Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T10:45:05.678Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

From Jew to Basque: Ethnic Myths and Antioqueño Entrepreneurship

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Ann Twinam
Ann Twinam*
Affiliation:
Fundación Antioqueño para los Estudios Sociales (FAES), Apartado Aereo 8650, Medellín, Colombia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Twenty minutes by jet or fifteen hours by bus northwest of Bogotá lies the department of Antioquia, with its capital, Medellín, second largest of Colombia's cities. Although the Andes serve as divider and incubator of a diversity oí patrias chicas, each with characteristic accent, folklore, and regional identity, the country of the Antioqueño, or paisa, remains one of the most distinctive. Unlike Colombians from other regions, the Antioqueño has typically been stereotyped as the alien. Whether he has been reviled as a Jew, lauded as a “New Breed,” portrayed as a Basque, a Swiss, a Yankee, or a Protestant, writers have used ethnic interpretations which minimize the Latin, the Catholic, and even the Colombian image of the paisa (Lipset, 1967:27,28).

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs , Volume 22 , Issue 1 , February 1980 , pp. 81 - 107
Copyright
Copyright © University of Miami 1980

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arango Mejía, G. (1942a) Genealogías de Antioquia y de Caldas. Medellín: Imprenta Departamental.Google Scholar
Arango Mejía, G. (1942b) “Algo sobre orígenes de los Antioqueños.” Repertórico Histórico (Medellín) 15 (January): 297–304.Google Scholar
Arango Mejía, G. (1909) “Origen de la raza Antioqueña.” Boletín de Historia y Antigüedades (Bogotá) 5 (January): 656–658.Google Scholar
Babbie, E. (1973) Survey Research Methods. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.Google Scholar
Betancur, C. (1942) “Autenticidad y simulación, las virtudes y los vicios, Antioquia y Bogotá.” Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín) 13: 343–377.Google Scholar
Royd-Bowman, P. (1973) Patterns of Spanish Emigration to the New World (1493-1580). Special Studies 34. Buffalo: Council on International Studies. State University of New York at Buffalo.Google Scholar
Brading, D. A. (1971) Miners and Merchants in Bourbon Mexico 1763-1810. Cambridge, England: Cambridge Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Brandes, S. (1973) “On Basque migration.” Amer. Anthropologist 75: 299–300.Google Scholar
Brew, R. (1973) “The economic development of Antioquia from 1750 to 1920.” Ph.D. dissertation, Oxford University.Google Scholar
Castro, A. (1954) The Structure of Spanish History. Princeton. N.I: Princeton Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Christie, K. (1978) “Antioqueño colonization in western Colombia: a reappraisal.” Hispanic Amer. Historical Rev. 58 (May): 260–83.Google Scholar
Douglas, W. A. (1973) “Reply to Brandes.” Amer. Anthropologist 73: 300–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Douglas, W. A. and Bilbao, J. (1975) Amerikanuak: Basques in the New World. Reno: Univ. of Nevada Press.Google Scholar
Fajardo, L. H. (1966) The Protestant Ethic of the Antioqueños? Social Structure and Personality. Cali: Universidad del Valle.Google Scholar
Franco, H. (1941-1943) “Sinopsis de Antioquia.” Universidad de Antioquia (Me-dellín) 14: 183–196.Google Scholar
Garcia Ortiz, L. (1938) “En la Antioquia del Ataño.” Boletín de Historia y Antigüe-dades (Bogotá) 23 (January): 1–19.Google Scholar
Hagen, E. (1962) On the Theory of Social Change: How Economic Growth Begins. Homewood, IL: Irwin.Google Scholar
Hirschman, A. (1968) The Strategy of Economic Development. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Instituto Geográfico “Agustín Coda/zi” (1970) Atlas Básico de Colombia. Bogotá: Editorial Andes.Google Scholar
Instituto Geográfico “Agustín Coda/zi” (1969) Monografía del Departamento de Antioquia. Bogotá: Editorial Bedout.Google Scholar
Isaacs, J. (1938) María, Novela Americana, seguida de las Poesías Completas, Buenos Aires: Editorial Sopeña.Google Scholar
Kasian, L. (1971) “Family structure, migration and the entrepreneur,” pp. 225–239 in Kilhy, I. (ed.) Entrepreneurship and Economic Development. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Brandes, S. (1973) “Basque migration again.” Amer. Anthropologist 75: 303–306.Google Scholar
Kilby, P. (1971) “Hunting the hetTalump,” pp. 1–40 in Kilby, P. (ed.) Entrepreneurship and Economic Development. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Iebman, S. B. (1970) The Jews in New Spain, Faith, Flame, and the Inquisition. Coral Cables: Univ. of Miami Press.Google Scholar
Ipsei, S. M. (1967) “Values, education, and entrepreneurship,” pp. 3–60 in Lipset, S. M. and Solari, A. (eds.) Elites in Latin America. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Livardo Ospina, E. (1966) Una Vida, una Lucha, una Victoria, Monografía Histórica de las Empresas y Servicios Públicos de Antioquia. Medellín: Editorial Colina.Google Scholar
Lopez Loro, A. (1968) Análsis Demográfico de los CensosColombianos: 1951 y 1964. Bogotá: ltalgral.Google Scholar
Marcus, J. R. (1970) The Colonial America Jew 1492-1776. Detroit: Wayne State Univ. Press.Google Scholar
McGrady, D. (1972) Jorge Isaacs. New York: Twayne.Google Scholar
McGreevey, W. P. (1971) An Economic History of Colombia: 1856-1930. Cambridge, England: Cambridge Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Osplna, I. (1915) “Conferencia dictada por Don Tulio Ospina, presidente de la Academia de Historia Antioqueño,enlasesióncelebradaen Medellín por las academiasde historia, jurisprudencia, y medicina, para conmemorar el contenário dé la independencia de Antioquia.” Boletín de Historia y Antigüedades (Bogotá) 9 (April): 905–918.Google Scholar
Ospina Rodriguez, M. (1905) “Los Israelitas y los Antioqucños.” Boletín de Historia y Antigüedades (Bogotá) 3 (December): 511–512.Google Scholar
Ospina Vasquez, L. (1955) Industria y Protección en Colombia 1810-1930. Medellín: Editorial Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Otero D'Cosia, E. (1924) “El Semitismo Antioqueño.” Archivo Historial (Mani-óles) 34 (October): 252–262.Google Scholar
Parsons, J. (1968) Antioqueño Colonization in Western Colombia. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.Google Scholar
Payne, J. (1968) Patterns of Conflict in Colombia. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Payne, S. Ci. (1975) Basque Nationalism. Reno: Univ. of Nevada Press.Google Scholar
Posada, A. (1965) “Rasgos del pueblo Antioqueño.” Vínculo Shell (Bogotá) 17: 5–8.Google Scholar
Restrepo, A. (1924) “Quien es el Felipe de Gutiérrez Gonzales?” Archivo Historial 34 (October): 262–279.Google Scholar
Restrepo, V. (1952) Estudio sobre las Minas de Oro y Plata de Colombia. Bogotá: Archivo de la Economía Nacional. Vol. 7.Google Scholar
Rivas, R. (1933) La Familia Santamaría. Bogotá.Google Scholar
Rivas, R. (1925) “El mensajero de la victoria.” Rcpertórico Histórico (Medellín) 57 (July): 137–159.Google Scholar
Robledo, E. (1922) “El Semistismo Antioqueño.” Colombia, Revista Semanal (Medellín) (July 22): 565–570.Google Scholar
Sapford, F. (1974) “Bases of political alignment in early republican Spanish America,” pp. 70–111 in Graham, R. and Smith, P. (eds.) New Approaches to Latin American History. Austin: Univ. of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Sapford, F. (1965a) “Foreign and national enterprise in nineteenth-century Colombia.” Business History Rev. 39: 503–526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sapford, F. (1965b) “Commerce and enterprise in central Colombia, 1821-1870.” Ph.D. dissertation Columbia University.Google Scholar
Twinam, A. (1979) “Enterprise and elites in eighteenth-century Medellin.” Hispanic Amer. Historical Rev. 57 (August): 444–479.Google Scholar
Twinam, A. (1976) “Miners, merchants, and farmers: the roots of entreprencurship in Antioquia, 1763-1810.” Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University.Google Scholar
Twinam, A. (1973) Antioqueño entrepreneurship: the myth and the reality.” pp. 1X4-207 in Proceedings from S.U.L.A. l.atin American Studies Conference. Vol 2. Buffalo: Council on International Studies, State University of New York at Buffalo.Google Scholar
West, R. C. (1952) Colonial Placer Mining in Colombia. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ. Press.Google Scholar
WlBel, J. F. (1975) “The evolution of a regional empire and Peruvian nation: Arcquipa: 1780-1845.” Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University.Google Scholar
Zuleta, E. (1929) Papeles Viejos y Nuevos. Caracas: Vargas.Google Scholar