Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T02:39:46.343Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mycobacterium marches back

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2007

R. Gareth Williams  and
Tony Douglas-Jones
R. Gareth Williams*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
Tony Douglas-Jones
Affiliation:
Department of Histopathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
*
Address for correspondence: Mr R. G. Williams, F.R.C.S., University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The resurgence of tuberculosis world-wide and its association with HIV infection means a greater likelihood of otolaryngologists encountering the disease in one form or another. In this review the features of primary and secondary tuberculosis in various head and neck sites are described, and recent advances in diagnosis are discussed. For the otolaryngologists other important aspects such as infections with atypical mycobacteria, the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy in HIV-infected patients, recently recognized problems in drug treatment, and the role of surgery in head and neck tuberculosis are also discussed.

Keywords

TuberculosisMycobacteriumLymphadenopathyAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Type
Review Article
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 109 , Issue 1 , January 1995 , pp. 5 - 13
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bailey, C. M., Windle-Taylor, P. C. (1981) Tuberculous laryngitis. Laryngoscope 91: 93–100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Batsakis, J. G. (1974) Nonneoplastic disease of the salivary glands. In Tumours of the Head and Neck. Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, pp. 54–55.Google Scholar
Berman, H., Fein, M. (1932) Primary tuberculosis of the parotid gland. Annals of Surgery 95: 52–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brisson-Noel, A., Aznar, CChureau, S., Nguyen, S., Pierre, C, Bartoli, M, Bonete, R., Pialoux, G., Gicquel, B. (1991) Diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA amplification in clinical practice evaluation. Lancet 388: 364–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bull, T. R. (1966) Tuberculosis of the larynx. British Medical Journal 2: 991–992.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cantrell, R., Jansen, J., Reid, D. (1975) Diagnosis and management of tuberculous cervical lymph adenitis. Archives of Otolaryngology 101: 53–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CDC-MMWR (Centre of Disease Control, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report) (1993) Approaches to improving adherence to antituberculosis therapy. Journal of the American Medical Association 269: 1096–1098.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chodosh, P., Willis, W. (1970) Tuberculosis of the upper respiratory tract. Laryngoscope 80(5): 679–696.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Couldery, A. (1990) Tuberculosis of the upper respiratory tract misdiagnosed as Wegner's granulomatosis – an important distinction. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 104(3): 255–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowe, S., Watkins, S., Rothholz, A. S. (1917) Tonsillar and nasopharyngeal infections. Bulletin of Johns Hopkins Hospital 28: 1.Google Scholar
Dandapat, M., Padhi, N., Nanda, B. P. (1986) Peripheral lymph node tuberculosis – a comparison of various methods of management. Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 33: 20–23.Google Scholar
Dandapat, M., Mishra, B., Dash, S. P., Kar, P. K. (1990) Peripheral lymph node tuberculosis: a review of 80 cases. Briish Journal of Surgery 77(8): 911–912.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dickie, J. (1929) Tuberculosis of the ear. In The Nose, Throat and Ear and Their Diseases. 1st Edition. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, London p. 457.Google Scholar
