Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T06:38:43.992Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Harnessing the Public Health Power of Model Codes to Increase Drinking Water Access in Schools and Childcare

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2021

Extract

Drinking water is an important health behavior to support overall child health. Research indicates that children are consuming too little water and too many sugary drinks. Overconsumption of sugary drinks increases child risk for the epidemics of obesity and diet-related chronic diseases like type-II diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. Increasing access to appealing, low-cost drinking water in schools and childcare where children spend much of their time supports efforts to reduce sugary drink consumption. Drinking water infrastructure is key to water access in childcare and schools. In 2012-2013, almost one-third of permanent U.S. school buildings had plumbing systems in fair or poor condition, and almost 40 percent had major renovations or repairs planned.3 Basic plumbing standards for new construction and major renovations or repairs are contained in state and local plumbing codes, and many of these codes are derived from model codes established by private organizations. This article describes the model code process and intervention points where the public health community can work to improve plumbing standards in school buildings and childcare centers.

Type
JLME Supplement
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of Law, Medicine and Ethics 2015

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Miller, P. E. et al., “Sugar Sweetened Beverage Consumption in the U.S.: Novel Assessment Methodology,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 45, no. 4 (2013): 416421.Google Scholar
Malik, V. S. et al., “Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Weight Gain in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 98, no. 4 (2013): 1084–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, D. Lewis, L., National Center for Education Statistics, Condition of America's Public School Facilities: 2012–13 (First Look), NCES 2014–022 (2014): at 3.Google Scholar
Bialous, S. Glantz, S. A., “ASHRAE Standard 62: Tobacco Industry's Influence over National Ventilation Standards,” Tobacco Control 11 (2002): 315328.Google Scholar
Rabin, R., “The Lead Industry and Lead Water Pipes ‘A Modest Campaign,”’ American Journal of Public Health 98, no. 9 (2008): 15841592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cradock, A. L. et al., “Getting Back on Tap: The Policy Context and Cost of Ensuring Access to Low-Cost Drinking Water in Massachusetts Schools,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 43, no. 3, Supp. 2 (2012): S95S101.Google Scholar
Drewnowski, A. et al., “Water and Beverage Consumption Among Children Age 4–13y in the United States: Analyses of 2005–2010 NHANES Data,” Nutrition Journal 12, no. 1 (2013): 19, at 3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pape, T. E., “Plumbing Codes and Water Efficiency: What's a Water Utility to Do?” American Water Works Association Journal 100, no. 5 (2008): 101103, at 103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bouton, M. A., “Plumbing Codes in Public Health,” American Journal of Public Health 46, no. 11 (1956): 14391443, at 1439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“International Codes-Adoption by State (September 2014),” International Code Council, available at <http://www.iccsafe.org/gr/Documents/stateadoptions.pdf> (last visited February 18, 2015).+(last+visited+February+18,+2015).>Google Scholar
Edwards, W., “The International Building Codes,” Proceedings: 28th RCI International Convention and Trade Show, March 14–19, 2013 (2013): 8092, at 81; International Code Council, ICC Code Development Process, available at <http://www.iccsafe.org/gr/Documents/HSTTP/ICC_CodeDevelopmentProcess.pdf> (last visited February 18, 2015).+(last+visited+February+18,+2015).>Google Scholar
International Code Council, “2012 International Plumbing Code § 403.1,” available at <http://publicecodes.cyberregs.com/icod/ipc/2012/icod_ipc_2012_4_par008.htm?bu2=undefined> (last visited February 18, 2015).+(last+visited+February+18,+2015).>Google Scholar
International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, “2012 Uniform Plumbing Code: Table 422.1,” available at <https://archive.org/stream/2012UPC/2012%20UPC#page/n59/mode/1up> (last visited February 18, 2015).+(last+visited+February+18,+2015).>Google Scholar
International Code Council, “2000 International Plumbing Code § 410.1,” available at <http://publicecodes.cyberregs.com/icod/ipc/2000/icod_ipc_2000_4_sec010.htm> (last visited February 18, 2015).+(last+visited+February+18,+2015).>Google Scholar
International Code Council, 2009 International Plumbing Code Commentary (2010): At 4–49.Google Scholar
Yu, Z. L. T. et al., “Critical Review: Regulatory Incentives and Impediments for Onsite Graywater Reuse in the United States,” Water Environment Research 85, no. 7 (2013): 650662, at 660.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, F. S., “Looking Glass Law: Legislation by Reference in the States,” Louisiana Law Review 68, no. 4 (2008): 12011283, at 1259.Google Scholar
McQuillin: The Law of Municipal Corporations (3d. ed.) § 24:515 (2014).Google Scholar
“Schools and School Districts: Attempted Regulation of State School and University Construction under Municipal Building Codes,” University of Pennsylvania Law Review 109, no. 6 (1961): 903906, at 904 (internal quotes omitted).Google Scholar
See McQuillin: The Law of Municipal Corporations, supra note 22.Google Scholar