Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T04:22:58.096Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Dialogue and distributed agency in institutional transmission

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2015

Andrea Whittle
Affiliation:
Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
Olga Suhomlinova
Affiliation:
School of Management, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Frank Mueller
Affiliation:
School of Management, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland

Abstract

In this paper we contribute to the body of work on agency and institutional transmission by proposing two new concepts: distributed agency and dialogue. Distributed agency is a companion concept to that of ‘institutional entrepreneurship’. Whilst institutional entrepreneurship emphasizes the deliberate institution-building by a select few, distributed agency highlights the emergent institution-building that involves any and every organizational member. In turn, dialogue supplements the models of institutional diffusion by drawing attention to the situated interactions between the ‘champions’ and the ‘recipients’ of institutional innovations, to the frictions that accompany institutional transmission, and to the deviations that emerge from those interactions. We use these concepts to analyze the micro-discursive processes during a crucial event in the institutionalization of a new organizational template in a UK public–private partnership. We found that the implementation hinged upon enabling the audience (i.e. the employees expected to apply the template in their work) to act as agents (hence, distributed agency) by engaging in a dialogue that sought to define the audience's identity vis-à-vis coercive pressures, articulate and address its interests, and recognize its rights to modify the template to suit the local circumstances.

Type
Stability & Change
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abrahamson, E. (1991). Managerial fads and fashions: The diffusion and rejection of innovations. Academy of Management Review, 16, 586612.Google Scholar
Balogun, J., & Johnson, G. (2005). From intended strategies to unintended outcomes: The impact of change recipient sensemaking. Organizational Studies, 26, 15731601.Google Scholar
Barley, S. R., & Tolbert, P. S. (1997). Institutionalization and structuration: Studying the links between action and institution. Organizational Studies, 18, 93117.Google Scholar
Beckert, J. (1999). Agency, entrepreneurs and institutional change: The role of strategic choice and institutionalized practices in organizations. Organizational Studies, 20, 777799.Google Scholar
Beer, M. S. (2003). Why total quality management programs do not persist. Decision Sciences, 4, 623642.Google Scholar
Bennet, N., Wise, C., Wood, P., & Harvey, J. A. (2003). Distributed leadership. Report. National College for School Leadership. Retrieved 02 19, 2008, from http://www.ncsl.org.uk/mediastore/image2/bennett-distributed-leadership-full.pdfGoogle Scholar
Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1967). The social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. New York: Anchor Books.Google Scholar
Bergström, O., & Knights, D. (2006). Organizational discourse and subjectivity: Subjectification during processes of recruitment. Human Relations, 59, 351377.Google Scholar
Boje, D. M., Oswick, C., & Ford, J. D. (2004). Language and organization: The doing of discourse. Academy of Management Review, 29, 571577.Google Scholar
Brint, S., & Karabel, J. (1991). The diverted dream: Community colleges and the promise of educational opportunity in America, 1900-1985. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Brown, J. S., & Duguid, P. (1991). Organizational learning and communities of practice: Toward unified view of working, learning and innovation. Organizational Science, 2(1), 4057.Google Scholar
Bryman, A. (1988). Quantity and quality in social research. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bryman, A., & Burgess, R. G. (Eds.). (1994). Analyzing qualitative data. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Carlsen, A. (2006). Organizational becoming as dialogic imagination of practice: The case of the indomitable Gauls. Organizational Science, 17, 133149.Google Scholar
