Hostname: page-component-f554764f5-fnl2l Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-16T06:16:27.289Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Corrosion behavior of biomedical AZ91 magnesium alloy in simulated body fluids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Yunchang Xin ,
Chenglong Liu ,
Xinmeng Zhang ,
Guoyi Tang ,
Xiubo Tian  and
Paul K. Chu
Yunchang Xin
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China; and Advanced Materials Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China
Chenglong Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
Xinmeng Zhang
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Welding Production Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Guoyi Tang*
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China
Xiubo Tian
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Welding Production Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Paul K. Chu*
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
*
a)Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: [email protected]
b) e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Fast degradation rates in the physiological environment constitute the main limitation for magnesium alloys used in biodegradable hard tissue implants. In this work, the corrosion behavior of AZ91 magnesium alloy in simulated body fluids (SBF) was systematically investigated to determine its performance in a physiological environment. The influence of the main constituent phases on the corrosion behavior was studied by in situ visual observation and scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy revealed that both calcium and magnesium phosphates are present in the corroded products besides magnesium oxide. Electrochemical methods including open circuit potential evolution and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to investigate the mechanism. The corresponding electrode controlled processes and evolution of the corrosion products layer were discussed. The degradation rate after immersion in SBF for seven days was calculated from both the weight loss and hydrogen evolution methods.

Keywords

AlloyBiomaterialCorrosion
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 22 , Issue 7 , July 2007 , pp. 2004 - 2011
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

1Staiger, M.P., Pietak, A.M., Huadmai, J. Dias, G.: Magnesium and its alloys as orthopedic biomaterials: A review. Biomaterials 27, 1728 2006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2McBride, E.D.: Absorbable metal in bone surgery. JAMA 111, 2464 1938CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Verbrugge, J.: The metal material resorbable in osseous surgery. Press Med. 23, 460 1934Google Scholar
4Vormann, J.: Magnesium: Nutrition and metabolism. Mol. Aspects Med. 24, 27 2003CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5Song, G.L., Atrens, A., Wu, X.L. Zhang, B.: Corrosion behavior of AZ21, AZ501 and AZ91 in sodium chloride. Corros. Sci. 40, 1769 1998CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Mathieu, S., Rapin, C., Steinmetz, J. Steinmetz, P.: A corrosion study of the main constituent phases of AZ91 magnesium alloys. Corros. Sci. 45, 2741 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Albright, D.L.: Relationship of microstructure and corrosion behavior in magnesium alloy ingots and castings in Advances in Magnesium Alloys and Composites, edited by H.G. Paris and W.H. Hunt, (International Magnesium Association and the Non-Ferrous Metals Committee Symp. Proc, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1988) 57Google Scholar
8Baril, G. Pébère, N.: The corrosion of pure magnesium in aerated and deaerated sodium sulphate solution. Corros. Sci. 43, 471 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Chen, J., Wang, J., Han, E., Dong, J. Ke, W.: Corrosion behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy in sodium sulfate solution. Mater Corros. 57, 789 2006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Song, G., Atrens, A., St. John, D., Wu, X. Naim, J.: The anodic dissolution of magnesium in chloride and sulphate solutions. Corros. Sci. 39, 1981 1997CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Baril, G., Galicia, G., Deslouis, C., Pebere, N., Ttibollet, B. Vivier, V.: An impedance investigation of the mechanism of pure magnesium corrosion in sodium sulfate solutions. J. Electrochem. Soc. 154, 108 2007CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Song, G.L. Atrens, A.: Understanding magnesium corrosion—A framework for improved alloy performance. Adv. Eng. Mater. 5, 837 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Kuwahara, H., Al-Abdullat, Y., Ohta, M., Tsutsumi, S., Ikeuchi, K. Mazaki, N.: Surface reaction of magnesium in Hank’s solutions. Mater. Sci. Forum 350, 349 2000CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Kuwahara, H., Al-Abdullat, Y., Mazaki, N., Tsutsumi, S. Aizawa, T.: Precipitation of magnesium apatite on pure magnesium surface during immersing in Hank’s solution. Mater. Trans. 42, 1317 2001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Kuwahara, H., Mazaki, N., Mabuchi, M., Wein, C. Aizawa, T.: Behavior of magnesium in Hank’s solution aimed to trabecular pattern of natural bone. Mater. Sci. Forum 419, 1007 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Witte, F., Kaese, V., Haferkamp, H., Switzer, E., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Wirth, C.J. Windhagen, H.: In vivo corrosion of four magnesium alloys and the associated bone response. Biomaterials 26, 3557 2005CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17Witte, F., Fischer, J., Nellesen, J., Crostack, H-A., Kaese, V., Pisch, A., Beckmann, F. Windhagen, H.: In vitro and in vivo corrosion measurements of magnesium alloys. Biomaterials 27, 1013 2006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18Zhang, Y.J., Yan, C.W., Wang, F.H. Li, W.F.: Electrochemical behavior of anodized Mg alloy AZ91D in chloride containing aqueous solution. Corros. Sci. 47, 2816 2005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Cho, S.B., Nakanishi, K., Kokubo, T., Soga, N., Ohtsuki, C., Nakamura, T., Kitsugi, T. Yamamuro, T.: Dependence of apatite formation on silica-gel on its structure—effect of heat-treatment. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78, 769 1995CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Golubev, S.V., Pokrovsky, O.S. Savenko, V.S.: Unseeded precipitation of calcium and magnesium phosphates from modified seawater solutions. J. Cryst. Growth 205, 354 1999CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Weng, J., Liu, Q., Wolke, J.G.C., Zhang, X.D. deGroot, K.: Formation and characteristics of the apatite layer on plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings in simulated body fluid. Biomaterials 18, 1027 1997CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22Canham, L.T. Reeves, C.L.: Apatite nucleation on low porosity silicon in acellular simulated body fluid in Thin Films and Surfaces for Bioactivity and Biomedical Applications, edited by C.M. Cotell, A.E. Meyer, S.M. Gorbatkin, and G.L. Grobe III (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 414, Pittsburgh, PA) 1996 189Google Scholar
23Shao, C.L., Guan, H.Y. Liu, Y.C.: MgO nanofibres via an electrospinning technique. J. Mater. Sci. 41, 3821 2006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Elliot, J.C.: Structure and chemistry of the apatites and other calcium orthophosphates in Studies in Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 18, Elsevier, Amsterdam 1994 27Google Scholar
25Morks, M.F.: Magnesium phosphate treatment for steel. Mater. Lett. 58, 3316 2004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Li, L.C., Gao, J.C. Wang, Y.: Evaluation of cyto-toxicity and corrosion behavior of alkali-heat-treated magnesium in simulated body fluid. Surf. Coat. Technol. 185, 92 2004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27Shaw, B.A.: Corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys in Corrosion: Fundamentals, Testing and Protection, ASM Handbook Vol. 13a edited by S.D. Cramer and B.S. Covino ASM International, USA 2003 692Google Scholar
28Song, G., Atrens, A., St. John, D., Wu, X. Nairn, J.: The anodic dissolution of magnesium in chloride and sulphate solutions. Corros. Sci. 39, 1981 1997CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29Song, G.L. Atrens, A.: Corrosion mechanisms of magnesium alloys. Adv. Eng. Mater. 1, 11 19993.0.CO;2-N>CrossRefGoogle Scholar