Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T23:22:49.416Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A review of the definition, terminology and pathology of aural cholesteatoma

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2007

A. Ferlito
A. Ferlito*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Padua, Italy
*
Professor A. Ferlito, ENT Department, University of Padua, Nuovo Policlinico, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padua, Italy. Fax:(49) 8755292
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Despite a considerable amount of discussion and research in the course of many years, aural cholesteatoma has remained a matter of controversy. This review concerns only the definition, terminology and pathology of this common and severe disease.

Keywords

Cholesteatomadefinitionterminologypathology
Type
Review Article
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 107 , Issue 6 , June 1993 , pp. 483 - 488
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abramson, M., Gants, B. J., Asarch, R. G., Litton, W. B. (1977) Cholesteatoma pathogenesis: evidence for the migration theory. In Cholesteatoma. First International Conference. (McCabe, B. F., Sadé, J., Abramson, M., eds.), Aesculapius, Birmingham, pp 176–186.Google Scholar
Antony, P. F., Antony, W. P. (1982) Surgical treatment of external auditory canal cholesteatoma. Laryngoscope 92: 70–75CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, L., Peel, R. L. (1990) Head and Neck Pathology. A text/atlas of differential diagnosis, Igaku-Shoin, New York.Google Scholar
Bhide, A. R., Kale, R. V., Pai, R. P. N., Tepan, M. G., Pandit, M. S., Raleraskar, A. R. (1973) An extensive cholesteatoma of the external ear. Case report. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 87: 705–708CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birrell, J. F. (1958) Cholesteatosis of the attic. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 72: 620–625CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birrell, J. F (1956) Black cellular cholesteatosis. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 70: 260–282CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bodelet, B., Wayoff, M. (1972) Métaplasie et cholestéatome. Annales d'Otolaryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale 89: 411–418Google Scholar
Brémond, G., Magnan, J., De Micco, C. (1975) Les aspects microscopiques du cholestéatome. Les Cahiers d'Otorhinolaryngologie, de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale et d'Audiophonologie 10: 303–311Google Scholar
Brémond, G., Magnan, J. (1977) Evidence for the migration theory: ultrastructural cell types in the epithelial layer of cholesteatoma. In Cholesteatoma. First International Conference. (McCabe, B. F, Sadé, J., Abramson, M., eds.), Aesculapius, Birmingham, pp 187–192.Google Scholar
Broekaert, D. (1991) The problem of middle ear cholesteatoma: etiology, genesis and pathobiology. A review. Acta Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica Belgica 45: 355–367Google ScholarPubMed
Broekaert, D., Coucke, P., Leperque, S., Ramaekers, F.,Van Muijen, G., Boedts. D., Leigh, I., Lane, B. (1992) Immunohistochemical analysis of the cytokeratin expression in middle ear cholesteatoma and related epithelial tissues. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 101: 931–938CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chao, W. -Y., Huang, C. -C. (1989) An immunocytochemical study of cytokeratin expression in human middle ear cholesteatoma. Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 246: 37–42CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cody, D. T. R. (1977) The definition of cholesteatoma. In Cholesteatoma. First International Conference. (McCabe, B. F., Sadé, J., Abramson, M., eds.), Aesculapius, Birmingham, pp 6–9.Google Scholar
Cornil, and Ranvier, (1891) [Quoted by Turco A., (1926)] Contributo allo studio del colesteatoma della mammella. Annali Italiani di Chirurgia 14: 195–208Google Scholar
Craigie, D. [Quoted by Virchow, R. (1828)] Elements of General and Pathological Anatomy Adapted by the Present State of Knowledge in that Science, 2nd edn., Black, Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Critchley, M., Ferguson, F. R. (1928) The cerebrospinal epidermoids (cholesteatoma). Brain 51: 334–384CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cruveilhier, J. (1829) Anatomie Pathologique du Corps Humaine, Baillière, Paris.Google Scholar
Cushing, H. (1922) A large epidermal cholesteatoma of the parietotemporal region deforming the left hemisphere without cerebral symptom. Surgery, Gynaecology and Obstetrics 34: 557–566Google Scholar
