Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T02:29:52.702Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Development of Urban Systems in the Americas in the Nineteenth Century

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Richard M. Morse
Richard M. Morse*
Affiliation:
The Ford Foundation, Caixa Postal 49-ZC-00, 20,000 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Developing a line of thought from an earlier essay (Morse, 1973: II, 11-55), this paper examines some points of departure for a comparative analysis of urbanization in Latin America and the United States during the nineteenth century. Two assumptions guide the inquiry: first, that the “external dependency” thesis so frequently invoked to explain Latin American urban development easily leads to dogmatism; second, that geoeconomic factors must be perceived as interacting with those of the sociopolitical order.

To set broad guidelines for our effort we might construe the economic and institutional development of the United States and Latin America along the lines of two tensions or counterpoints.

United States. Here the North and West with their commercial agriculture, trading energies, and industrialization faced the commercially and financially dependent South, its socioeconomic organization conditioned by the plantation system, slavery, and export agriculture.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs , Volume 17 , Issue 1 , February 1975 , pp. 4 - 26
Copyright
Copyright © University of Miami 1975

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baldwin, R. E. (1956) “Patterns of development in newly settled regions.” Manchester School of Social and Econ. Studies 24, 2: 161–179.Google Scholar
Borchert, J. R. (1967) “American metropolitan evolution.” Geographical Rev. 57, 3: 301–332.Google Scholar
Buarque de Holanda, S. (1969) Raízes do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: José Olympio.Google Scholar
Caves, R. E. (1971) “Export-led growth and the new economic history,” pp. 403–442 in Bhagwati, J. N. et al. (eds.) Trade, Balance of Payments and Growth. Amsterdam: North-Holland.Google Scholar
Cortes Conde, R. (1968) “Algunos rasgos de la expansión territorial en Argentina en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.” Desarrollo Económico 8, 29: 3–29.Google Scholar
Craven, A. O. (1953) The Growth of Southern Nationalism 1848-1861. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Denslow, D. (1973) “As origens da desigualdade regional no Brasil.” Estudos Económicos 3, 1 : 65–88.Google Scholar
Dessaint, A. Y. (1962) “Effects of the hacienda and plantation systems on Guatemala's Indians.” América Indígena 22, 323–354.Google Scholar
Dowd, D. (1956) “A comparative analysis of economic development in the American west and south.” J. of Econ. History 16, 4: 558–574.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dykstra, R. R. (1968) The Cattle Towns. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Eaton, O. (1961) The Growth of Southern Civilization 1790-1860. New York: Harper.Google Scholar
Fogel, R. W. and Engerman, S. L. (1971) “The economics of slavery,” pp. 311–341 in Fogel, R. W. and Engerman, S. L. (eds.) The Reinterpretation of American Economic History. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Gallo, E. (1968) “Notas sobre el surgimiento de pequeñas ciudades en la campaña santafesina durante la gran expansión cerealera (1870-1895).” Thirty-Eighth International Congress of Americanists, Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Genovese, E. D. (1966) The Political Economy of Slavery. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Gongora, M. (1971) Estratificación social urbana en Chile (siglos XVI, XVII y primera mitad del XVIII). Center Discussion Paper 30. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Center for Latin American Studies.Google Scholar
Halperin Donghi, T. (1969) “La expansión de la frontera de Buenos Aires (1810-1852),” pp. 77–91 in Jara, A. (ed.) Tierra nuevas. Mexico: El Colegio de México.Google Scholar
Halperin Donghi, T. (1963) “La expansión ganadera en la compaña de Buenos Aires (1810-1852).” Desarrollo Económico 3, 1-2: 57–110.Google Scholar
Hutchinson, H. W. (1957) Village and Plantation Life in Northeastern Brazil. Seattle: Univ. of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Irazabal, C. (1964) Venezuela esclava y feudal. Caracas: Pensamiento Vivo.Google Scholar
Keesing, D. B. (1971) “Perspective on Mexico's development, human resources and industrialization since 1803.” Stanford University Food Research Institute. (unpublished manuscript)Google Scholar
Lee, E. S. and Lalli, M. (1967) “Population,” pp. 25–37 in Gilchrist, D. T. (ed.) The Growth of the Seaport Cities 1790-1825. Charlottesville: Univ. Press of Virginia.Google Scholar
Leff, N. H. (1972) “Desenvolvimento econômico e desigualdade regional: origens do caso brasileiro.” Revista Brasileira de Economía 26, 3-21. (English version in Q. J. of Economics, 86, 2: 243–262.Google Scholar
Lemon, J. T. (1967) “Urbanization and the development of eighteenth-century southeastern Pennsylvania and adjacent Delaware.” William and Mary Q. 3rd series 24, 4: 501–542.Google Scholar
Mccarty, J. W. (1972) “AustraUa as a Region of Recent Settlement in the Nineteenth Century.” Seminar Paper 16. Melbourne: Monash University Department of Economics.Google Scholar
McGreevey, W. P. (1971) An Economic History of Columbia 1845-1930. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Mellafe, R. (1971) The Latifundio and the City in Latin American History. Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Moreno, , Toscano, A. (1972) “Cambios en los patrones de urbanización en México, 1810-1910.” Historia Mexicana 22, 2: 160–187.Google Scholar
Moreno, , Toscano, A. and Florescano, E. (1973) “El sector externo y la organización espacial y regional de México (1521-1910).” Paper for Fourth Congreso Internacional sobre México, Santa Monica, Calif., Oct. 17-21.Google Scholar
Morse, R. M. (1973) Las ciudades latinoamericanas. I, Antecedentes; 2, Desarrollo histórico. 2 vols. Mexico: SepSetentas.Google Scholar
Morse, R. M. (1972) “Brazil's urban development: colony and empire.” International Symposium on Historical urban development: colony and empire.” International Symposium on Historical Dimensions of Modern Brazil, Johns Hopkins University, Oct. 18-19. (forthcoming in the Journal of Urban History)Google Scholar
Nabuco, J. (1883) O abolicionismo. London: Abraham Kingdon.Google Scholar
North, D. C. (1959) “Agriculture in economic growth.” J. of Farm Economics 41: 943–951.Google Scholar
Ortiz, F. (1963) Contrapunteo cubano del tabaco y el asúcar. Havana: Consejo Nacional de Cultura, (also in English translation)Google Scholar
Palmer, T. W. Jr. (1950) “The locomotive and twenty empty freight cars.” Inter-American Econ. Affairs 4, 2: 53–94.Google Scholar
Pereira de Queiroz, M. I. (1969) O madonismo local na vida politíca brasileira. São Paulo: Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros.Google Scholar
Rothstein, M. (1966) “Antebellum wheat and cotton exports: a contrast in marketing organization and economic development.” Agricultural History 41, 4: 91–100.Google Scholar
Rubin, J. (1967) “Urban growth and regional development,” pp. 3–21 in Gilchrist, D. T. (ed.) The Growth of the Seaport Cities 1790-1825. Charlottesville: Univ. Press of Virginia.Google Scholar
Scobie, J. R. (1964) Revolution on the Pampas: A Social History of Argentine Wheat, 1860-1910. Austin: Univ. of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Sydnor, C. S. (1948) The Development of Southern Sectionalism 1819-1848. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, G. R. (1967) “American urban growth preceding the railway age.” J. of Econ. History 27, 3: 309–339.Google Scholar
Taylor, G. R. (1964) “American economic growth before 1840: an exploratory essay.” J. of Econ. History 24, 4: 427-44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
U.S. Bureau of the Census (1921) Fourteenth Census of the United States, Vol. I. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
U.S. Bureau of the Census (1909) A Century of Population Growth. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Vallenilla Lanz, L. (1962) Disgregación e integración. Madrid: Instituto de Estudios Políticos.Google Scholar
Varnhagen, F. A. de (1877) A questão da capital: marítima ou no interior? Vienna, (reprinted, Rio de Janeiro, 1935)Google Scholar
Vicario, L. (1970) El crecimiento urbano de Montevideo. Montevideo: Ediciones de la Banda Oriental.Google Scholar
Wade, R. C. (1959) The Urban Frontier: The Rise of Western Cities 1790-1830. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Ward, D. (1971) Cities and Immigrants: A Geography of Change in Nineteenth-century America. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Warner, S. B. Jr. (1968) The Private City: Philadelphia in Three Periods of its Growth. Philadelphia: Univ. of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Watkins, M. H. (1963) “A staple theory of economic growth.” Canadian J. of Econ. and Pol. Sci. 29, 2: 141–158.Google Scholar
Weaver, F. S. (1971) “Positive economics, comparative advantage, and underdevelopment.” Science & Society 35, 2: 169–176.Google Scholar
Wolf, E. R. and Mintz, S. W. (1957) “Haciendas and plantations in middle America and the Antilles.” Social and Econ. Studies 6, 3: 380–412.Google Scholar
Zuckerman, M. (1970) Peaceable Kingdoms: New England Towns in the Eighteenth Century. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar