Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T21:52:26.827Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of fillers on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and hot corrosion behavior of Nb stabilized austenitic stainless steel welds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 December 2016

K. Devendranath Ramkumar ,
S. Anirudh ,
Shubham Singh ,
Sahil Goyal ,
Saurabh Kumar Gupta ,
Joshy Chellathu George  and
N. Arivazhagan
K. Devendranath Ramkumar*
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
S. Anirudh
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
Shubham Singh
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
Sahil Goyal
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
Saurabh Kumar Gupta
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
Joshy Chellathu George
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
N. Arivazhagan
Affiliation:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

This research article addresses the effect of fillers on the high-temperature corrosion behavior of AISI 347 weld joints. Multi-pass pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding was carried out on 6.67 mm thick plates of AISI 347 using three different fillers namely ER347, ER2553, and ERNiCrMo-3. The fusion zone microstructures of AISI 347 employing ER2553 and ERNiCrMo-3 exhibited columnar and dendritic grain growth; whereas vermicular delta ferrite was observed at the fusion zone of ER347 welds. Tensile studies showed that the weld employing ERNiCrMo-3 exhibited better tensile strength than the parent metal. High-temperature corrosion studies were carried out on the fusion zones by exposing the coupons to an aggressive, synthetic molten-salt incinerator environment containing 40% Na2SO4–40% K2SO4–10% NaCl–10% KCl at 650 °C for 50 cycles. The studies attested that the fusion zone employing ERNiCrMo-3 exhibited better corrosion resistance than the other two fillers used in the study. Spallation of oxides was witnessed due to the dissolution of Cr2O3 in the ER347 and ER2553 fusion zones. The hot corroded samples were characterized using surface analytical techniques.

Keywords

AISI 347pulsed current gas tungsten arc weldingmicrostructuremechanical propertieshot corrosion
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , 14 February 2017 , pp. 582 - 598
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Jürgen Eckert

