¹ The three major academic programmes on US–Mexican relations are UCMEXUS, a consortium of the University of California campuses; PROFMEX, the consortium of US research programmes for Mexico which includes Arizona, Arizona State, New Mexico, New Mexico State, Stanford, Texas at Austin and at El Paso, UCLA and UCSD, the Wilson Center and the Overseas Development Council; and the Centro de Estudios Fronterizos del Norte de Mexico at Tijuana.

² Arthur, G. Pettit, Images of the Mexican American in Fiction and Film, edited with an introduction by Dennis, E. Showalter (College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 1980, $19.50). Pp. xxv + 282.Google Scholar This is a popular culture analysis. For a different approach see Cecil, Robinson, With the Ears of Strangers: the Mexican in American Literature (Tuscon: University of Arizona Press, 1963).Google Scholar

³ Carey, Mc Williams, North from Mexico: Spanish speaking Peoples of the United States (New York: Greenwood Press, 1968; reprint of the 1948 edition).Google ScholarWalter, Prescott Webb, The Great Plains (New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1974) is still the best account of why the Spaniards failed on the Great Plains.Google ScholarWayne, Moquin and Charles, van Doren, A documentary history of the Mexican Americans (New York: Bantam Books, 1972) is one among many useful readers.Google Scholar Another, stressing the Indian dimensions, is Jack, D. Forbes, Aztecas del Norte: the Chicanos of Atzlan (Greenwich, Conn.: Fawcett, 1978).Google Scholar

⁴ Leonard, Pitt, The Decline of the Californios: a Social History of the Spanish-speaking Californians, 1846–1890 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966).Google Scholar

⁵ Pablo, Neruda, Splendor and Death of Joaquin Murieta, trans. Ben, Belitt (London, Alcove Press, 1973).Google Scholar See also Castillo, P. and Camarillo, A., Furia y muerte: los bandidos Chicanos, Monograph no. 4, Chicano Studies Center, UCLA.Google Scholar

⁶ Richard, Gardner, Grito! Reies Tijerina and the New Mexico Land Grant War of 1967 (New York: Harper's, 1970).Google Scholar A useful historical analysis is Frances, Leon Swadesh, Los primeros pobladores; Hispanic Americans on the Ute frontier (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1974).Google Scholar

⁷ Abraham, Hoffman, Unwanted Mexican Americans in the Great Depression; Repatriation Pressures, 1929–1939 (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1974).Google ScholarFrancisco, Balderrama, In Defense of La Raza: the Los Angeles Mexican American community, 1929–1936 (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1981. Pp. xii + 137).Google Scholar

⁷ See ‘“Mexican American” and “Chicano” – emerging terms for a people coming of age’, by Nostrand, R. L. in Norris, Hundley (ed.) The Chicano (Santa Barbara: Clio Books, 1975).Google Scholar For a critical view which questions the validity of the term from a folklorist's perspective, see José, A. Limón, ‘The folk performance of “Chicano” and the cultural limits of political ideology”, in Bauman, R. and Abrahams, R. D., ‘And other Neighbourlj Names’: Social Process and Cultural Image in Texas Folklore (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981).Google Scholar

⁹ Rodolfo, Acuña, Occupied America: the Chicano Struggle for Liberation (San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1972);Google ScholarGrebler, L., Moore, J. W. and Guzman, R. C., The Mexican American people (New York: Free Press, 1970).Google Scholar

¹⁰ Edward, Spicer, Cycles of Conquest: the impact of Spain, Mexico and the United States on the Indians of the South West, 1533–1960 (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1976);Google ScholarSpicer, E. M. and Thompson, R. H., Plural Society in the South West (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1972).Google Scholar

¹¹ Edward, Murguía, Assimilation, Colonialism and the Mexican American People (Austin: University of Texas Press, Mexican American Monograph series, no. I 1975).Google Scholar

¹² Ronald, B. Taylor, Chavez and the Farm Workers: a Study in the Acquisition and Abuse of Power (New York: Beacon Press, 1975) is one of many journalists' accounts.Google Scholar

¹³ See Acuña's critique of Corwin's chapter ‘Mexican American history: an assessment’ in Hundley, op. cit., pp. 41–7.

