Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T18:20:06.106Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Air pressure changes in the external auditory meatus

(The influence on pure tone bone conduction thresholds)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2007

Michael Nolan*
Affiliation:
Manchester
David J. Lyon
Affiliation:
Manchester
Catherine L. L. Mok
Affiliation:
Manchester
*
Michael Nolan, Department of Audiology, and Education of the Deaf, University of Manchester, M13 9PL.

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American National Standards Institute (1972) Specification of an Artificial Head-Bone, ANSI S3.13 American National Standards Institute, Inc. New York.Google Scholar
Austin, D. F. (1978) Sound Conduction of the diseased ear. Journal of Laryngology and Otology, 92: 367393.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bárány, E. (1938) A contribution to the physiology of bone conduction. Acta-Otolaryngologica, Supplement 26.Google Scholar
Békésy, G. von (1932) ZurTheorie des Horens bei der Schallaufnahme durch Knochen-leitung. Ann. d. Physik, 13: 111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Békésy, G. Von (1960) Experiments in Hearing. McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc. New York.Google Scholar
Billings, B. L. and Winter, M. (1977) Calibration force levels for bone conductor vibrators. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 20: 653660.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
British Standards Institution (1966) An artificial mastoid for the calibration of bone vibrators in hearing aids and audiometers B.S. 4009, British Standards Institution, London.Google Scholar
British Standards Institution (1972) Specification for a reference zero for the calibration of pure-tone audiometers. Part 4: Normal threshold of hearing for pure tones by bone conduction B.S.2497: Part 4: British Standards Institution, London.Google Scholar
Bruel, and Kjaer, (1970) Instructions and applications. Orboe Print, Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Carhart, R. (1950) Clinical application of bone conduction. Archives of Otolaryngology (Chicago), 51: 798807.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dirks, D. (1964) Factors related to bone conduction reliability. Archives of Otolaryngology (Chicago), 79: 551558.Google ScholarPubMed
Dirks, D. and Kamm, C. (1975) Bone-vibrator measurements; physical characteristics and behavioural thresholds. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 18: 242260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feldman, A. S. (1961) Problems in the measurement of bone conduction. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 26: 3944.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gatehouse, S. and Browning, G. G. (1982) A re-examination of the Carhart Effect. British Journal of Audiology, 16: 215220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ginsberg, I. A., Hoffman, S. R., White, T. P. and Shinziano, G. D. (1978) Stapedectomy in depth, analysis of 2405 cases. Laryngoscope, 88: 19992016.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guilford, J. P. (1973) Fundamental statistics in psychology and education. McGraw-Hill Kogakusha Ltd., Tokyo.Google Scholar
Gunderson, T. (1973) Sensorineural heaing loss in otosclerosis. Scandinavian Audiology, 2: 4351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hertzog, H. (1926) Das Knochenleitungsproblem: theoretische Erwagungen. Zeitschrift für Hals-, Nasen, u. Ohrenheilkunde, 15: 300.Google Scholar
Hood, J. D. (1979) Clinical implications in calibration requirements in bone conduction standardization. Audiology, 18: 3642.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huizing, E. H. (1960) Bone conduction: the influence of the middle ear. Acta Otolaryngologica, Supplement 155.Google ScholarPubMed
Humes, L. E. (1979) The middle ear inertial component of bone-conduction hearing in man. Audiology, 18: 2435.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
International Electrotechnical Commission (1971) An IEC mechanical coupler for the calibration of bone vibrators having a specified contact area and being applied with a specific static force. IEC 373.Google Scholar
Kaufman, R. S., McArdle, F. and Tonndorf, J. (1968) Experimental round window surgery. Annals of Otology, fyhinology and Laryngology, 77: 243254.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirikae, I. (1959) An experimental study of the fundamental mechanism of bone conduction. Acta Otolaryngologica (Stockholm), Supplement 145.Google ScholarPubMed
Krainz, W. (1926) Das Knockenleitungsproblem; experimentelle Ergebnisse. Zeitschrift für Hals-, Nasen, und Ohrenheilkunde, 15: 306.Google Scholar
Legouix, J. P. and Tarab, S. (1959) Experimental study of bone conduction in ears with mechanical impairment of the ossicles. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 31: 14531457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyon, D. J. (1979) A study of transcranial attenuation and the inertial component in bone conduction. Unpublished M. Ed. dissertation, Department of Audiology, University of Manchester.Google Scholar
McConnell, F. and Carhart, R. (1952) Influence of fenestration surgery on bone conduction measurements. Laryngoscope, 62: 12671292.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palva, T., Karja, J. and Palva, A. (1977) Otosclerosis surgery. Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 83: 328335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Priede, V. M. (1970) Acoustic impedance in two cases of ossicular discontinuity. International Audiology, 1: 127136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tonndorf, J. (1966) Bone conduction: Studies in experimental animals. Acta-ololaryngologica (Stockholm), Supplement 213.Google ScholarPubMed
Tonndorf, J. (1968) A new concept of bone conduction. Archives of Otolaryngology (Chicago), 87: 4954.Google ScholarPubMed
Tonndorf, J. (1976) Bone conduction hearing. In Keidel and Neff, Handbook of Sensory Physiology, Vol. 3, Springer, Berlin.Google Scholar