David, I. (1934) Cholestéatome primitif du temporal avec malformation congénitale du pavilIon de l'oreille et absence du conduit auditif exteme. Revue de Laryngologie Otologie Rhinologie 55: 511–523Google Scholar
Derlacki, E. L., Harrison, W. H., Clemis, J. D. (1968) Congenital cholesteatoma of the middle ear and mastoid: a second report presenting seven additional cases. Laryngoscope 78: 1050–1078CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dominguez, S., Harker, L. A. (1988) Incidence of cholesteatoma with cleft palate. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 97: 659–660CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Du Verney, J. G. (1683) Traité de l'Organe de l'Oüie, Michallet, Paris.Google Scholar
Eggston, A. A., Wolff, D. (1947) Histopathology of the Ear, Nose and Throat, William & Wilkins, Baltimore.Google Scholar
Ferlito, A. (1970) Considerazioni sulla patogenesi del cosiddetto colesteatoma dell'orecchio medio. Otorinolaringologia Italiana 39: 185–201Google Scholar
Ferlito, A. (1973 a) Studio istopatologico ed istochimico della mucosa dell'orecchio medio nella otite media purulenta cronica (indagine su 31 pazienti operati di timpanoplastica). Nuovo Archivio Italiano di Otologia, Rinologia e Laringologia 1: 22–75Google Scholar
Ferlito, A. (1973 b) Le ‘cholestéatome’ de l'oreille moyenne et le granulome à cholestéerol: considérations histopathologiques et cliniques. Annales d'Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale 90: 697–710Google Scholar
Ferlito, A. (1974 a) Pathology of chronic suppurative otitis media. A histological and histochemical study. ORL Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and its Borderlands 36: 257–274Google ScholarPubMed
Ferlito, A. (1974 b) Patologia della otomastoidite purulenta cronica. Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. S. VIII, XII (Sez. III): 53–105.Google Scholar
Ferlito, A. (1975) Proposition de classification des processus inflammatoires non-spécifiques et spécifiques, aigus et chroniques, de l'oreille moyenne et de leurs séquelles. Revue de Laryngologie Otologie Rhinologie 96: 473–501Google Scholar
Ferlito, A. (1979) Histopathogenesis of tympanosclerosis. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 93: 25–37CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferlito, A. (1982) El denominado colesteatoma aural. Revisiòn. Anales Otorrinolaringologicos Ibero-Americanos 9: 431–460Google Scholar
Friedmann, I. (1957) Epidermoid cholesteatoma and cholesterol granuloma of the ear. Lancet 1: 639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedmann, I. (1959) Epidermoid cholesteatoma and cholesterol granuloma. Experimental and human. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 68: 57–79CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedmann, I. (1970) The pathology of deafness. In Ciba Foundations Symposium Sensorineural Hearing Loss. (Wolstenholme, G. E. W., Knight, J., eds.). Churchill-Livingstone, Londonx.Google Scholar
Friedmann, I. (1974) Pathology of the Ear, Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar
Friedmann, I. (1977) The pathology of epidermoid cholesteatoma: human and experimental. In Cholesteatoma. First International Conference, (McCabe, B. F., Sadé, J., Abramson, M., eds.), Aesculapius, Birmingham, pp 10–22.Google Scholar
Friedmann, I. (1978) Pathology of the ear: selected topics. In Pathology Annual (Part 1), Vol. 13, Appleton-Century-Crofts, pp 364–410.Google Scholar
Friedmann, I. (1981) Personal communication.Google Scholar
Gantz, B. J. (1984) Epidermal Langerhans cells in cholesteatoma. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 93: 150–156CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gignoux, M. (1953) Imperforation du conduit auditif exteme avec cholestéatome. Journal Francais d'Otorhinolaryngologie 2: 768–770Google Scholar
Goldofsky, E., Hoffman, R. A., Holliday, R. A., Cohen, N. L. (1991) Cholesterol cysts of the temporal bone: diagnosis and treatment. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 100: 181–187CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goufas, G. (1932) Malformation congénitale probable des oreilles exteme et moyenne gauches, avec ostéite chrooique du tympanal, réchauffée et extériorisée, et coexistence cholestèatomateuse primitive, enkystée, de la cavité tympanale. Annales d'Otolaryngologie 12: 1362–1368Google Scholar
Gray, J. D. (1964) [Quoted by Bhide, A. R. et al. (1973) ].Google Scholar
Griffin, C., DeLaPaz, R., Dieter, E. (1987) MR and CT correlation cysts of the petrous bone. American Journal of Neuroradiology 8: 825–829Google ScholarPubMed
