Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T21:10:10.453Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Lateral temporal bone resections for peri-auricular cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: prognostic indicators and radiological predictive values

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 November 2021

M M K Kwok ,
K W K Choong ,
J Virk ,
S Kleid  and
M J R Magarey
M M K Kwok*
Affiliation:
Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
K W K Choong
Affiliation:
Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
J Virk
Affiliation:
Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
S Kleid
Affiliation:
Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
M J R Magarey
Affiliation:
Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Dr Matthew M K Kwok, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background

Lateral temporal bone resections are used in the management of locally advanced peri-auricular cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, but there is still conflicting evidence regarding the staging, surgical and adjuvant treatment decisions.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients who underwent lateral temporal bone resection for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma between January 2015 and December 2019 at a dedicated tertiary oncology referral centre.

Results

Twenty-nine patients were included, with a median age of 77 years. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography showed good diagnostic accuracy in identifying disease in the parotid gland, external auditory canal and mastoid bone, but had poor sensitivity in identifying cervical nodal metastasis. Six patients had recurrence at a median of 4.8 months post-operatively. Tumour differentiation (p = 0.0040) and post-operative radiotherapy (p = 0.0199) were associated with significantly better recurrence-free survival.

Conclusion

Lateral temporal bone resection for peri-auricular cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma requires careful surgical planning using clinico-radiological correlation, particularly in patients with poorly differentiated tumours.

Keywords

Head And Neck CancerHeadNeckHead And Neck Squamous Cell CarcinomasSkull BaseSkinEar
Type
Main Article
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 136 , Issue 4 , April 2022 , pp. 297 - 303
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of J.L.O. (1984) LIMITED

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Dr M M K Kwok takes responsibility for the integrity of the content of the paper