Clarke, J., & Newman, J. (1997). The managerial state. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Clarke, J., Newman, J., Smith, N., Vidler, E., & Westmarland, L. (2007). Creating citizen-consumers. Changing publics and changing public services. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Creed, W. E. D., Scully, M., & Austin, J. R. (2002). Clothes make the person? The tailoring of legitimating accounts and the social construction of identity. Organizational Science, 13, 475496.Google Scholar
Dacin, M. T., Goodstein, J., & Scott, W. R. (2002). Institutional theory and institutional change: Introduction to the Special Research Forum. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 4557.Google Scholar
David, R., & Strang, D. (2006). When fashion is fleeting: Transitory collective beliefs and the dynamics of TQM consulting. Academy Management Journal, 49, 215233.Google Scholar
DiMaggio, P. J. (1988). Interest and agency in institutional theory. In Zucker, L. G. (Ed.), Institutional patterns and organizations: Culture and environment (pp. 321). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.Google Scholar
DiMaggio, P. J. (1991). Constructing an organizational field as a professional project: U.S. art museums, 1920-1940. In Powell, W. W., DiMaggio, P. (Eds.), The new institutionalism in organizational analysis (pp. 267292). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48, 147160.Google Scholar
DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1991). Introduction. In Powell, W. W., DiMaggio, P. (Eds.), The new institutionalism in organizational analysis (pp. 138). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Elsbach, K. D. (2002). Intraorganizational institutions. In Baum, J. A. C. (Ed.), The Blackwell companion to organizations (pp. 3757). Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Feldman, M. S., & Pentland, B. T. (2003). Reconceptualizing organizational routines as a source of flexibility and change. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48, 94118.Google Scholar
Fine, G. (1996). Justifying work: Occupational rhetorics as resources in restaurant kitchens. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 90115.Google Scholar
Fligstein, N. (1997). Social skill and institutional theory. American Behavioral Scientist, 40, 397405.Google Scholar
Garud, R., Hardy, C., & Maguire, S. (2007). Institutional entrepreneurship as embedded agency: An introduction to the special issue. Organizational Studies, 28, 957969.Google Scholar
Garud, R., & Karnøe, P. (2003). Bricolage versus breakthrough: Distributed and embedded agency in technology entrepreneurship. Research Policy, 32, 277300.Google Scholar
Gephart, R. (2004). Qualitative research and the Academy of Management Journal. Academy Management Journal, 47, 454462.Google Scholar
Giddens, A. (1984). The constitution of society. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Giere, R. N., & Moffatt, B. (2003). Distributed cognition: Where the cognitive and the social merge. Social Studies Science, 33, 301310.Google Scholar
Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in every-day life. Garden City, NY: Anchor.Google Scholar
Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Gooderham, P. N., Nordhaug, O., & Ringdal, K. (1999). Institutional and rational determinants of organizational practices: Human resource management in European firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, 507531.Google Scholar
Goodstein, J. D. (1994). Institutional pressures and strategic responsiveness: Employer involvement in work–family issues. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 350382.Google Scholar
Gouldner, A. (1954). Patterns of industrial bureaucracy. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Green, S. (2004). A rhetorical theory of diffusion. Academy of Management Review, 29, 653669.Google Scholar
Greeno, J. G., & Moore, J. L. (1993). Situativity and symbols: Response to Vera and Simon. Cognitive Science, 17, 4960.Google Scholar
Greenwood, R., & Hinings, C. R. (1996). Understanding radical organizational change: Bringing together the old and the new institutionalism. Academy of Management Review, 21, 10221054.Google Scholar
Greenwood, R., & Suddaby, R. (2006). Institutional entrepreneurship in mature fields: The Big Five accounting firms. Academy of Management Journal, 49, 2748.Google Scholar
Greenwood, R., Suddaby, R., & Hinings, C. R. (2002). Theorizing change: The role of professional associations in the transformation of institutionalized fields. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 5880.Google Scholar
