Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 November 2008
1. Three stages of Hebrew are covered by the enquiry:
(a) a Proto-Hebrew stage (= PH), when I assume Hebrew to have conformed to the language structure of the common Northwest Semitic of the second millennium B.C. Its lineaments can be recovered by a backward reconstruction from the following stage controlled by comparison with the surviving second millennium dialects, Amorite (see Gelb, 1958), Ugaritic (see Gordon, 1955) and Tell el-Amarna Canaanite (see Dhorme, 1951). The theory that Northwest Semitic at this early period was more or less a unity and that a division into Aramaic and Canaanite sub-groupings can be safely carried through only after about 1000 B.C. is now generally accepted; see Moscati, 1956; Garbini, 1960.