References

de Vries, E, van de Poll-Franse, LV, Louwman, WJ, de Gruijl, FR, Coebergh, JW. Predictions of skin cancer incidence in the Netherlands up to 2015. Br J Dermatol 2005;152:481–810.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06386.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moore, BA, Weber, RS, Prieto, V, El-Naggar, A, Holsinger, FC, Zhou, X et al. Lymph node metastases from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Laryngoscope 2005;115:1561–710.1097/01.mlg.0000173202.56739.9fCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Staples, MP, Elwood, M, Burton, RC, Williams, JL, Marks, R, Giles, GG. Non-melanoma skin cancer in Australia: the 2002 national survey and trends since 1985. Med J Aust 2006;184:6–10CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brantsch, KD, Meisner, C, Schonfisch, B, Trilling, B, Wehner-Caroli, J, Rocken, M et al. Analysis of risk factors determining prognosis of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma: a prospective study. Lancet Oncol 2008;9:713–20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Iversen, T, Tretli, S. Trends for invasive squamous cell neoplasia of the skin in Norway. Br J Cancer 1999;81:528–31CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeung, P, Bridger, A, Smee, R, Baldwin, M, Bridger, GP. Malignancies of the external auditory canal and temporal bone: a review. ANZ J Surg 2002;72:114–2010.1046/j.1445-2197.2002.02313.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Essig, GF, Kitipornchai, L, Adams, F, Zarate, D, Gandhi, M, Porceddu, S et al. Lateral temporal bone resection in advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: report of 35 patients. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2013;74:54–9Google ScholarPubMed
Moffat, DA, Wagstaff, SA, Hardy, DG. The outcome of radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy for squamous carcinoma of the temporal bone. Laryngoscope 2005;115:341–710.1097/01.mlg.0000154744.71184.c7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kovatch, KJ, Smith, JD, Birkeland, AC, Hanks, JE, Jawad, R, McLean, SA et al. Institutional experience of treatment and outcomes for cutaneous periauricular squamous cell carcinoma. OTO Open 2019;3:2473974X1987507710.1177/2473974X19875077CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Medina, JE, Park, AO, Neely, JG, Britton, BH. Lateral temporal bone resections. Am J Surg 1990;160:427–3310.1016/S0002-9610(05)80559-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parsons, H, Lewis, JS. Subtotal resection of the temporal bone for cancer of the ear. Cancer 1954;7:995–100110.1002/1097-0142(195409)7:5<995::AID-CNCR2820070524>3.0.CO;2-A3.0.CO;2-A>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, JS. Temporal bone resection. Review of 100 cases. Arch Otolaryngol 1975;101:23–510.1001/archotol.1975.00780300027006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Millar, HS. Temporal bone resection for cancer. Aust N Z J Surg 1978;48:621–710.1111/j.1445-2197.1978.tb04916.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodwin, WJ, Jesse, RH. Malignant neoplasms of the external auditory canal and temporal bone. Arch Otolaryngol 1980;106:675–910.1001/archotol.1980.00790350017006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sharon, JD, Khwaja, SS, Drescher, A, Gay, H, Chole, RA. Osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone: a case series. Otol Neurotol 2014;35:1207–1710.1097/MAO.0000000000000321CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Homer, JJ, Lesser, T, Moffat, D, Slevin, N, Price, R, Blackburn, T. Management of lateral skull base cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines. J Laryngol Otol 2016;130:S119–2410.1017/S0022215116000542CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nam, GS, Moon, IS, Kim, JH, Kim, SH, Choi, JY, Son, EJ. Prognostic factors affecting surgical outcomes in squamous cell carcinoma of external auditory canal. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2018;11:259–6610.21053/ceo.2017.01340CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garcovich, S, Colloca, G, Sollena, P, Andrea, B, Balducci, L, Cho, WC et al. Skin cancer epidemics in the elderly as an emerging issue in geriatric oncology. Aging Dis 2017;8:643–6110.14336/AD.2017.0503CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leiter, U, Eigentler, T, Garbe, C. Epidemiology of skin cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014;810:120–40Google ScholarPubMed
Subramaniam, P, Olsen, CM, Thompson, BS, Whiteman, DC, Neale, RE, Sun, QS et al. Anatomical distributions of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in a population-based study in Queensland, Australia. JAMA Dermatol 2017;153:175–8210.1001/jamadermatol.2016.4070CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toriihara, A, Nakadate, M, Fujioka, T, Oyama, J, Tsutsumi, T, Asakage, T et al. Clinical usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT for staging cancer of the external auditory canal. Otol Neurotol 2018;39:e370–510.1097/MAO.0000000000001791CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kim, ES, Yoon, DY, Moon, JY, Baek, S, Han, YM, Seo, YL et al. Detection of loco-regional recurrence in malignant head and neck tumors: a comparison of CT, MRI, and FDG PET-CT. Acta Radiol 2019;60:186–9510.1177/0284185118776504CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haisma, MS, Plaat, BEC, Bijl, HP, Roodenburg, JLN, Diercks, GFH, Romeijn, TR et al. Multivariate analysis of potential risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016;75:722–3010.1016/j.jaad.2016.06.010CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kyrgidis, A, Tzellos, TG, Kechagias, N, Patrikidou, A, Xirou, P, Kitikidou, K et al. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck: risk factors of overall and recurrence-free survival. Eur J Cancer 2010;46:1563–72CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kim, SJ, Pak, K, Kim, K. Diagnostic accuracy of F-18 FDG PET or PET/CT for detection of lymph node metastasis in clinically node negative head and neck cancer patients; a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Otolaryngol 2019;40:297–30510.1016/j.amjoto.2018.10.013CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirshoren, N, Olayos, E, Herschtal, A, Ravi Kumar, AS, Gyorki, DE. Preoperative positron emission tomography for node-positive head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018;158:122–6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clark, RR, Soutar, DS. Lymph node metastases from auricular squamous cell carcinoma. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2008;61:1140–710.1016/j.bjps.2008.04.036CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Durham, AB, Lowe, L, Malloy, KM, McHugh, JB, Bradford, CR, Chubb, H et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on the head and neck. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016;142:1171–610.1001/jamaoto.2016.1927CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seim, NB, Wright, CL, Agrawal, A. Contemporary use of sentinel lymph node biopsy in the head and neck. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016;2:117–2510.1016/j.wjorl.2016.05.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leong, SC, Youssef, A, Lesser, TH. Squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone: outcomes of radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. Laryngoscope 2013;123:2442–8Google ScholarPubMed
Xie, B, Zhang, T, Dai, C. Survival outcomes of patients with temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma with different invasion patterns. Head Neck 2015;37:188–96CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zanoletti, E, Marioni, G, Franchella, S, Lovato, A, Giacomelli, L, Martini, A et al. Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone: critical analysis of cases with a poor prognosis. Am J Otolaryngol 2015;36:352–510.1016/j.amjoto.2014.12.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Madsen, AR, Gundgaard, MG, Hoff, CM, Maare, C, Holmboe, P, Knap, M et al. Cancer of the external auditory canal and middle ear in Denmark from 1992 to 2001. Head Neck 2008;30:1332–810.1002/hed.20877CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirshoren, N, Ruskin, O, McDowell, LJ, Magarey, M, Kleid, S, Dixon, BJ. Management of parotid metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: regional recurrence rates and survival. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018;159:293–910.1177/0194599818764348CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, D, Nash, M, Har-El, G. Regional spread of auricular and periauricular cutaneous malignancies. Laryngoscope 1996;106:998–100110.1097/00005537-199608000-00016CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoon, M, Chougule, P, Dufresne, R, Wanebo, HJ. Localized carcinoma of the external ear is an unrecognized aggressive disease with a high propensity for local regional recurrence. Am J Surg 1992;164:574–710.1016/S0002-9610(05)80709-3CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Batsakis, JG. Epidermal carcinomas of the integument of the nose and ear. In: Batsakis, JG, ed. Tumors of the Head and Neck: Clinical and Pathologic Considerations, 2nd edn. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1979;420–30Google Scholar
Prasad, SC, D'Orazio, F, Medina, M, Bacciu, A, Sanna, M. State of the art in temporal bone malignancies. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014;22:154–6510.1097/MOO.0000000000000035CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breuninger, H, Black, B, Rassner, G. Microstaging of squamous cell carcinomas. Am J Clin Pathol 1990;94:624–710.1093/ajcp/94.5.624CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jambusaria-Pahlajani, A, Kanetsky, PA, Karia, PS, Hwang, WT, Gelfand, JM, Whalen, FM et al. Evaluation of AJCC tumor staging for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and a proposed alternative tumor staging system. JAMA Dermatol 2013;149:402–10CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmults, CD, Karia, PS, Carter, JB, Han, J, Qureshi, AA. Factors predictive of recurrence and death from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a 10-year, single-institution cohort study. JAMA Dermatol 2013;149:541–710.1001/jamadermatol.2013.2139CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harris, BN, Bayoumi, A, Rao, S, Moore, MG, Farwell, DG, Bewley, AF. Factors associated with recurrence and regional adenopathy for head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017;156:863–910.1177/0194599817697053CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Masterson, L, Rouhani, M, Donnelly, NP, Tysome, JR, Patel, P, Jefferies, SJ et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone: clinical outcomes from radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. Otol Neurotol 2014;35:501–8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spector, JG. Management of temporal bone carcinomas: a therapeutic analysis of two groups of patients and long-term followup. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991;104:58–6610.1177/019459989110400112CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, CC, Boyce, SM. Surgical margins of excision for basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Semin Cutan Med Surg 2004;23:167–7310.1016/j.sder.2004.06.002CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moody, SA, Hirsch, BE, Myers, EN. Squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal: an evaluation of a staging system. Am J Otol 2000;21:582–8Google ScholarPubMed
Ghavami, Y, Haidar, YM, Maducdoc, M, Tjoa, T, Moshtaghi, O, Lin, HW et al. Tympanic membrane and ossicular-sparing modified lateral temporal bone resection. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017;157:530–210.1177/0194599817712686CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed