¹ This period is comprehensively surveyed in Weinstein, Barbara, The Amazon Rubber Boom 1850–1920 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1983)Google Scholar. This is reviewed by Fifer, J. V. in Journal of Latin American Studies, vol. 16, (1984), pp. 516–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

² Meggers, B. J., Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise (Chicago: Aldine Publishing Co., 1971)Google Scholar; Wagley, C., Amazon Town: a Study of Man in The Tropics (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964).Google Scholar

³ Examples of such work include the BBC TV series ‘Brazil, Brazil’ (guide, viewers': Brazil, Brazil (London: BBC Education, 1985))Google Scholar; Seymour, J. & Giradet, H., Far from Paradise: the Story of Man's Impact on the Environment (London: BBC, 1986Google Scholar) written to accompany a TV series of the same title; Holdstock, R., The Emerald Forest (Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1985Google Scholar) ‘the book of the film script’ and Boorman, J., Money into Light: the Emerald Forest (London: Faber & Faber, 1985)Google Scholar, the book of the making of the film!

⁴ Bourne, R., Assault on the Amazon (London: Victor Gollancz, 1978).Google Scholar

⁵ Goodland, R. J. A. & Irwin, H. S., Amazon Jungle: Green Hell to Red Desert? (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1975).Google Scholar

⁶ Davis, S. H., Victims of the Miracle (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977).Google Scholar

⁷ Wagley, C., (ed.), Man in the Amazon (Gainesville: the University Presses of Florida, 1974).Google Scholar

⁸ Caulfield, C., In the Rainforest (London: William Heinemann, 1985).Google Scholar

⁹ Ibid., p. 38. A recent study is highly critical of the way such figures are arrived at and suggests a much lower rate of loss, of 17.5 million acres. Simon, J. L., ‘Disappearing Species, Deforestation and Data’, New Scientist, 15 05 1986, pp. 60–3.Google Scholar

¹⁰ Branford, S. and Glock, O., The Last Frontier: Fighting over Land in the Amazon (London: Zed Books, 1985).Google Scholar

¹¹ Ibid., p. 133.

¹² Kelly, B. and London, M., Amazon (London: Robert Hale, 1984).Google Scholar

¹³ Moran, E. F., Developing the Amazon (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1981).Google Scholar

¹⁴ Smith, N. J. H., Rainforest Corridors: The Transamazon Colonization Scheme (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982).Google Scholar

¹⁵ Smith, N. J. H., Man, Fishes and the Amazon (New York: Columbia University Press, 1981)Google Scholar. See also Goulding, M., The Fishes and the Forest (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980)Google Scholar and Man and Fisheries on an Amazon Frontier (The Hague: Junk, 1981).Google Scholar

¹⁶ Barbira-Scazzochio, F. (ed.) Land, People and Planning in Contemporary Amazonia (Cambridge: Centre of Latin American Studies, 1980).Google Scholar

¹⁷ M. E. Medina, ‘The Amazonian Pact, a General Analysis’, in F. Barbira-Scazzochio, op. cit., pp. 58–71.

¹⁸ P. A. Furley, ‘Development Planning in Rondônia based on Natural Renewable Resource Surveys’, in F. Barbira-Scazzochio, op. cit., pp. 37–45.

¹⁹ Moran, E. F., (ed.), The Dilemma of Amazonian Development (Boulder: Westview Press, 1983).Google Scholar

²⁰ E. F. Moran, ‘Growth without Development: Past and Present Development Efforts in Amazonia’, in E. F. Moran op. cit. pp. 3–23.

²¹ D. J. Mahar, ‘Development of the Brazilian Amazon: Prospects for the 1980s, Ibid., pp. 319–24. Mahar's, Frontier Development Policy in Brazil: a Study of Amazonia (New York: Praeger, 1979Google Scholar) is the most comprehensive survey of Brazil's Amazonian policies.

²² Hemming, J. (ed.), Change in the Amazon Basin (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1985, 2 vols), vol. 1Google Scholar, Man's Impact on Forests and Rivers; vol. 2, The Frontier After a Decade of Colonisation. £24.50 and £27.50. Pp. ix + 222 and viii + 295.Google Scholar

²³ R. Goodland, ‘Brazil's Environmental Progress in Amazonian Development’, in J. Hemming, op. cit. vol. 1, pp. 5–35; R. F. Skillings, ‘Economic Development of the Brazilian Amazon: Opportunities and Constraints’, Ibid., 36–43.

²⁴ L. J. A. Mougeot, ‘Alternative Migration Targets and Brazilian Amazonia's Closing Frontier’, Ibid., vol. 2, pp. 51–90.

²⁵ Prance, G. T. & Lovejoy, T. E. (eds), Amazonia (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1985).Google Scholar

²⁶ Bunker, S. G., Underdeveloping the Amazon (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985). $24.50. Pp. 279.Google Scholar

²⁷ Moran, op. cit. p. 3.

²⁸ Kelly and London, op. cit., p. 34.

²⁹ Tamar, A., Transamazônica: solução para 2001 (Rio de Janeiro: APEC, 1970)Google Scholar; Pereira, O. Duarte, A Transamazônica: prós e contras (Rio de Janeiro: Civilizaçào Brasileira, 1971)Google Scholar; Valverde, O. and Dias, C. Vergolino, A rodovia Belém-Brasília (Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia, 1967)Google Scholar; Valverde, O. (ed), A organização do espaço na faixa da Transamazônica (Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia, 1979).Google Scholar

³⁰ Tavares, V. Porto et al. , Colonização dirigida no Brasil (Rio de Janeiro: Instituto de Planejamento Econômico e Social [IPEA], 1972Google Scholar; Mahar, D. J., Desenvolvimento econômico da Amazônia (Rio de Janeiro: IPEA, 1978)Google Scholar; da Costa, J. M. Monteiro (ed.), Amazônia: desenvolvimento e ocupação (Rio de Janeiro: IPEA, 1979).Google Scholar

³¹ Valverde, O. and de Freitas, T. L. Reis, O problema florestal da Amazônia Brasileira (Petrópolis: Vozes, 1980); 1Google Scholar. Filho, Garrido, O projeto Jari e os capitais estrangeiros na Amazônia (Petrópolis: Vozes, 1980).Google Scholar

³² Becker, B. K., Geopolítica da Amazônia: a nova fronteira de recursos (Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 1982).Google Scholar

³³ J. Hemming, op. cit.; G. T. Prance & T. E. Lovejoy, op cit.

³⁴ E. Moran, op. cit., pp. 325–7; G. T. Prance & T. E. Lovejoy, op. cit., p. xiii.

³⁵ J. Hemming, op. cit., vol. 1, pp. vi–vii and vol. 2, pp. vii–viii.

³⁶ C. Wagley, op. cit., p. 5.

³⁷ J. Hemming, op. cit., vol. 1, p. 2.

³⁸ Ibid., vol. 2, p. 2. The title of Bunker's, Stephen essay ‘Misdirected Expertise in an Unknown Environment’ (pp. 102–18Google Scholar) might here be used as a double-edged weapon!