¹⁴ Some of the attitudes have been perpetuated by Anglo anthropologists. See Américo Parades' criticism of Madsen, The Mexican Americans of South Texas in the key essay ‘Ethnographic work among minority groups’ in Romo, R. and Paredes, R. (eds.), New Directions in Chicano Scholarship (La Jolla: University of California at San Diego, 1978).Google Scholar

¹ Stanley, L. Robe, Azuela and the Mexican underdogs (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979).Google Scholar

¹⁶ Lowell, Blaisdell, The Desert Revolution: Baja California, 1911 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1962);Google ScholarDirk, Raat, Revoltosos: Mexico's rebels in the United States, 1903–1923 (College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 1981, $22.30). Pp. xviii + 344.Google Scholar

¹⁷ Paul, S. Taylor, Mexican Labor in the United States (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1928–1932).Google ScholarErnesto, Galarza, Spiders in the House and Workers in the Field (Notre Dame, Notre Dame University Press, 1970).Google Scholar

¹⁸ Américo, Paredes (ed.), Humanidad: Essays in Honor of George I. Sáenche (monograph of the Center of Chicano Studies, UCLA).Google Scholar

²⁰ Lewis, Hanke (ed.), Did the Americas have a Common History? A Critique of the Bolton Thesis (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1968);Google ScholarJohn, Francis Bannon, The Spanish Borderlands Frontier, 1513–1821 (New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1970), and its continuation,Google ScholarDavid, J. Weber, The Mexican Frontier, 1821–1846 (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1982).Google Scholar

²⁰ Manuel, Gamio, Mexican Immigration to the United States (Chicago, 1930)Google Scholar and The Mexican Immigrant. his Life Story (Chicago, 1930).Google Scholar

²¹ Galarza, E., Barrio boy (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1971). A comparison with Oscar Z. Acosta, Autobiography of a Brown Buffalo (1972) illustrates the gulf between the generations. The most recent treatment, stressing push factors,Google Scholar is Lawrence, Cardoso, Mexican Immgration to the United States, 1897–1931 (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1980, $8.95). Pp. xvii+ 192.Google Scholar

²² Harry, E. Cross and James, A. Sandos, Across the Border: Rural Development and Recent Migration to the United Slates (Berkeley: Institute of Governmental Studies, 1981, n.p.s.). Pp. xvii + 200.Google Scholar

²³ Mario, T. Garcia, Desert Immigrants: the Mexicans of El Paso, 1880–1920 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981, $14. 50). Pp. xii + 316.Google ScholarOscar, J. Martinez, Border Boom Town: Ciudad J·rez since 1848 (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1978, $12.95 ). Pp. xvi + 231.Google Scholar

²⁴ Raul, A. Fernández, The United States–Mexican Border: a politico-economic profile (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1977, n.p.s.). Pp. 174.Google Scholar

²⁵ House, J. W., Frontier on the Rio Grande: a Political Geography of Development and Social Deprivation (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982, £17.50). Pp. xx x 281.Google Scholar

²⁶ Stanley, R. Ross (ed), Views across the Border: the United States and Mexico (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press), 1978, Pp. xiv + 456.Google Scholar

²⁷ A comparative project entitled ‘Divided peoples in a divided world: a comparison of the Mexican and Nigerian people's experience of partition’ is being carried out by Professor A. I. Asiwaju and Dr R. Gravil of the University of Lagos, Nigeria.

²⁸ Julian, Samora, Los Mojados: the Wetback Story (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1971).Google Scholar

²⁹ Alberto, Camarillo, Chicanos in a Changing Society: from Mexican pueblos to American barrios in Santa Barbara and southern California, 1848–1930 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univerisity Press, 1979 £10.50). Pp. xiii + 326.Google Scholar

³⁰ The debate about Jamaican English – language or dialect? echoes this.

³¹ There is a huge literature on bilingualism but see Rosaura Sánchez, ‘Chicano bilingualism’ in Paredes and Romo, op. cit., and also the chapter by Rodolfo Jacobson on code-switching.

³² For the views of Chicano writers on this, see Bruce, Novoa, Chicano Authors: Inquiry by Interview (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1980).Google Scholar The problem of the critical evaluation of Chicano literature and the formalist, culturalist and historical-dialectical approaches are discussed by Joseph Sommers in Sommers, J. and Tomas, Ybarro-Frausto, Modern Chicano Writers (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1979).Google Scholar

³³ Américo, Paredes, With his Pistol in his Hand: a Border Ballad and its Hero (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1958)Google Scholar and his A Texas Mexican Cancionero: Folk-songs of the Lower Border (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1976).Google Scholar

³⁴ Dan, W. Dickey, The Kennedy Corridos: a Study of the Ballads of a Mexican American Hero (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1978, n.p.s.). Pp. 127. For corridos and immigrants,Google Scholar see Celestino, Fernández, ‘The Mexican immigration experience and the Corrido Mixicano’, in Studies in Latin American Popular Culture, vol. 2 (1983).Google Scholar

³⁵ Vol. III of Texas-Mexican Border Music. Folklyric Records. Arhoolie Records no. 9005.

³⁶ With a Comparative Literature specialist, Dr Susan Basnett, and Dr David Walker, a Visiting Fulbright Fellow, although neither shares any responsibility for the views expressed here.