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The direct observation of structural development during vanadium pentoxide gelation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

J.K. Bailey ,
G.A. Pozarnsky  and
M.L. Mecartney
J.K. Bailey*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
G.A. Pozarnsky
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
M.L. Mecartney*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
*
a)Current address: Sandia National Laboratories, Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Division 1846, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.
b)Current address: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Division, University of California–Irvine, Irvine, California 92717. Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

The sequence of structural evolution in the gelation of vanadic acid to form vanadium pentoxide gels was studied using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Small whiskers form from initially homogeneous solutions, and then grow into crystalline ribbon-like colloidal particles. It is proposed that the whiskers form from polymerization of dioxovanadium cations. The ribbons then grow by continued addition of dioxovanadium cations which are supplied by the decomposition of decavanadate ions. In solution, the ribbon-like particles have dimensions of approximately 25 nm × 3 nm × over 1 μm. These ribbons are flexible perpendicular to the plane of the ribbon. Upon drying, a flat rigid mass of ribbon-like particles is formed. The ribbons examined by STM showed striations 3 nm wide, a value that corresponds with the width of the unit cell proposed by J. Legendre and J. Livage [J. Colloid. and Interf. Sci. 94, 75 (1983)].

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 7 , Issue 9 , September 1992 , pp. 2530 - 2537
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1992

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