Dilkes, M., McGilligan, J., Chapman, J. (1991) A rare presentation of tuberculosis of the cervical spine. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 105(9): 786–787.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dimitrakopoulos, I., Zouloumis, L., Lazaridis, N. (1991) Primary tuberculosis of the oral cavity. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 72(6): 712–715.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Donohue, T., Bolden, T. (1961) Tuberculosis of the salivary glands. Oral Surgery 14: 576–588.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elliot, A., Luo, N., Tembo, G., Halwiindi, B., Steenbergen, G., Machiels, L., Pobee, J., Nunn, P., Hayes, R. J., McAdam, K. P. W J. (1990) Impact of HIV on tuberculosis in Zambia: a crosssectional study. British Medical Journal 301: 412–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, K. D., Nakasone, A. S., Sutherland, P. A., de la Maza, L. M., Peterson, E. M. (1992) Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium intracellulare directly from primary BACTEC cultures by using acridinium-ester-labelled DNA probes. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 30: 2427–2431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fordyce, A., Carmichael, E. (1914) Nasopharyngeal and cervical glandular tuberculosis in children. Lancet 260: 23–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frankel, H., Hancock, D. O., Hyslop, G. (1969) The value of postural reduction in the initial management of closed injuries to the spine with paraplegia and tetraplegia: Part 1. Paraplegia 7: 179–192.Google Scholar
Galietti, F., Giorgis, G. E., Oliaro, A., Ardizzi, A., Barberis, S., Bernardi, V., Gai, R., Onoscuri, M. (1989) Tuberculosis of the larynx. Panminerva Medica 31(3) 134–136.Google ScholarPubMed
Garcia, N., Garcia, G., Ibanez, N. V. (1992) Role of oral candidiasis as a predictive marker of tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection (in Spanish). Annales de Medecine Interna 9(7): 318–321.Google Scholar
Gentric, A., Garre, M. (1992) Nasal tuberculosis: two cases in elderly patients (letter). Clinical Infectious Diseases 15(1): 176–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gertler, R., Ramages, L. (1985) Tuberculous laryngitis – a one-year harvest. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 99: 1119–1125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Godfrey-Faussett, P., Mortimer, P. R., Jenkins, P. A., Stoker, N. G. (1992) Evidence of transmission of tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting. British Medical Journal 305; 221–223.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Godlee, F. (1993) Tuberculosis – a global emergency. British Medical Journal (S. A. edition) 1: 694.Google Scholar
Gostin, L. O. (1993) Controlling the resurgent tuberculosis epidemic. Journal of the American Medical Association 269: 255–260.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Habersohn, S. (1905) The treatment of laryngeal tuberculosis. Journal of Laryngology 20: 630–637.Google Scholar
Haddad, N., Zaytoun, G., Hadi, U. (1987) Tuberculosis of the soft palate: an unusual presentation of oral tuberculosis. Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery 97: 91–99.Google ScholarPubMed
Harries, A. (1990) Tuberculosis and the human immunodeficiency virus infection in developing countries. Lancet 335: 387–390.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harrison, A., Knight, R. (1986) Tuberculosis of the nasopharynx misdiagnosed as Wegener's granulomatosis. Thorax 41: 219–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hashimoto, Y., Tanioka, H. (1989) Primary tuberculosis of the tongue: report of a case. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 47: 744–746.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Havens, E. (1931) Primary tuberculosis of the nasal mucous membrane. Archives of Laryngology 14: 181–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawken, M., Nunn, R, Gathua, S., Brindle, R., Godfrey-Faussett, P., Githui, W., Odhiambo, J., Batchelor, B., Gilks, C, Morris, J., McAdam, K. (1993) Increased recurrence of tuberculosis in HIV-1 infected patients in Kenya. Lancet 342: 332–337.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hsu, C, Leung, B., Lau, S. K., Sham, J. S., Choy, D., Engzell, U. (1990) Efficacy of fine-needle aspiration and sampling of lymph nodes in 1484 Chinese patients. Diagnostic Cytopathology 6(3): 154–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunter, A. M., Millar, J. W., Wightman, A. J. A., Home, N. W. (1981) The changing pattern of laryngeal tuberculosis. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 95: 393–398.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Iseman, M. D. (1993) Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. New England Journal of Medicine 329: 784–791.Google ScholarPubMed
Iseman, M. D., Cohn, D. L., Sbarbaro, J. A. (1993) Directly observed treatment of tuberculosis – we can not afford not to try it. New England Journal of Medicine 328: 576–578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jawahar, M., Sivasubramanian, S., Vijayan, V. K., Ramakrishnan, C. V., Paramasivan, C. N., Selvakumar, V., Paul, S., Tripathy, S. P., Prabhakar, R. (1990) Short course chemotherapy for tuberculous lymphadenitis in children. British Medical Journal 301: 359–362.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeanes, A. L., Friedmann, I. (1960) Tuberculosis of the middle ear. Tubercle 41: 109–116.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kadin, M. E., Donaldson, S. S., Dorfman, R. F. (1970) Isolated granulomas in Hodgkin's disease. New England Journal of Medicine 283:(16): 559–561.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kitchen, P. A., Szotyori, Z., Fromholc, C, Almond, N. (1990) Avoidance of false positives. Nature 344: 201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kheiry, J., Ahmed, M. (1992) Cervical lymphadenopathy in Khartoum. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (in English) 95(6): 416–419.Google ScholarPubMed
Kolk, A. H., Schuitema, A. R. J., Kuijper, S., van Leeuwen, J., Hefmans, P. W. M., van Embden, J. D. A., Hartskreel, R. A. (1992) Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples by using polymerase chain reaction and a non-radioactive detection system. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 30: 2567–2575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuruvilla, A., Saha, N., Barton, R. P. E., Zardawi, I. M. (1981) Tuberculosis of intra-parotid lymph nodes. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 95: 1165–1167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lau, S. K., Wei, W. I., Hsu, C, Engzell, U. C. (1990) Efficacy of fineneedle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 104 (1): 24–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lebrun, L., Espinasse, F, Poveda, J. D., Vincent-Levy-Frebault, V. (1992) Evaluation of non-radioactive probes for identification of mycobacteria. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 30: 2476–2478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, K., Tami, X, Lalwani, A. K., Schecter, G. (1992) Contemporary management of cervical tuberculosis. Laryngoscope 102(1): 60–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Llibre, J., Tor, J., Manterola, J. M., Carbonell, C, Roset, J. (1992) Risk stratification for dissemination of tuberculosis in HIVinfected patients. Quarterly Journal of Medicine 82(298): 149–157.Google Scholar
Ma, K., Tang, P., Chan, K. W. (1990) Aural tuberculosis. American Journal of Otology 11(3): 174–177.Google ScholarPubMed
Mahindra, S., Malik, G., Sohail, M. (1981) Primary tuberculosis of the adenoids. Ada Otolaryngologica (Stockh) 92: 173–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mandell, G. L., Sane, M. A. (1990) Antimicrobial agents: drugs used in the chemotherapy of tuberculosis and leprosy. In The Pharmacological Basis offherapeutics. 8th Edition. Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 1146–1164.Google Scholar
Messervy, M. (1971) Primary tuberculosis of the nose with presenting symptoms and lesions resembling a malignant granuloma. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 85: 177–184.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitchell, A. (1914) Report on the infection of children with bovine tubercle bacillus. British Medical Journal 200: 125–133.Google Scholar
Nakajima, H. (1993) Tuberculosis: a global emergency. World Health 46(4): 3.Google Scholar
Nisar, M., Narula, M., Beeching, N., Davies, P. D. O. (1992) HIVrelated tuberculosis in England and Wales. Tubercle and Lung Disease 73: 200–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ormerod, F. (1951) A review of tuberculosis of the upper air passages during the past thirty years and its treatment by streptomycin. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 65(7): 461–471.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peterson, E. M., Lu, R., Floyd, C, Nakasone, A.; Friedly, G., de la Maza, L. M. (1989) Direct identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare from amplified primary cultures in BACTEC media using DNA probes. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 27: 1543–1547.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pierre, C, Lecossier, D., Boussougant, Y., Bocart, D., Joly, V., Yeni, P., Hance, A. J. (1991) Use of a reamplification protocol improves sensitivity of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples by amplification of DNA. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 29: 712–717.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pinder, S., Colville, A. (1993) Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis in children: can histological assessment help differentiate infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria from Mycobacterium tuberculosis'? Histopathology 22(1): 59–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prabhu, S., Daftary, D., Pholakia, H. M. (1978) Tuberculosis ulcer of the tongue: report of case. Journal of Oral Surgery 36: 384–386.Google ScholarPubMed
Ramadan, H., Tarazi, A., Baroudy, F. M. (1993) Laryngeal tuberculosis: presentation of 16 cases and review of the literature. Journal of Otolaryngology (Canada) 22(1): 39–41.Google ScholarPubMed
Ramages, M. B., Gertler, R. (1985) Aural tuberculosis: a series of 25 patients. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 99: 1073–1080.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rauch, M., Friedman, E. (1978) Systemic tuberculosis initially seen as an oral ulceration. Journal of Oral Surgery 36: 387–389.Google ScholarPubMed
Rupa, V., Bhanu, T. S. (1989) Laryngeal tuberculosis in the eighties – an Indian experience. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 103 (9): 864–868.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shah, P., Ramakantan, R. (1990) Hoarseness of the voice due to recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in tuberculous mediastinitis (letter). Archives of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery 116 (1): 108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shapiro, A., Pincus, R. (1991) Fine-needle aspiration of diffuse cervical lymphadenopathy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 105(3): 419–421.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shikhani, A. H., Hadi, U. M., Mufarrij, A. A., Zaytoun, G. M. (1989) Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis. Ear, Nose and Throat Journal 68(9): 660–672.Google ScholarPubMed
Sibbison, J. B. (1992) USA: action plan against multi-resistant TB. Lancet 339: 1161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sjobring, U., Mecklenburg, M., Anderson, A. S., Miorner, H. (1990) Polymerase chain reaction for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28: 2200–2204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soda, A., Rubio, H., Salazar, M. (1989) Tuberculosis of the larynx clinical aspects of 19 patients. Laryngoscope 99(11): 1147–1150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spence, D. P. S., Hotchkiss, J., Williams, C. S. D., Davies, P. D. O. (1993) Tuberculosis and poverty. British Medical Journal 307: 759–761.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stoneburner, R. (1988) Tuberculosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association 259: 338–340.Google Scholar
Sudre, P., Dam, G., Kochi, A. (1992) Tuberculosis: a global overview of the situation today. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 70(2): 149–159.Google ScholarPubMed
Thompson St. Clair (1919) Diseases of the Nose and Throat 2nd Edition, Cassell & Co Ltd., London, pp. 632–654.Google Scholar
Thompson, St. Clair (1924) Tuberculosis of the larynx: its significance to the physician. British Medical Journal 2: 841–844.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, L., Fraser, J. S. (1915) Tuberculosis of the middle-ear cleft in children: a clinical and pathological study. Journal of Laryngology, Rhinology and Otology 30(6): 209–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ubhi, S., Neoptolemos, J., Watkin, D. F. L. (1988) Incidence and diagnosis of parotid gland tuberculosis in Asians in Leicester. British Journal of Surgery 75: 313.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vidyasagar, C, Murthy, H. (1994) Management of tuberculosis of the spine with neurological complications. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons in England 76: 80–84.Google ScholarPubMed
Waldron, J., van Hasselt, C, Skinner, D., Arnold, M. (1992) Tuberculosis of the nasopharynx; clinicopathological features. Clinical Otolarygnology 17(1): 57–59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, W. R., Wilkowske, C. J., Wright, C. J., Sande, M. A., Geraci, J. E. (1984) Treatment of streptomycin-susceptible and streptomycin-resistant enterococcal endocarditis. Annals of Internal Medicine 100: 816–823.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Windle-Taylor, P. C, Bailey, C. M. (1980) Tuberculous otitis media: a series of 22 patients. Laryngoscope 90: 1039–1044.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Winkelbauer, F., Denk, D., Ammann, M., Kamel, F. (1993) Ultrasound diagnosis of cervical lymph node tuberculosis (in German). Ultraschall in der Medizin 14(1): 28–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar