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Tributyltin and copper effects on encystment and in vitro excystment of Parorchis acanthus larvae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2024

S.C. Bennett ,
S.W.B. Irwin  and
S.M. Fitzpatrick
S.C. Bennett
Affiliation:
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland
S.W.B. Irwin*
Affiliation:
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland
S.M. Fitzpatrick
Affiliation:
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +02890 366028 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Effects of tributyltin (TBT) and copper (Cu) on cercariae and metacercariae of the trematode Parorchis acanthus (Digenea: Philophthalmidae) were investigated. Cercariae released by the dogwhelk, Nucella lapillus were maintained in natural seawater (SW) or solutions of TBT or Cu ranging from 0.001–100μgl−1 and 1–6mgl−1 respectively before they encysted. Over 79% of the cercariae encysted in control and test solutions. Low concentrations of TBT reduced encystment success more than low concentrations of Cu. The percentage of cercariae that formed cysts in the highest concentrations of both pollutants was higher than in the controls, perhaps representing an ‘emergency response’ to the pollutants. Before being induced to excyst in vitro, metacercariae were left in the heavy metal solutions for 3 weeks. Metacercariae exposed as cercariae to TBT and Cu achieved lower percentage excystment success than those that had encysted in SW. Cyst walls provided greater protection against Cu than TBT. It was concluded that TBT and Cu had a detrimental effect on the larval stages of P. acanthus at the higher concentrations used but the cyst wall afforded an element of protection if formed in unpolluted seawater before the larval stages were subjected to the pollutants.

Type
Review Article
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 77 , Issue 4 , December 2003 , pp. 291 - 296
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2003

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