Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-b95js Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-10T17:43:30.879Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Factors influencing the formation of hollow ceramic microspheres by water extraction of colloidal droplets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Jay G. Liu  and
David L. Wilcox Sr.
Jay G. Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801
David L. Wilcox Sr.
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801
Get access

Abstract

Hollow ceramic microspheres of Al2O3, SiO2, and mullite have been prepared by the combination of an emulsion technique with a water extraction sol-gel method. Concentration of sol, initial droplet size, and water extraction rate of the system are found to be the important process parameters controlling the size and wall thickness of the hollow microspheres, and their influences are shown. A model that correlates the morphology of microspheres to concentration and water extraction rate is proposed and is in good agreement with the experimental observations. The capability and limitation of this process for forming hollow microspheres are demonstrated. It was shown that hollow microspheres with sizes greater than 5 μm could be readily prepared, while a limitation was met for sizes less than 1 μm, in which case solid microspheres were normally formed.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 10 , Issue 1 , January 1995 , pp. 84 - 94
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1McMurrer, M., Plastics Compounding, November/December, 16 (1985).Google Scholar
2Hendricks, C. D., in Glass Science and Technology, Vol. 2 (Academic Press, New York, 1984), p. 149.Google Scholar
3Downs, R. L., Ebner, M. A., and Miller, W. J., Sol-Gel Technology for Thin Films, Fibers, Performs, Electronics, and Specialty Shapes, edited by Klein, L. C. (Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1988), p. 330.Google Scholar
4Siliva, P., Cross, L. E., Gururaja, T. R., and Scheetz, B. E., Mater. Lett. 4 (11,12), 475 (1986).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Kellerman, D. W., in Proceedings of the 37th Electronic Components Conference (IEEE, Boston, MA, 1987), p. 316.Google Scholar
6Vernetti, D. J. and Wilcox, D. L., in Proceedings of the 1992 International Symposium on Microelectronics (ISHM, San Francisco, CA, 1992), p. 117.Google Scholar
7Beck, W. R. and O'Brien, D. L., United States Patent 3 365 315 (1968), assigned to the 3M Company.Google Scholar
8Hendricks, C. D., Rosencwaig, A., Woerner, R. L., Koo, J. C., Dressier, J. L., Sherohman, J. W., Weinland, S. L., and Jeffries, M., J. Nucl. Mater. 85/86, 107 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Veatch, F., Alford, H. E., and Croft, R. D., United States Patent 3 030 215 (1962), assigned to the Standard Oil Company.Google Scholar
10Netting, D. I., United States Patent 3 794 503 (1974); United States Patent 3 796 777 (1974); United States Patent 3 888 957 (1975), assigned to Philadelphia Quartz Company.Google Scholar
11Walsh, R. J., United States Patent 3 161 468 (1964), assigned to Monsanto Company.Google Scholar
12Kim, K. K., Jang, K. Y., and Upadhye, R. S., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 74 (8), 1987 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Jada, S. S., J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 9 (5), 565 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Gadalla, A. M. and Yu, H-F., J. Mater. Res. 5, 2923 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Sarikaya, Y. and Akinc, M., Ceram. Int. 14, 239 (1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Sowman, H. G., United States Patent 4 349 456 (1982), assigned to the 3M Company.Google Scholar
17Vernetti, D. J. and Wilcox, D. L., in Proceedings of the 1992 International Conference on Multichip Modules (ISHM/IEPS, Denver, CO, 1992), p. 300.Google Scholar
18Messing, G. L., Zhang, S., and Jayanthi, G. V., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 76 (11), 2707 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Zhang, S. and Messing, G. L., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73 (1), 61 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Liu, J. G. and Wilcox, D. L., in Better Ceramics Through Chemistry VI edited by Sanchez, C., Brinker, C. J., Mecartney, M. L., and Cheetham, A. (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 346, Pittsburgh, PA, 1994), p. 201.Google Scholar
21Charlesworth, D. H. and Marshall, W. R. Jr., AIChE J. 6 (1), 9 (1960).Google Scholar
22Jayanthi, G. V., Zhang, S. C., and Messing, G. L., Aerosol Sci. Technol. 19, 478 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Kelly, L., Kleinsteuber, A. T., Clinton, S. D., and Dean, O. C., Indus. & Eng. Chem.–Process Design & Development 4 (2), 212 (1965).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Haas, P. A., Bond, W. D., Lloyd, M. H., and McBride, J. P., in Thorium Fuel Cycle (Proc. 2nd Int. Thorium Fuel Cycle Symp., Gatlinburg, TN, 1966), p. 391.Google Scholar
25Wymer, R. G., in Sol-Gel Processes for Ceramic Nuclear Fuels (Proc. Panel on Sol-Gel Processes for Ceramic Nuclear Fuels, Vienna, Austria, 1968), p. 131.Google Scholar