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Supplemental relative clauses: Internal and external syntax1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2012

RUSSELL LEE-GOLDMAN
RUSSELL LEE-GOLDMAN*
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley
*
Author's address: Department of Linguistics, University of California, Berkeley, 1203 Dwinelle Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA[email protected]
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Abstract

The internal syntactic structures of restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses are largely identical. This paper argues that despite a uniform internal structure, the external distributions – specifically, linearization with respect to the head – of non-restrictive relative clauses are subject to several conditions. In particular, sentential non-restrictive relative clauses with which and what can appear to the left of their heads in limited (and distinct) syntactic contexts. These lexical and syntactic constraints are represented within the framework of Sign-based Construction Grammar. In light of these observations, the paper revisits claims about the internal structure of parenthetical as-clauses. Prior claims that as cannot be a relativizer are shown to be unfounded, and new data are presented in favor of treating them as relative clauses with the external distribution of sentential adverbials. This is possible given the ability to state separately specifications of construction-internal syntactic structure and construction-external linear-order constraints.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Linguistics , Volume 48 , Issue 3 , November 2012 , pp. 573 - 608
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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Footnotes

[1]

Thanks to audiences at the 2007 Annual Meeting of the LSA in Anaheim, GURT 2007, and the 34th Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society for helpful comments and criticisms on earlier versions of this material. I also benefited greatly from discussions with Michael Ellsworth, Chuck Fillmore, Paul Kay, Line Mikkelsen, Chris Potts, Russell Rhodes, Josef Ruppenhofer, Eve Sweetser, and from the comments of the two Journal of Linguistics referees. Any remaining errors are my responsibility.

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