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Risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis in populations of children from nine cities in southern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2014

A.A. Marchioro ,
C.M. Colli ,
É.C. Ferreira ,
B.M. Viol ,
S.M. Araújo  and
A.L. Falavigna-Guilherme
A.A. Marchioro*
Affiliation:
College Inga, Uninga 87070-000, Brazil
C.M. Colli
Affiliation:
Environmental Parasitology Laboratory, State University of Maringá, Block I-90, 5790 Colombo Avenue, CEP 87020-900Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
É.C. Ferreira
Affiliation:
Environmental Parasitology Laboratory, State University of Maringá, Block I-90, 5790 Colombo Avenue, CEP 87020-900Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
B.M. Viol
Affiliation:
Environmental Parasitology Laboratory, State University of Maringá, Block I-90, 5790 Colombo Avenue, CEP 87020-900Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
S.M. Araújo
Affiliation:
Environmental Parasitology Laboratory, State University of Maringá, Block I-90, 5790 Colombo Avenue, CEP 87020-900Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
A.L. Falavigna-Guilherme
Affiliation:
Environmental Parasitology Laboratory, State University of Maringá, Block I-90, 5790 Colombo Avenue, CEP 87020-900Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
*
*Fax: +55 44 3018 4486 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study investigated the epidemiological factors that contribute to the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. in children from Paraná state, Brazil. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to T. gondii were detected using indirect immunofluorescence, and IgG antibodies to Toxocara were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For each individual, a questionnaire was completed that contained epidemiological and clinical data. The data analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression. Of the 544 children investigated, 3.2% presented co-infection with T. gondii and Toxocara spp. Of this total, 7.4% were positive for antibodies to T. gondii, and 25% were positive for antibodies to Toxocara spp. The presence of antibodies to Toxocara spp. increased the risk of T. gondii infection (P= 0.029). Children who were 1–8 years of age were less infected by T. gondii than those who were 9–12 years of age. The variables that influenced positivity for anti-Toxocara spp. were the origin of the children and contact with sand. Children with positive serology for Toxocara spp. presented more eosinophilia compared with those with non-reactive serology. Infection with both parasites reveals the need for preventive measures, such as guidance about modes of infection, parasite control and monitoring recreational areas.

Type
Research Papers
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 89 , Issue 4 , July 2015 , pp. 428 - 432
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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