References

REFERENCES

Guan, K., Xu, X., Xu, H., and Wang, Z.: Effect of aging at 700 °C on precipitation and toughness of AISI 321 and AISI 347 austenitic stainless steel welds. Nucl. Eng. Des. 235, 2485–2494 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kallqvist, J. and Andren, H.O.: Microanalysis of a stabilised austenitic stainless steel after long term ageing. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 270, 27 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yae Kina, A., Souza, V.M., Tavares, S.S.M., Souza, J.A., and de Abreu, H.F.G.: Influence of heat treatments on the intergranular corrosion resistance of the AISI 347 cast and weld metal for high temperature services. J. Mater. Process. Technol. I99, 391 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moura, V., Kina, A.Y., Tavares, S.S.M., Lima, L.D., and Mainier, F.B.: Influence of stabilization heat treatments on microstructure, hardness and intergranular corrosion resistance of the AISI 321 stainless steel. J. Mater. Sci. 43, 536 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandra, K., Kain, V., and Tewari, R.: Microstructural and electrochemical characterisation of heat-treated 347 stainless steel with different phases. Corros. Sci. 67, 118 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wasnik, D.N., Dey, G.K., Kain, V., and Samajdar, I.: Precipitation stages in a 316L austenitic stainless steel. Scr. Mater. 49, 135 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwind, M., Kallqvist, J., and Nilsson, J.O.: σ-Phase precipitation in stabilized austenitic stainless steels. Acta Mater. 48, 2473 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minami, Y., Kimura, H., and Tanimura, M.: Creep rupture properties of 18% Cr–8% Ni–TI–Nb and type 347H austenitic stainless steels. J. Mater. Energy Syst. 7, 45 (1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilms, M.E., Gadgil, V.J., Krougman, J.M., and Kolster, B.H.: The effect of σ-phase precipitation at 800 °C on the mechanical properties of a high alloyed duplex stainless steel. Mater. High Temp. 9, 160 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guan, K., Xu, X., Xu, H., and Wang, Z.: Effect of aging at 700 °C on precipitation and toughness of AISI 321 and AISI 347 austenitic stainless steel welds. Nucl. Eng. Des. 235(23), 2485 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lippold, J.C. and Kotecki, D.J.: Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 2005).Google Scholar
Hajiannia, I., Shamanian, M., and Kasiri, M.: Microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 347 stainless steel/A335 low alloy steel dissimilar joint produced by gas tungsten arc welding. Mater. Des. 50, 566 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lippold, J.C. and Savage, V.V.F.: Solidification of austenitic stainless steel weldments: Part III—The effect of solidification behavior on hot cracking susceptibility. Weld. Res. Suppl. 61(12), 389-s–396-s (1982).Google Scholar
Mittal, R. and Sidhu, B.S.: Microstructures and mechanical properties of dissimilar T91/347H steel weldments. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 220, 76 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lundin, C.D., Lee, C.H., Menon, R., and Osorio, V.: Weldability evaluations of modified 316 and 347 austenitic stainless steels: Part I—Preliminary results. Weld. Res. Suppl. 67, 35-s (1988).Google Scholar
Ogawa, T. and Tsunetomi, E.: Hot cracking susceptibility of austenitic stainless steels. Weld. J. 61(3), 82-s (1982).Google Scholar
Padilha, A.F., Machado, I.F., and Plaut, R.I.: Microstructures and mechanical properties of Fe–15% Cr–15% Ni austenitic stainless steels containing different levels of niobium additions submitted to various processing stages. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 170, 89 (2005).Google Scholar
Farahani, E., Shamanian, M., and Ashrafizadeh, F.: A comparative study on direct and pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding of alloy 617. AMAE Int. J. Manuf. Mater. Sci. 2(1), 1 (2012).Google Scholar
Janaki Ram, G.D., Venugopal Reddy, A., Prasad Rao, K., and Madhusudhan Reddy, G.: Control of laves phase in Inconel 718 GTA welds with current pulsing. Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining 9(5), 390 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devendranath Ramkumar, K., Patel, S.D., Sri Praveen, S., Joy Choudhury, D., Prabaharan, P., Arivazhagan, N., and Anthony Xavior, M.: Influence of filler metals and welding techniques on the structure–property relationships of Inconel 718 and AISI 316L dissimilar weldments. Mater. Des. 62, 175 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devendranath Ramkumar, K., Jagat Sai, R., Santhosh Reddy, V., Gundla, S., Harsha Mohan, T., Saxena, V., and Arivazhagan, N.: Effect of filler wires and direct ageing on the microstructure and mechanical properties in the multi-pass welding of Inconel 718. J. Manuf. Process. 18, 23 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akita, M., Uematsu, Y., Kakiuchi, T., Nakajima, M., and Nakamura, Y.: Effect of laves phase precipitation on fatigue properties of niobium-containing austenitic stainless steel type 347 in laboratory air and in 3%NaCl solution. Procedia Mater. Sci. 3, 517 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, H-S., Jung, J-S., Kim, D-S., and Yoo, K-B.: Failure analysis on welded joints of 347H austenitic boiler tubes. Eng. Failure Anal. 57, 413 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Otero, E., Pardo, A., Perez, F.J., Utrilla, M.V., and Levi, T.: Corrosion behavior of 12CrMoV steel in waste incineration Environments: Hot corrosion by molten chlorides. Oxid. Met. 49(5/6), 467 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eliaz, N., Shemesh, G., and Latanision, R.M.: Hot corrosion in gas turbine components. Eng. Fail. Anal. 9, 31 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sorell, G.: The role of chlorine in high temperature corrosion in waste-to-energy plants. Mater. High Temp., 14(3), 207 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uusitalo, M.A., Vuoristo, P.M.J., and Mantyla, T.A.: High temperature corrosion of coatings and boiler steels below chlorine-containing salt deposits. Corros. Sci. 46, 1311 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mudgal, D., Singh, S., and Prakash, S.: Hot corrosion behavior of some superalloys in a simulated incinerator environment at 900 °C. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 23, 238 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, J.R. (ed.): Tensile Testing, 2nd ed. (ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, 2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arivazhagan, N., Surendra, S., Prakash, S., and Reddy, G.M.: Hot corrosion studies on dissimilar friction welded low alloy steel and austenitic stainless steel under chlorine containing salt deposits under cyclic conditions. Corros. Eng., Sci. Technol. 44, 369 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arivazhagan, N., Senthilkumaran, K., Narayanan, S., Devendranath Ramkumar, K., Surendra, S., and Prakash, S.: Hot corrosion behavior of friction welded AISI 4140 and AISI 304 in K2SO4–60% NaCl mixture. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 28(10), 895 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devendranath Ramkumar, K., Arivazhagan, N., and Narayanan, S.: Effect of filler materials on the performance of gas tungsten arc welded AISI 304 and Monel 400. Mater. Des. 40, 70 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hull, F.C.: Effect of delta ferrite on the hot cracking of stainless steel. Weld. J. 46, 399s–409s (1961).Google Scholar
Hsieh, C-C., Lin, D-Y., Chen, M-C., and Wu, W.: Microstructure, recrystallization, and mechanical property evolutions in the heat-affected and fusion zones of the dissimilar stainless steels. Mater. Trans. 48(11), 2898 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lampman, S.R. (ed.): Weld Integrity and Performance (ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, 1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deng, D., Murakawa, H., and Liang, W.: Numerical and experimental investigations on welding residual stress in multi-pass butt-welded austenitic stainless steel pipe. Comput. Mater. Sci. 42, 234 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, L., Xiao, L., Feng, J.C., Tian, Y.H., Zhou, S.Q., and Zhou, Y.: Resistance spot welded AZ31 magnesium alloys, part II: effects of welding current on microstructure and mechanical properties. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 41A, 2642 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, K., Yan, N., Zeng, C., and Weitao, W.: Corrosion of iron and four commercial steels in a Cl containing oxidizing atmosphere at 500 °C. Mater. Sci. Technol. 20(2), 213 (2004).Google Scholar
Ishitsuko, T. and Nose, K.: Stability of protective oxide films in waste incineration environment-solubility measurement of oxides in molten chlorides. Corros. Sci. 22, 247 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peters, K.R., Whittle, D.P., and Stringer, J.: Oxidation and hot corrosion of nickel-based alloys containing molybdenum. Corros. Sci. 16, 791 (1976).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, C-J. and Chang, Y-C.: NaCl-induced hot corrosion of Fe–Mn–Al–C alloys. Mater. Chem. Phys. 76, 151 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar