google Scholar
Fujiwara, K., Müller, U., and Pratsinis, S.E.: Pd subnano-clusters on TiO2 for solar-light removal of NO. ACS Catal. 1887, 6 (2016).Google Scholar
Gouadec, G. and Colomban, P.: Raman spectroscopy of nanomaterials: How spectra relate to disorder, particle size and mechanical properties. Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact. Mater. 1, 53 (2007).Google Scholar
Tian, F., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., and Pan, C.: Raman spectroscopy: A new approach to measure the percentage of anatase TiO2 exposed (001) facets. J. Phys. Chem. C 7515, 116 (2012).Google Scholar
Chang, C., Fu, Y., Hu, M., Wang, C., Shan, G., and Zhu, L.: Photodegradation of bisphenol A by highly stable palladium-doped mesoporous graphite carbon nitride (Pd/mpg-C3N4) under simulated solar light irradiation. Appl. Catal., B 553, 142–143 (2013).Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Lyu supplementary material

Figure S1

Download Lyu supplementary material(File)
File 94.6 KB