Gronn, P. (2002). Distributed leadership. In Leithwood, K., Hallinger, P., Seashore-Louis, K., Furman-Brown, G., Gronn, P., Mulford, W., Riley, K., (Eds.), Second international handbook of educational leadership and administration (pp. 2247). Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Guler, I., Guillen, M. F., & Macpherson, J. M. (2002). Global competition, institutions, and the diffusion of organizational practices: The international spread of ISO 9000 quality certificates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47, 207232.Google Scholar
Hammersley, M., & Atkinson, P. (1995). Ethnography: Principles in practice (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Haraway, D. (1991). Simians, cyborgs, and women: The reinvention of nature. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hardie, I., & Mackenzie, D. (2007). Constructing the market frame: Distributed cognition and distributed framing in financial markets. New Political Economy, 12, 389403.Google Scholar
Hasselbladh, H., & Kallinikos, J. (2000). The project of rationalization: A critique and reappraisal of neo-institutionalism in organization studies. Organizational Studies, 21, 697720.Google Scholar
Heugens, P. P. M. A. R., & Lander, M. W. (2007). Testing the strength of the iron cage: A meta-analysis of neo-institutional theory. Erasmus Institute of Research on Management Report Series ERS-2007-007-ORG. Retrieved 02 4, 2008, from www.erim.eur.nl.Google Scholar
Hirsch, P. M. (1997). Review essay. Sociology without social structure: Neo-institutional theory meets brave new world. America Journal of Sociology, 102, 17021723.Google Scholar
Hirsch, P. M., & Boal, K. B. (2000). Whose social construction? Berger and Luckmann revisited. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9, 256257.Google Scholar
Hirsch, P. M., & Lounsbury, M. (1997). Ending the family quarrel: Toward a reconciliation of “old” and “new” institutionalism. American Behavioral Scientist, 40, 406418.Google Scholar
Hood, C. (1998). The art of the state: Culture, rhetoric and public management. Oxford: Clarendon.Google Scholar
Hutchins, E. (1995). Cognition in the wild. Cambridge: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Ingram, P. & Simons, T. (1995). Institutional and resource dependence determinants of responsiveness to work-family issues. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 14661482.Google Scholar
Jabri, M. (2004). Change as shifting identities: A dialogic perspective. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17, 566–77.Google Scholar
Kondra, A. Z., & Hinings, C. R. (1998). Organizational diversity and change in institutional theory. Organizational Studies, 19, 743767.Google Scholar
Kraatz, M. S., & Moore, J. H. (2002). Executive migration and institutional change. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 120143.Google Scholar
Lave, J. (1988). Cognition in practice: Mind, mathematics, and culture in everyday life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lawrence, T. B., & Suddaby, R. (2006). Institutions and institutional work. In Clegg, S., Hardy, C., Lawrence, T., & Nord, W. R. (Eds.), The Sage handbook of organization studies (2nd ed.; pp. 215254). Sage: London.Google Scholar
Levine, J. M., Resnick, L. B., & Higgins, E. T. (1993). Social foundations of cognition. Annual Review of Psychology, 44, 585613.Google Scholar
Lorenz, E. (2001). Models of cognition, the contextualisation of knowledge, and organisational theory. Journal of Management and Governance, 5, 307330.Google Scholar
Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83, 340363.Google Scholar
Mizruchi, M. S., & Fein, L. C. (1999). The social construction of organizational knowledge: A study of the uses of coercive, mimetic, and normative isomorphism. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, 653683.Google Scholar
Mueller, F., & Carter, C. (2005). The scripting of total quality management within its organizational biography. Organization Studies, 26, 219245.Google Scholar
Oliver, C. (1991). Strategic responses to institutional processes. Academy of Management Review, 16, 145179.Google Scholar
O'Neill, H., Pouder, R., & Ruchholtz, A. (1998). Patterns in the diffusion of strategies across organizations: Insights from the innovation diffusion literature. Academy of Management Review, 32, 98114.Google Scholar
Oswick, C., Anthony, P., Keenoy, T., Mangham, I., & Grant, D. (2000). A dialogic analysis of organizational learning. Journal of Management Studies, 37, 887901.Google Scholar
Palmer, D. A., & Biggart, N. W. (2002). Organizational institutions. In Baum, J. A. C. (Ed.), The Blackwell companion to organizations (pp. 259280). Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Phillips, N., & Hardy, C. (1997). Managing multiple identity: Discourse, legitimacy and resources in the UK refugee system. Organization, 4, 159185.Google Scholar
Phillips, N., Lawrence, T. B., & Hardy, C. (2000). Interorganizational collaboration and the dynamics of institutional fields. Journal of Management Studies, 37, 2343.Google Scholar
Phillips, N., Lawrence, T. B., & Hardy, C. (2004). Discourse and institutions. Academy of Management Review, 29, 635652.Google Scholar
Pollitt, C., & Bouckaert, C. (2004). Public management reform: A comparative analysis (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Potter, J. (1996). Representing reality: Discourse, rhetoric and social construction. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Potter, J., & Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and social psychology: Beyond attitudes and behaviour. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Putnam, L. L., Grant, D., Mickelson, G., & Cutcher, L. (2005). Discourse and resistance: Targets, practices and consequences. Management Communication Quarterly, 19, 518.Google Scholar
Quack, S. (2007). Legal professionals and transnational law-making: A case of distributed agency. Organization, 14, 643666.Google Scholar
Schwarz, N. (1998). Warmer and more social: Recent developments in cognitive social psychology. Annual Review Sociology, 24, 239264.Google Scholar
Scott, W. R. (2001). Institutions and organizations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Selznick, P. (1949). TVA and the grass roots. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Selznick, P. (1996). Institutionalism “old” and “new”. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 270277.Google Scholar
Seo, M-G., & Creed, W. E. D. (2002). Institutional contradictions, praxis, and institutional change: A dialectical perspective. Academy of Management Review, 27, 222247.Google Scholar
Sewell, W. H. (1992). A theory of structure: Duality, agency, and transformation. American Journal of Sociology, 98, 129.Google Scholar
Silverman, D. (1993). Interpreting qualitative data: Methods for analysing talk, text and interaction. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Stinchcombe, A. (1997). On the virtues of the old institutionalism. Annual Review Sociology, 23, 118.Google Scholar
Strang, D., & Meyer, J. W. (1993). Institutional conditions for diffusion. Theory and Society, 22, 487511.Google Scholar
Strang, D., & Soule, S. A. (1998). Diffusion in organizations and social movements: From hybrid corn to poison pills. Annual Review Sociology, 24, 265290.Google Scholar
Strathern, M. (ed.). (2000). Audit cultures: Anthropological studies in accountability, ethics and the academy. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Suchman, L. (1987). Plans and situated actions: The problem of human—machine communication. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. Academy of Management Review, 20, 571610.Google Scholar
Suddaby, R., & Greenwood, R. (2005). Rhetorical strategies of legitimacy. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50, 3567.Google Scholar
Tolbert, P. S., & Zucker, L. G. (1983). Institutional sources of change in the formal structure of organizations: The diffusion of civil service reform, 1880-1935. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, 2239.Google Scholar
Weick, K. E. (1995). Sensemaking in organizations. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning and identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Zald, M. N. (1970). Political economy: A framework for comparative analysis. In Zald, M. N. (Ed.), Power in organizations. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press.Google Scholar
Zbaracki, M. J. (1998). The rhetoric and reality of total quality management. Administration Science Quarterly, 43, 602636.Google Scholar
Zeitz, G., Mittal, V., McAulay, B. (1999). Distinguishing adoption and entrenchment of management practices: A framework for analysis. Organizational Studies, 20, 741776.Google Scholar
Zilber, T. B. (2002). Institutionalization as an interplay between actions, meanings and actors: The case of a rape crisis center in Israel. Academy Management Journal, 45, 234254.Google Scholar
Zilber, T. B. (2007). Stories and the discursive dynamics of institutional entrepreneurship: The case of Israeli high-tech after the bubble. Organization Studies, 28, 10351054.Google Scholar
Zucker, L. G., & Darby, M. R. (1997). Individual actions and the demands for institutions. American Behavioral Scientist, 40, 502513.Google Scholar