Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T21:21:13.772Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Cultural drivers of high performing knowledge-intensive service organisations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 June 2014

Fiona Edgar*
Affiliation:
Department of Management, University of Otago, New Zealand
Brendan Gray
Affiliation:
Department of Marketing, University of Otago, New Zealand
Victoria Browning
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Business, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
Kirsty Dwyer
Affiliation:
Department of Marketing, University of Otago, New Zealand
*
Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Organisational culture is considered an important influence on performance, particularly for service firms that rely on values-driven social controls to enhance human interactions. Using a qualitative approach, we show how the modified Organisational Culture Profile developed by Sarros, Gray, Densten, and Cooper to assess Australian organisations provides a framework for exploring the cultural drivers of high performing knowledge-intensive service firms in New Zealand. Our study provides rich insights into how six key cultural dimensions – competitiveness, innovation, performance orientation, emphasis on rewards, supportiveness and social responsibility – are translated into strategic human resource management practices.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Alvesson, M. (1993). Organizations as rhetoric: Knowledge-intensive firms and their struggle with ambiguity. Journal of Management Studies, 30(6), 9971015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvesson, M. (2004). Knowledge work and knowledge-intensive firms. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ashforth, B. E., Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 2039.Google Scholar
Ashkanasy, N. M., Wilderom, C., Peterson, M. F. (2000). Handbook of organizational culture and climate. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Aycan, Z., Kanungo, R. N., Sinha, J. B. (1999). Organizational culture and human resource management practices: The model of culture fit. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30(4), 501526.Google Scholar
Blackler, F. (1995). Knowledge, knowledge work and organizations: An overview and interpretations. Organization Studies, 16(6), 10211046.Google Scholar
Borucki, C. C., Burke, M. J. (1999). An examination of service-related antecedents to store performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 1(20), 943962.3.0.CO;2-9>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boxall, P. (2003). HR strategy and competitive advantage in the service sector. Human Resource Management Journal, 13(3), 520.Google Scholar
Browning, V. F. (2006). The relationship between HRM practices and service behavior in South African service organizations. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 17(7), 13211338.Google Scholar
Browning, V., Edgar, F., Gray, B., Garret, T. (2009). Realizing competitive advantage through HRM in New Zealand. Service Industries Journal, 29(6), 741760.Google Scholar
Cable, D.M., Judge, T.A. (1997). Interviewers' perceptions of person–organization fit and organizational selection decisions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(4), 546561.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chatman, J. (1991). Matching people and organizations: Selection and socialization in public accounting firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(3), 459484.Google Scholar
Chatman, J. A., Jehn, K. A. (1994). Assessing the relationship between industry characteristics and organizational culture: How different can you be? Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 522553.Google Scholar
Chebat, J., Kollias, P. (2000). The impact of empowerment on customer contact employees’ roles in service organizations. Journal of Service Research, 3(1), 6681.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, C., Upchurch, R. (2008). A case study in establishing a positive service culture: Attachment and involvement in the workplace. Journal of Retail and Leisure Property, 7, 131138.Google Scholar
Deal, T., Kennedy, A. (1982). Corporate cultures: The rites and rituals of corporate life. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Detert, J. R., Schroeder, R. G., Maurial, J. J. (2000). A framework for linking culture and improvement initiatives in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 25(4), 850886.Google Scholar
Dreher, G., Dougherty, T. (2002). Human resource strategy: A behavioral perspective for the general manager. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Irwin.Google Scholar
Ferlie, E., Fitzgerald, L., Wood, M., Hawkins, C. (2005). The (non) spread of innovations: The mediating role of professionals. Academy of Management Journal, 48(1), 117134.Google Scholar
