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HRM: A Management Science in Need of Discipline

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2015

Ray W. Cooksey  and
G. Richard Gates
Ray W. Cooksey
Affiliation:
Department of Marketing and Management and the Graduate School of Business Administration, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia, Tel: 067 73 2563, Fax: 067 73 3914, Email: [email protected]
G. Richard Gates
Affiliation:
Department of Marketing and Management and the Graduate School of Business Administration, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia, Tel: 067 73 2566, Fax: 067 73 3461, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Human Resource Management (HRM), as a sub-discipline of management science, is in its infancy. HRM practices are often Utopian in expectation and fail to incorporate a realistic view of existing knowledge bases in the psychological, social, and biological sciences. The HRM discipline relies upon theoretical approaches (eg theories of motivation, satisfaction, and performance) which are: (1) almost invariably linear in conceptualisation and depend largely upon correlational evidence, (2) frequently validated within nonrepresentative contexts that are overly constrained by researchers and (3) overly simplistic in that the constraints and patterns imposed by our biological, psychological and social systems are frequently ignored or assumed to constitute random error within the models. This frequently translates into HRM practices which map reasonably well onto theory yet fall short of yielding expected outcomes. The theories do not match the realities observed. We point to nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory as a way of conceptualising how common HRM practices may translate into observable outcomes. Such an approach will force managers to pull back from simple reliance on linear predictions and realise that truly effective HRM practices should be sensitive to the unique, complex and less systematically predictable patterns of human behaviour.

Keywords

Human Resource ManagementBehavioural ScienceNonlinear Dynamic SystemsHRM Theory vs Practice
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Management & Organization , Volume 1 , Issue 1 , January 1995 , pp. 1 - 16
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 1995

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