Harris, I., Weiss, L. (1962) Tympanosclerosis: superficial and embedded forms. Transactions of American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology 66: 683–713Google Scholar
Holleman, I. L. (1965) Diseases of the ear. In Human Pathology. (Morehead, R. P., ed.), McGraw-Hill, New York.Google Scholar
Huang, T-S. (1986) Double intratemporal congenital cholesteatomas combined with ossicular anomalies. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 95: 401–403CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hyams, V. J. (1987) Pathology of tumours of the Year. In Comprehensive Management of Head and Neck Tumours. (Tawley, S. E., Panje, W. R., Batsakis, J. G., Lindberg, R. D., eds.), Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 168–180.Google Scholar
Ikeda, M. (1968) Electron microscopic studies of the fine structures of cholesteatoma epidermis. Journal of Otolaryngology of Japan 71: 84–91Google Scholar
Jahrsdoerfer, R. A. (1978) Congenital atresia of the ear. Laryngoscope 88 (Suppl.13).Google ScholarPubMed
Kaneko, Y., Yuasa, R., Ise, I., lino, Y., Shinkawa, H., Rokugo, M., Tomioka, S., Shibahara, Y. (1980) Bone destruction due to the rupture of a cholesteatoma sac: a pathogenesis of bone destruction in aural cholesteatoma. Laryngoscope 90: 1865–1871Google Scholar
Kerstetter, J. R., Dolan, K. D. (1991) Middle ear cholesterol granuloma. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 100: 866–868CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laurence, E. B. (1977) Factors affecting the organization and renewal of epidermis. In Cholesteatoma. First International Conference. (McCabe, B. F., Sadé, J., Abramson, M., eds.), Aesculapius, Birmingham, pp 23–27.Google Scholar
Lee, R. J., Mackenzie, I. C., Hall, B. K., Gantz, B. J. (1991) The nature of the epithelium in acquired cholesteatoma. Clinical Otolaryngology 16: 168–173Google ScholarPubMed
Lim, D. J., Saunders, W. H. (1972) Acquired cholesteatoma: light and electron microscopic observations. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 81: 2–12CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lim, D. J., Birck, H. G., Saunders, W. H. (1977) Aural cholesteatoma and epidermization: a fine morphological study. In Cholestealoma. First International Conference. (McCabe, B. F, Sadé, J., Abramson, M., eds.), Aesculapius, Birmingham, pp 233–252.Google Scholar
Mann, W., Jonas, I., Riede, U. N., Beck, ChI., Lhle, E. (1981) A contribution to the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma. A histochemical and ultrastructural study. Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 230: 121–132CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, N., Sterkers, O., Mompoint, D., Julien, N., Nahum, H. (1989) Cholesterol granulomas of the middle ear cavities: MR imaging. Radiology 172: 521–525CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mawson, S. R. (1974) Diseases of the Ear, 3rd edn., Arnold, Oxford.Google Scholar
McCabe, B. F, Sadé, J., Abramson, M. (1976) Summary reports on National-International Conferences. First International Conference on Cholesteatoma. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 85: 844–845CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGuckin, F. (1963) A critical analysis of certain cases of destructive ear disease. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 77: 115–121CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyerhoff, W., Truelson, J. (1986) Cholesteatoma staging. Laryngoscope 96: 935–939CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Michaels, L. (1988) Origin of congenital cholesteatoma from a normally occurring epidermoid rest in the developing middle ear. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 15: 51–65CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Michaels, L. (1990) Atlas of Ear, Nose and Throat Pathology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mills, R., Graham, M. (1986) The development of cholesteatoma in association with congenital abnormalities of the ear. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 100: 1063–1066CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Müller, J. (1838) Von der geschichteten Perlmütter-glänzenden Fettgeschwulst: Cholesteatoma. In Uber den feineren Bau und die Formen der krankhaften Geschwülste, Reimer, Berlin.Google Scholar
Nager, G. T. (1981) Epidermoids involving the temporal bone: clinical radiological and pathological aspects. In Second International Conference on Cholesteatoma and Mastoid Surgery, Tel-Aviv, Israel, p33 (abstract).Google Scholar
Ombrédanne, M. (1976) [Quoted by Jahrsdoerfer, R. A. (1978) ]Google Scholar
Ombrédanne, M., Porte, L. (1962) Cholestéatome primitif de la caisse et anaplasie mineure. Annales d'tholaryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale 79: 427–430Google Scholar
Paludetti, G., Almadori, G., Ottaviani, F, Rosignoli, M., Rossodivita, M., D'Alatri, L. (1989) Contributo allo studio degli aspetti ultrastrutturali del colesteatoma dell'orecchio medio. Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica 9: 169–180Google Scholar
Peron, D. L., Schuknecht, H. F. (1975) Congenital cholesteatomata with other anomalies. Archives of Otolaryngology 101: 498–505CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Piepergerdes, J. C., Kramer, B. M., Behnke, E. E. (1980) Keratosis obturans and external auditory canal cholesteatoma. Laryngoscope 90: 383–391CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pinson, (1807) [Quoted by Paparella, M. M., Rybak, L. (1978) ] Congenital cholesteatoma. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America 11: 113–120Google Scholar
Rainer, M. N. (1968) [Quoted by Bhide, A. R. et al. (1973) ]Google Scholar
Rüedi, L. (1958) Cholesteatosis of the attic. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 72: 593–609CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rüedi, L. (1979) Pathogenesis and surgical treatment of the middle ear cholesteatoma. Acta Otolaryngologica, Suppl. 361.Google ScholarPubMed
Sadé, J. (1979). Secretory Otitis Media and its Sequelae, ChurchillLivingstone, New York.Google Scholar
Sadé, J. (1982) Prologue. In Cholesteatoma and Mastoid Surgery. (Sadé, J., ed.), Kugler Publications, Amsterdam, pp 1–3.Google Scholar
Sadé, J., Babyatzki, A., Pinkus, G. (1982) The metaplastic and congenital origin of cholesteatoma. In Cholesteatoma and Mastoid Surgery. (Sadé, J. ed), Kugler Publications, Amsterdam, pp 305–319.Google Scholar
Schuknecht, H. F (1973) Experiences with residual and recurrent cholesteatoma. In Panel Discussion. Archives of Otolaryngology 97: 174–176Google Scholar
Senturia, B. H., Marcus, M. D., Lucente, FE. (1980) Diseases of the External Ear. An otologic-dermatologic manual. Grüne & Stratton, New York.Google Scholar
Sheehy, J. L. (1978) Recurrent and residual disease in cholesteatoma surgery. Clinical Otolaryngology 3: 393–403CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, M. F W., FaIk, S. (1978) External auditory canal cholesteatoma. Clinical Otolaryngology 3: 297–300CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smyth, G. D. L. (1976) Post operative cholesteatoma in combined approach tympanoplasty. Fifteen year report on tympanoplasty. Part I. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 90: 597–621CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahashi, S., Nakano, Y. (1989) Immunohistochemical demonstration of Langerhans' cell in cholesteatoma using an antiserum against S-lOO protein. Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 246: 48–52CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tumarkin, A. (1958) Attic cholesteatosis. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 72: 610–619CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Blitterswijk, C. A., Grote, J. J., Lutgert, R. W., Hesseling, S. C., Out, C. J., Van Muijen, G. N. P., Franzen, J. A. M. (1989) Cytokeratin patterns of tissue related to cholesteatoma pathogenesis. Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology 98: 635–640Google ScholarPubMed
Vennix, P. P. C. A., Kuijpers, W., Tonnaer, E. L. C. M., Peters, T. A., Ramaekers, F C. S. (1990) Cytokeratins in induced epidermoid formations and cholesteatoma lesions. Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 116: 560–565CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Virchow, R. (1855) [Quoted by Turco, A. (1926)] Contributo allo studio del colesteatoma della mammella. Annali Italiani di Chirurgia 14: 195–208Google Scholar
Visser, C. E., Veldman, J. E., Van Dijk, C. M. (1987) L'immunologie du cholestéatome. Annales d' Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale 104: 111–115Google Scholar
Wilkes, J. D. (1971) Upper respiratory tract and ear. In Pathology. 6th Edition. (Anderson, W. A. D., ed), Mosby, St Louis.Google Scholar
Yamasoba, T., Harada, T., Okuno, T., Nomura, Y. (1990) Osteoma of the middle ear. Report of a case. Archives of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery 116: 1214–1216CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yan, S. -D., Huang, C. -C. (1991) Lymphotoxin in human middle ear cholesteatoma. Laryngoscope 101: 411–415Google ScholarPubMed
Youngs, R., Rowles, P. (1990) The spatial organization of keratinocytes in acquired middle ear cholesteatoma resembles that of external auditory canal skin and pars flaccida. Acta-Otolaryngologica 110: 115–119Google ScholarPubMed