Fiol, C. M. (2001). Revisiting an identity-based view of sustainable competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 27(6), 691699.Google Scholar
Fombrun, C., Tichy, N., Devanna, M. (Eds.). (1984). Strategic human resource management. New York, NY: Wiley.Google Scholar
Frenkel, S. J., Korczynski, M., Shire, K. A., Tam, M. (1999). On the frontline. Organization of work in the information economy. New York, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Glisson, C., James, L. R. (2002). The cross-level effects of culture and climate in human service teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(6), 767794.Google Scholar
Gray, B. J. (2006). Benchmarking services branding practices. Journal of Marketing Management, 22(7/8), 758771.Google Scholar
Gray, B. J. (2010). Fine tuning market oriented practices. Business Horizons, 53(4), 371383.Google Scholar
Helm, S. (2005). Designing a formative measure for corporate reputation. Corporate Reputation Review, 8(2), 95109.Google Scholar
Helm, S., Gray, B. J. (2009). Corporate reputation as anticipated corporate conduct – Introduction to the AMJ special edition. Australasian Marketing Journal, 17(2), 6568.Google Scholar
Herzberg, F. (1966). Work and the nature of man. Cleveland, OH: World Publishing.Google Scholar
Horwitz, F. M., Neville, M. A. (1996). Organization design for service excellence: A review of the literature. Human Resource Management, 35(4), 471492.Google Scholar
Huselid, M. (1995). The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity, and corporate financial performance. Academy of Management Journal, 38(3), 635672.Google Scholar
Jones, T. M., Wicks, A. C. (1999). Convergent stakeholder theory. Academy of Management Review, 24(2), 206221.Google Scholar
Jung, T., Scott, T., Davies, H. T. O., Bower, P., Whalley, D., McNally, R., Mannion, R. (2009). Instruments for exploring organizational culture: A review of the literature. Public Administration Review, 69(6), November/December, 10871096.Google Scholar
Karreman, D., Alvesson, M. (2004). Cages in tandem: Management control, social identity, and identification in a knowledge-intensive firm. Organization, 11(1), 149175.Google Scholar
Martin, J. (1992). Cultures in organizations: Three perspectives. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Martins, E. C., Terblanche, F. (2003). Building organisational culture that stimulates creativity and innovation. European Journal of Innovation Management, 6(1), 6474.Google Scholar
Mathew, J., Ogbonna, E. (2009). Organizational culture and commitment: A study of an Indian software organization. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(3), 654675.Google Scholar
Melé, D. (2003). The challenge of humanistic management. Journal of Business Ethics, 44(1), 7788.Google Scholar
Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J. (1991). A three component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 6189.Google Scholar
O'Reilly, C. (1989). Corporations, culture, and commitment: Motivation and social control in organizations. California Management Review, 31(4), 925.Google Scholar
O'Reilly, C. A., Chatman, J. (1996). Culture as social control: Corporations, culture and commitment. In B. M. Shaw (Ed.), Research in organizational behavior, vol. 18 (pp. 157200). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.Google Scholar
O'Reilly, C. A. III, Chatman, J., Caldwell, D. F. (1991). People and organizational culture: A profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 487516.Google Scholar
Ostrom, A. L., Bitner, M. J., Brown, S. W., Burkhard, K. A., Burkhard, M., Goul, M., Rabinovich, E. (2010). Moving forward and making a difference: Research priorities for the science of service. Journal of Service Research, 13(4), 436.Google Scholar
Patterson, M., West, M., Lawthom, R., Nickell, S. (1997). Impact of people management practices on business performance. London: IPD.Google Scholar
Peters, T., Waterman, R. (1982). In search of excellence. New York, NY: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Pfeffer, J. (1994). Competitive advantage through people. California Management Review, 36(2), 928.Google Scholar
Pfeffer, J. (1998). The human equation: Building profits by putting people first. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar
Plester, B. A., Sayers, J. (2007). ‘Taking the piss’: Functions of banter in the IT industry. International Journal of Humor Research, 20(2), 157187.Google Scholar
Rashid, M., Sambasivan, M., Johari, J. (2003). The influence of corporate culture and organizational commitment on performance. Journal of Management Development, 22(8), 708728.Google Scholar
Robertson, M., Swan, J. (2003). ‘Control – what control?’ Culture and ambiguity within a knowledge intensive firm. Journal of management Studies, 40(4), 831858.Google Scholar
Rousseau, D. (1990a). Organizational culture: A key to financial performance?. In B. Schneider (Ed.), Organizational climate and culture (pp. 153192). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Rousseau, D. (1990b). Normative beliefs in fund-raising organizations. Group and Organization Studies, 15(4), 448460.Google Scholar
Sackmann, S. (2011). Culture and performance. In N. Ashkanasy, C. Wilderom, & M. Peterson (Eds.), Handbook of organizational culture and climate (2nd ed., pp. 188224). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Sarros, J. C., Gray, J., Densten, I. L., Cooper, B. (2005). The organizational culture profile revisited and revised: An Australian perspective. Australian Journal of Management, 30(1), 159182.Google Scholar
Schein, E. H. (2009). The corporate culture survival guide. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Schneider, B., Bowen, D. E. (1985). Employee and customer perceptions of service in banks: Replication and extension. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70(3), 423433.Google Scholar
Schneider, B., Bowen, D. E. (1993). The service organization: Human resources management is critical. Organizational Dynamics, 21, 3952.Google Scholar
Schneider, B., Bowen, D. E. (1995). Winning the service game. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar
Schneider, B., White, S. S. (2004). Service quality: Research perspectives. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Schneider, B., White, S. S., Paul, M. C. (1998). Linking service climate and customer perceptions of service quality in banks: Test of causal model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 150163.Google Scholar
Schuler, R. S., Jackson, S. E. (1987). Linking competitive strategies with human resource practices. The Academy of Management Executive, 1(3), 207219.Google Scholar
Schwartz, H., Davis, S. M. (1981). Matching corporate culture and business strategy. Organizational Dynamics, 10, 3048.Google Scholar
Sheridan, J. E. (1992). Organizational culture and employee retention. Academy of Management Journal, 35(5), 10361056.Google Scholar
Shields, J. (2008). Managing employee performance and reward: Concepts, practices, strategies. Australia: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Siehl, C., Martin, J. (1990). Organizational culture: A key to financial performance?. In B. Schneider (Ed.), Organizational climate and culture (pp. 241281). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Skalen, P., Strandvik, T. (2005). From prescription to description: A critique and reorientation of service culture. Managing Service Quality, 15(3), 230244.Google Scholar
Sorensen, J. B. (2002). The strength of corporate culture and the reliability of firm performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47, 7091.Google Scholar
Stackman, R. W., Pinder, C. C., Connor, P. E. (2000). Values lost: Redirecting research on values in the workplace. In N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. M. Wilderom, & M. F. Peterson (Eds.), Handbook of organizational culture and climate (pp. 3754). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Svyantek, D. J., DeShon, R. P. (1993). Organizational attractors: A chaos theory explanation of why cultural change efforts often fail. Public Administration Quarterly, 17(3), 339355.Google Scholar
Teece, D., Pisano, G., Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509533.Google Scholar
Teo, S. T., Lakhani, B., Brown, D., Malmi, T. (2008). Strategic human resource management and knowledge workers. A case study of professional service firms. Management Research News, 31(9), 683696.Google Scholar
Van Maanen, J. (1991). The smile factory: Work at Disneyland. In P. Frost, L. Moore, M. Louis, C. Lundberg, & J. Martin (Eds.), Reframing organizational culture (pp. 5876). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Vandenberghe, C. (1996). Assessing organisational commitment in a Belgian context: Evidence for the three–dimensional model. Applied Psychology, 45(4), 371386.Google Scholar
Vargo, S. L., Lusch, R. F. (2004). Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing. Journal of Marketing, 68, 117.Google Scholar
von Nordenflycht, A. (2010). What is a professional service firm? Towards a theory and taxonomy of knowledge-intensive firms. Academy of Management Review, 35(1), 155174.Google Scholar
Wartick, S. L. (1992). The relationship between intense media exposure and change in corporate reputation. Business and Society, 31, 3349.Google Scholar
Wilderom, C., Glunk, U., Maslowski, R. (2000). Organizational culture as a predictor of organizational performance. In N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. M. Wilderom, & M. F. Peterson (Eds.), Handbook of organizational culture and climate (pp. 193210). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Wick, C., Leon, L. (1995). Creating a learning organization: From ideas to action. Human Resource Management, 34(2), 299311.Google Scholar
Zerbe, W. J., Dobni, D., Harel, G. H. (1998). Promoting employee service behavior: The role of perceptions of human resource management practices and service culture. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 15(2), 165179.Google Scholar